某大型国产客机发动机空中测试平台引气模拟系统设计

发动机空中测试平台中的引气模拟系统是国产大型客机进行适航验证的关键试验系统,由于在实际中无法建立完整的用气系统实物模型,如何准确复现真实引气工况中关键参数的动态变化过程,已成为国产大型客机引气模拟系统设计中的瓶颈。利用孔板限流方法,开发引气系统控制器,设计和研制一套发动机空中测试平台引气模拟系统;利用地面台架试验进行引气模拟系统验证,并与真实飞机数据进行对比。结果表明：测试发动机的引气模拟系统具有和某大型客机引气系统相同的引气特性,满足大型客机发动机 CCAR33 部取证的引气模拟需求,实现了对发动机引气温度、压力和流量进行调节和监控。     

A320飞机气源系统电磁恒温器典型故障分析与排故探讨

电磁恒温器在气源系统中扮演重要角色,具有调节、稳定飞机引气压力的作用。从气源系统的组成出发,分析电磁恒温器在其中的作用;依据附件维修手册与实际经验,总结该部件出现的典型故障,梳理与分析故障原因,探讨对应的排故方法,使其更快速、有效地恢复到可用状态,旨在为电磁恒温器修理与排故提供一种高效的参考方法。     

智能化波音737NG引气系统健康测试设备设计

针对波音737NG飞机引气健康测试工作的重要性和现有引气健康测试设备的不足,基于高精度传感器、数据采集模块、通用触控设备和外围支持部件,设计并试制了智能化737NG飞机引气健康测试设备.经验证,该设备提高了引气健康测试的数据精度,降低了人为因素造成测试结果失真的概率,基本实现了系统健康状态的自动识别和故障的自动诊断.     

CFM56-3C发动机无引气故障分析

发动机引气问题是影响航线飞机放行的常见故障.本文从CFM56-3C发动机引气故障现象出发,通过排故的实际过程,系统分析了故障产生的原因,并提出了判断和排除此类故障的一般方法,对航线人员的排故思路有一定的指导作用.     

浅析GE90-115B发动机引气系统PRSOV故障

以GE90-115B发动机引气系统常见故障为基础,总结了引气系统部件航线常见故障的排故经验。基于发动机引气系统各部件的工作原理,通过对故障现象的分析,制定了详细的排故流程,可作为排除同类故障时的参考。     

引气系统建模及传感器集优化分析

MADe(维修感知设计环境)是基于功能流模型、系统失效知识和测试信息的系统测试性与健康感知综合仿真分析工具。给出了功能流模型定义及其建模流程,详细分析了飞机引气系统的工作模式、层次结构、功能流及典型部件的物理失效过程,并实现了引气系统典型工况的建模。基于引气系统功能流模型和功能流传播表对传感器集进行了优化,包括传感器集的选择和诊断规则分析。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效地实现引气系统的建模,实现引气系统故障诊断与健康监控方案的优化。     

波音737-300飞机"起飞爬升时引气压力低"故障隔离方法

在波音737-300型飞机的维护中,飞机起飞爬升时引气压力低是一个多发的、易重复的故障.从引气和机翼防冰系统的工作原理出发,通过发动机大功率状态下的机翼防冰系统操作测试来快速有效地确定引气系统中的失效部件.多次的验证测试表明,这个方法是易行的、高效的.     

单发引气防冰构型的适航影响分析

适航条款要求"必须通过分析确认,飞机在各种运行形态下其各种部件的防冰是足够的",这就要求民机试飞中必须验证单发引气防冰时的飞机防冰能力。简要介绍了引气防冰的基本工作原理,通过对某民机两种单发引气防冰构型的研究,分析了试飞过程中可能出现的问题,并着重从适航验证角度对两种构型的差异进行了剖析。结果显示在不同防冰构型下,单发引气防冰的引气需求有较大差异,这也说明在飞机初始设计阶段就应充分考虑适航条款对单发引气防冰功能的需求。     

波音737NG飞机APU无法引气的重复故障分析

波音737NG飞机在航线运行中,重复出现APU无法引气故障,本文就此类型重复故障的排故进行讨论。     

民用飞机引气过热探测告警温度设计和验证

民用飞机引气过热探测系统用于探测高温引气泄漏,防止持续泄漏的高温引气对周围的结构和设备造成损坏。探测器告警温度根据探测器周围的最高环境温度设置,根据不同的探测需求,系统可以设置不同的告警温度。系统在方案设计阶段,探测器告警温度是根据理论计算的最高环境温度设置。采用试验的方法,通过测试飞机引气过热探测器的环境温度,建立新的计算方法,修正探测器的理论最高环境温度,用于验证系统告警温度设置的合理性。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.