飞机框肋零件橡皮囊液压成形回弹研究综述木

回弹是影响飞机框肋零件成形质量的主要因素之一,通过分析影响框肋零件回弹的主要因素,对框肋零件橡皮囊液压成形工艺的回弹预测及控制研究情况做了综述,并将预测方法归类为解析法、有限元法、人工神经网络法和试验法4种,最后总结分析了框肋零件橡皮囊成形零件回弹控制方法的发展方向.     

橡皮囊液压成形回弹补偿技术比较分析

橡皮囊液压成形工艺是航空钣金成形的主要方法之一,而回弹是影响其产品制造精度的主要缺陷。为提高航空钣金零件制造精准化制造水平,国内开展了大量的研究和实践,但各种方法的工程化应用程度并不理想。针对基于数值模拟的回弹预测方法和基于零件几何特征的快速回弹补偿方法进行综述,对比分析了两种方法的优缺点,并结合航空企业工程化应用实际需求提出将两种方法相结合的解决方案。     

钣金零件橡皮囊液压成形技术研究和应用现状

橡皮囊液压成形是钣金成形的主要方法之一,在飞机上有大量橡皮囊液压成形的钣金零件。橡皮囊液压成形工艺制造水平的提升,能大幅提高钣金零件的表面质量和疲劳寿命,从而改善飞机的整体性能。针对国内外橡皮囊液压成形工艺的研究现状进行总结,介绍了橡皮囊液压成形工艺的特点及应用领域,重点从钣金材料成形性能及工艺参数、成形缺陷、有限元仿真建模等方面综述了橡皮囊液压成形工艺的相关研究成果,对今后开展橡皮囊液压成形技术研究提供指导。     

飞机橡皮囊成形零件毛坯精确预示方法研究

 橡皮囊成形是飞机钣金零件成形的主要方法之一,其初始毛坯形状的预示是橡皮囊成形中的一个难点问题。针对橡皮囊成形的工艺特点,提出了一种基于一步逆成形有限元法的飞机橡皮囊成形钣金零件毛坯快速精确预示方法。首先将设计好的飞机钣金零件作为最终构形,然后采用一步逆成形有限元法进行初始毛坯的快速反向模拟,最后将通过该方法获得的毛坯外形应用到实际飞机钣金橡皮囊成形中,实验结果表明该方法可以快速精确地预示出飞机橡皮囊成形钣金零件的初始毛坯形状。     

橡皮囊液压成形零件常见缺陷分析

橡皮囊液压成形零件的常见缺陷有裂纹、起皱、回弹等，本文对这些缺陷逐一进行了分析并提出了预防办法     

基于宏模板技术的橡皮囊成形仿真研究

橡皮囊成形是飞机钣金件的一种重要成形工艺方法。有限元数值模拟技术越来越多地被用于分析板料成形过程中可能存在的问题。本文针对目前大多数有限元软件没有针对橡皮囊成形模块的现状,基于橡皮囊成形工艺,应用PAM-STAMP 2G软件提供的开发宏模板的功能,以一个典型的钛合金钣金零件为例,研究钛合金钣金零件橡皮囊成形仿真技术,为飞机钛合金钣金零件的橡皮囊成形设计和生产提供依据。     

飞机橡皮囊成形钣金零件毛坯预示系统开发

<正>基于一步逆成形有限元法的橡皮囊成形初始毛坯设计系统RBSE可以快速准确地预示出橡皮囊成形钣金件所需的毛坯外形,指引下料,有效减少实际生产中手工修整量,缩短生产周期,提高效率。构成飞机产品外形、结构和内装的主要零件基本都是钣金件,其形状复杂、质量控制严格,且对成形后的零件有明确的力学性能和物理性能的要求,所以加工较为困难。目前,航空工业主要采用橡皮囊成形方法来成形钣金件。这是由于橡皮囊成形中利用橡皮作为弹性凸模,用高压液体作为传压介质,在压     

S截面框肋类钣金零件回弹量预测与补偿技术研究及应用

根据框肋类钣金零件高效、精确成形的要求,发展了一种S形截面类框肋零件回弹量计算与补偿方法,针对变曲率弯边,通过离散为弯边截面单元,计算每个截面线弯边单元的回弹量和补偿后重构弯边面,对带加强边的内缘弯边,提出考虑修正系数进行补偿的方法,基于现有的CAD平台开发了相应的软件工具;以实际零件为例说明了该方法的应用过程.成形工件测量结果表明,零件弯边角度偏差控制在±1 °之内,实现了在新淬火状态下一步精确成形.     

