鸭式导弹尾翼滚转特性数值研究

为了分析鸭式布局导弹翼面滚转特性,采用求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程组的方法,分析研究表明,鸭式布局导弹尾翼诱导滚转力矩主要来源于翼面。当舵面进行差动偏转进行滚转控制时,不对称下洗流动会上在翼面附加滚转力矩,这种影响随攻角变化。     

YB-MD-3有机玻璃的疲劳裂纹扩展特性研究

试验测定和分析了YB-MD-3有机玻璃的等幅疲劳裂纹扩展规律和疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值.结果表明对较厚的中心裂纹板试件用带压缩的循环载荷能够预制出质量稳定的穿透裂纹;显示了平均应力对疲劳裂纹扩展特性影响的特殊规律以及负应力比循环下压缩部分对裂纹扩展的加速作用;探讨了常温下低频加载时频率变化对YB-MD-3有机玻璃疲劳裂纹扩展的影响.     

孔边裂纹塑性应变疲劳扩展试验研究

简介了循环J积分ΔJ*path体系,以16MnR钢单边椭圆孔边裂纹试件进行了6种循环应力比的恒幅应变疲劳裂纹扩展试验,采用材料应变疲劳循环加载条件下的应力-应变关系,通过弹塑性有限元素法计算ΔJ*path参量,研究了孔边高应变区裂纹塑性应变疲劳扩展规律。结果表明：ΔJ*path能够作为缺口高应变区裂纹塑性应变疲劳扩展的控制参量,与裂纹扩展速率da/dN之间的指数关系,可通过相同材料的标准试件应力疲劳裂纹扩展由Paris公式与ΔJ*path=ΔK2/E转换得到。     

应力强度因子变程相关的FGH97蠕变-疲劳裂纹扩展主导因素

利用扫描电镜对FGH97试件在750℃,应力比为0.05,不同保载时间和应力强度因子变程处的断口微观特征进行了观察,发现保载时间为90s时,随着应力强度因子变程提高,疲劳条带特征逐渐消失,可忽略疲劳载荷作用的应力强度因子变程值位于中等水平处;保载时间为450s和1500s时可忽略疲劳载荷作用的应力强度因子变程值更低.基于包含蠕变-疲劳交互项的3项式模型,引入时间相关和循环相关分量对蠕变-疲劳裂纹扩展试验数据进行了分析,发现不同保载时间下,时间相关分量与循环相关分量对总的裂纹扩展速率的贡献量与应力强度因子变程水平有关.基于分析结果,给出了时间相关裂纹扩展速率描述模型,并讨论了不同保载时间下影响裂纹扩展主导因素的应力强度因子变程值.      

图像处理技术在疲劳裂纹长度测量中的应用

研究材料的疲劳断裂特性,对产品结构设计和寿命预估计具有重要意义。试验中常需测量裂纹扩展长度,以确定裂纹长度与循环载荷次数的关系。在多孔铝合金板疲劳试验过程中,采用先进的图像数据采集和处理技术来测定疲劳裂纹的实际长度,拍摄不同循环次数下疲劳裂纹扩展的CCD图像;基于MATLAB软件,采用OTSU算法和形态学方法,把CCD图像转换成二值图并进行细化处理,得到裂纹扩展骨架图;用链码方法计算出裂纹像素长度,最后根据标定系数便可获得裂纹的实际长度。与显微镜测量裂纹方法比较,该方法具有精度高、非接触、可保存裂纹扩展状态等特点。     

腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的马尔可夫链模型

在腐蚀环境下对LY12CZ铝合金试验件进行疲劳裂纹扩展试验,通过高倍显微镜观测并记录裂纹长度及相应的循环数。基于疲劳裂纹扩展数据的分散性及统计特性,提出用马尔可夫链模型模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹的扩展,得到给定疲劳寿命时的裂纹超出数概率分布和给定裂纹长度时的疲劳寿命累积概率分布。将模拟结果与试验结果进行比较表明:马尔可夫链模型能够很好地模拟腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展情况,为飞机结构的寿命预测和可靠性分析提供参考。     

加筋板广布疲劳损伤裂纹扩展研究

给出了加筋板广布疲劳损伤裂纹扩展预测计算方法。用Walker扩展方程和Willenborg-Chang扩展模型为根据，考虑裂纹之间相互影响和用循环接循环进行裂纹累积。最后给出了随机谱下多裂纹扩展计算和恒幅谱及程序块谱下多裂纹扩展试验与预测计算比较。     

GH169蠕变/疲劳交互作用下裂纹扩展研究

本文采用翻转电位法,研究了航空发动机的涡轮盘材料GH169在650℃时不同保持时间的蠕变疲劳交互作用下的裂纹扩展行为,进行了两种不同预测模型的比较,并用扫描电镜对断口作了微观分析。实验结果表明,利用Paris公式拟合初始裂纹扩展阶段实验数据时相关性差,但双曲正弦寿命预测模型具有良好的相关性及预测性,且这种模典更为方便实用。在实验中还发现逐次从小载荷循环增至大载荷循环的裂纹扩展速率比一次加载明显减慢。     

预循环应力对材料断裂力学性能“锻炼”效应的影响

对服役多年的高速列车用7N01铝合金材料进行疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验,其对数坐标系中的疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/d N与应力强度因子ΔK的关系呈折线形式。与未服役材料对比,在裂纹扩展初期阶段,裂纹扩展速率降低。选取两种原始铝合金材料进行107次预循环应力作用后的疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验,研究低于疲劳极限的预循环应力对材料断裂力学性能的影响。结果表明:经预循环应力作用的材料,其da/d N与ΔK的关系曲线在裂纹扩展初期(对应于低应力强度因子阶段)均出现折转现象。对试验数据的回归分析表明:预循环应力的作用使得材料的断裂力学性能有所提高,预循环应力对材料产生"锻炼"效应。     

疲劳裂纹扩展参数的寿命反推方法

为解决腐蚀疲劳条件下无法由断口判读获得(a,N)数据集以确定裂纹扩展公式参数的问题,提出了确定疲劳裂纹扩展参数的寿命反推方法。通过与用(a,N)数据集全部数据拟合结果的比较,证明该方法在指数b=1的情况下适用,而在b≠1时偏差较大;指定破坏概率的载荷循环数和裂纹长度的比较结果,说明该方法的结果可用于概率损伤容限分析。      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.