顷发的发动机钛着火故障

钛合金是航空发动机中的常用材料，从20世纪60年代开始应用以来，钛着火故障却不绝于耳，在军用发动机和民用发动机中都出现过严重的钛着火故障，不仅有钛合金转子与钛合金静子相磨蹭引发的，也有钛合金的工作叶片与钢制机匣严重磨蹭而引发的事故，这些都应引起重视，并采取相应的措施。     

航空用高强度BT22钛合金的研发和应用

BT22钛合金是退火状态下强度最高的高强度结构钛合金,不受淬透性的限制,特别适合制造大锻件,在航空领域应用广泛。本文对BT22钛合金的热处理、性能和组织、选材应用等几个方面的研究现状进行了综合评述。     

BT20钛合金旋压件热旋缺陷形成机理及对策

进行了BT20钛合金大型薄壁筒形件热旋成形试验,研究了热旋过程中各种缺陷的形成原因并提出了相应的控制措施,在模拟试验的基础上获得了BT20钛合金筒形件合理的热旋成形工艺方案,并成功地旋制出了质量良好的BT20钛合金大型薄壁筒形件.     

航空发动机叶片轧制模具的CAD技术

在航空发动机研制中，南方航空动力机械公司工艺研究所，首次在国内轧制出钛合金风扇多级整流叶片和压气机多级整流叶片精化毛坯。本文介绍钛合金名片毛坯轧制模具ＣＡＤ技术的若干要点。     

航空发动机钛合金燃烧问题及涂层防护技术

本文介绍了航空发动机中钛合金零件的燃烧问题及其防护涂层在国内外的研究和应用情况，强调了在发动机中应用钛合金时考虑其燃烧问题的重要性，并对国内今后的防燃烧涂层研究提出了一些建议。     

MIKRON高性能五轴联动加工中心在钛合金叶轮加工上的应用

本文以钛合金离心式整体叶轮的加工工艺为例,介绍阿奇夏米尔集团公司高性能五轴联动加工中心加工此类零件的优势。在数目庞大的航空零部件中,航空发动机作为飞行器的动力核心,其零件的主要材料是钛合金和高温合金。钛合金零件多用于航空发动机的冷端部分(风扇和压气机等),而热端部分(涡轮机等)主要为高温合金     

航空发动机钛合金机件的阻燃技术

叙述了航空发动机钛合金零部件的燃烧问题 ,介绍了国外阻燃涂层和阻燃钛合金的研究和应用状况     

TC17钛合金惯性摩擦焊接头室温断裂韧性测试与分析

TC17钛合金主要用于航空发动机整体叶盘、转子和大截面锻件的制造。采用惯性摩擦焊工艺制造航空发动机压气机整体转子能够减少零件数量并有效地提高结构刚度。通过对TC17钛合金惯性摩擦焊接头断裂韧性的测试,可为钛合金惯性摩擦焊整体转子损伤容限分析提供技术和数据支持。     

曹春晓院士访谈

2008年12月25日,本刊编辑部专访了中国航空工业钛合金研究和应用的创始人之一、北京航空材料研究院研究员曹春晓院士。在访谈中,曹春晓院士介绍了国内外航空工业用钛的发展,钛合金用量在航空发动机结构质量中所占比例的变化趋势,金属间化合物研究的进展,以及在航空发动机未来发展中,钛合金与复合材料的应用所存在的关系。     

航空发动机钛火预防技术研究的进展

针对航空发动机防钛火的控制技术,结合国内外相关工作的研究状况,从钛火机制分析、防钛火阻燃合金的作用机制、阻燃钛合金体系研究状况、阻燃涂层的研究及防钛火结构设计等方面,对航空发动机钛火控制技术领域取得的研究成果进行总结和分析.重点论述了各国先进航空发动机中良好的钛火预防技术,并提出我国应建立钛合金启燃与环境(温度、压力、流速)的关系,从根本上解决了阻燃钛合金工程化问题上存在的风险.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.