高压橡皮囊成形工艺及应用（上）

本文简要介绍瑞典ＱＦＣ７．７万吨橡皮囊液压机的主要性能和结构特点，讨论影响液压成形质量的主要因素，总结用于军民品零件生产的初步经验，并通过几项典型零件应用实例，分析成形中的主要工艺问题、应用效果及模具设计特点，说明该设备泛工艺的巨大生产潜力。     

铝合金薄蒙皮零件成形工艺

通过分析铝合金薄蒙皮零件的结构及其成形工艺特点,拟定针对性工艺措施,设计了合理的模具结构,实现了该类零件在橡皮囊液压成形机上的液压成形。     

Advances and challenges on springback control for creep age forming of aluminum alloy

Creep age forming (CAF) is an advanced forming technology that combines creep deformation and age hardening processes. When compared with the conventional forming technologies including roll bending and shot-peen forming, CAF has many advantages of low residual stress, excellent dimensional stability, good service performance and short production cycle. It is an optimal technique for precise manufacturing for shape and properties of large-scale complicated thin-walled components of light-weight and high strength aluminum alloys in the aviation and aerospace industries. Nevertheless, CAF has an inevitable disadvantage that a large amount of springback occurs after unloading, which brings a challenge on the accurate shape forming and property tailoring of components. Therefore, how to achieve accurate prediction and control of springback has always been a bottleneck hindering the development of CAF to more industrial applications. After the factors of affecting springback and measures of reducing springback are summarized from the internal and external aspects, constitutive models for predicting springback and springback compensation methods for CAF of aluminum alloy panel components are reviewed. Then, a review of research progresses on tool design for CAF is presented. Finally, in view of the key issue that it is difficult to predict and control the shape and properties of components during CAF, the technical challenges are discussed and future development trends of CAF are prospected.     

Springback prediction of thick-walled high-strength titanium tube bending

Significant springback occurs after tube rotary-draw-bending （RDB）, especially for a high-strength Ti-3A1-2.5V tube （HSTT） due to its high ratio of yield strength to Young＇s modulus. The combination scheme of explicit and implicit is preferred to predict the springback. This simulation strategy includes several numerical parameters, such as element type, number of elements through thickness （NEL）, element size, etc. However, the influences of these parameters on spring- back prediction accuracy are not fully understood. Thus, taking the geometrical specification 9.525 mm × 0.508 mm ofa HSTT as the objective, the effects of numerical parameters on prediction accuracy and computation efficiency of springback simulation of HSTT RDB are investigated. The simulated springback results are compared with experimental ones. The main results are： （1） solid and continuum-shell elements predict the experimental results well; （2） for C3DSR elements, NEL of at least 3 is required to obtain reliable results and a relative error of 29% can occur as NEL is varied in the range of 1-3; （3） specifying damping factor typically works well in Abaqus/Emplicit simulation of springback and the springback results are sensitive to the magnitude of damping factor. In addition, the explanations of the effect rules are given and a guideline is added.     

Plastic deformation analysis and forming quality prediction of tube NC bending

Plane strain assumption and exponent hardening law are used to investigate the plastic deformation in tube bending. Some theoretical formulae including stress, curvature radius of neu-tral layer, angle of neutral layer deviation, bending moment, wall thickness variation and cross-section distortion, are developed to explain the phenomena in tube bending and their magnitudes are also determined. During unloading process, the springback angle is deduced using the virtual work principle, and springback radius is also given according to the length of the neutral layer which remains unchanged before and after springback. The theoretical formulae are validated by the experimental results or the validated simulation results in literature, which can be used to quickly predict the forming quality of tube numerical control (NC) bending.     

基于中性层偏移的Z型材滚弯成形回弹预测

以提高大截面Z型材四轴滚弯成形精度为目的，通过综合考虑材料属性、几何特征和成形半径等因素对回弹的影响，建立了引入中性层偏移的大截面Z型材弯曲回弹解析模型，研究了7075-O和7475-O铝合金Z型材在不同滚弯成形半径下的回弹规律，并进行滚弯成形实验验证。结果表明，与忽略中性层偏移影响的型材回弹预测经验模型相比，基于中性层偏移的回弹预测模型能够准确预测大截面Z型材的回弹量，在相同的曲率半径下，预测回弹变形的最大相对误差从11.681%减小到3.347%。     

凸弯边零件液压橡皮成形回弹数值模拟分析

液压橡皮成形是飞机制造业中的一种非常重要的方法。回弹是液压橡皮成形中常见的缺陷,并直接影响产品质量。为此探讨了回弹产生的力学机理,并利用专业金属板料成形软件PAM-STAMP2G模拟凸弯边零件橡皮成形的成形和回弹过程。仿真结果表明：应力的分布不均匀导致了回弹角度分布不均匀,下层纤维沿弯曲方向的压应力的较大值和下层纤维沿弯曲方向的压应力较小值对应于回弹角度的较大值和较小值。     

22MnB5超高强钢板热成形中的回弹机理分析

回弹是影响热冲压件形状精度的主要因素,为研究影响22MnB5超高强钢板热冲压成形中回弹的因素,在不同温度下对22MnB5高强钢板进行拉伸试验,考察了变形温度和应变速率对弹性应变和蠕变应变的影响,获得其热力学性能。通过等温度和非等试验考察了变形温度、热成形终了温度和压边对热成形后回弹的影响。采用有限元法对槽形件非等温热成形过程进行了数值模拟。从试验结果和模拟结果可知,热效应是引起回弹的主要因素,蠕变应变减少了热成形后的回弹量。蠕变应变和热效应是影响热成形中回弹的主要因素。     

An improved procedure for manufacture of 3D tubes with springback concerned in flexible bending process

Three dimensional (3D) tubes, which possess the characteristics of space saving, lightweight and high strength, are widely used in many high-end industries such as aviation, aerospace, automobile and shipbuilding. However, when manufacturing a 3D tube in flexible bending process, springback is a big obstacle for improving the forming quality. In this paper, a new comprehensive strategy for springback control of 3D tubes is proposed. The strategy can be described as follows: (1) define the desired shape and manufacture shape; (2) optimize the manufacture shape using two tooling design methods (e.g. DA (displacement adjustment) method and B&T (bending and twisting) method presented in this paper); (3) make a discretization of the manufacture shape to acquire the optimized forming parameters. Additionally, experiment is implemented to validate the effectiveness of the new strategy. Results show that forming parameters acquired by the new strategy are partially effective. The new strategy also demonstrates that, during 3D tubes forming, the deviation caused by over-bent elements can be counteracted by the deficient-bent elements. This principle is helpful to reduce the difficulty of parameter determination in future.     

整体壁板时效成形的回弹预测及模面补偿技术

时效成形是一种用于制造飞机整体壁板零件的成形工艺。由于其具有回弹量大的特点,需要开发一种准确预测成形后回弹量的方法,并在此基础上对模具型面进行补偿,以消除回弹对成形精度的影响。本文将有限元法应用于网格式高筋壁板时效成形及回弹的分析,并通过实验验证了有限元预测回弹量的准确性。提出了一种基于有限元回弹预测的适用于铝合金时效成形的模具型面补偿算法,并应用该算法进行了复杂高筋整体壁板局部件时效成形的修模计算分析。通过9次迭代计算,零件成形误差减小到0.4 mm以内,证明了该算法具有收敛速度快、精度高的优点。     

基于弹塑性理论的钛合金孔冷挤压回弹分析

为获得钛合金孔冷挤压后回弹量,提出基于弹塑性理论的幂强化材料孔冷挤压后回弹量计算方法。将TC4钛合金孔冷挤压后回弹量的试验测量结果与理论模型计算结果进行比较,验证了模型的准确性,同时利用模型分析了挤压量和初孔直径对TC4钛合金孔冷挤压后回弹量的影响。