航天扩频测控系统抗传统测控信号干扰研究

随着扩频技术的应用,航天测控网形成了传统测控体制与扩频测控体制相结合的局面,会出现潜在的相互干扰问题。针对这种情况,运用仿真软件建立模型,根据传统测控信号经过相关器后频谱的变化,分析扩频测控系统的处理增益,并详细说明了在扩频测控信号接收带宽内距中心载波不同位置的传统测控信号对扩频测控系统处理增益的影响,以及不同扩频码速率下系统处理增益的变化情况。最后运用本文的分析成果进行举例计算。     

COTS星载双模测控应答机基带设计与实现

提出了一种星载双模测控应答机基带设计方案,采用COTS（商用现货）器件实现,能较好解决星载功率受限和空间辐射效应引起的相关问题。测控应答机主处理器由反熔丝FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）实现,可在低功耗条件下保证最基本测控需求,解调上行DPSK（差分相移键控）信号,调制下行扩频信号;协处理器受主处理器控制,由SRAM（静态存储器）FPGA来实现,对上行扩频信号进行解扩解调。测控应答机可根据星载电源功率情况和不同测控任务切换模式,具有成本低、可靠性高、使用灵活等优势。     

基于盲源分离的Multi-Rate DS/CDMA信号 扩频序列盲估计

通过分析Multi-Rate DS/CDMA信号特性,建立的Multi-Rate DS/CDMA系统模型与线性混合的盲源分离模型一致,针对异、同步信号的不同特性,提出不同循环分段降维方法:对异步系统而言,采用2倍扩频周期为间隔对接收信号进行分割,利用Fast-ICA算法盲估计同一扩频周期用户的扩频序列,基于矢量2范数基础上估计各用户失步时间,并依此截取得到各用户的实际扩频序列,然后,循环至次大扩频周期进行盲估计,同时根据估计波形相似度归一化衡量函数消除最大周期分段序列,求解次大周期用户扩频序列,直至循环结束。对同步系统则以单倍最大扩频周期为间隔对接收信号进行分割,然后进行盲估计及降维处理。理论分析和仿真结果验证了本文方法的有效性。     

高动态扩频信号的捕获跟踪与解调

本文给出了一种高动态扩频信号的跟踪解调方法，采用数字平方环载波捕获跟踪，并实施数字下变频对无载波频率变化的扩频信号进行简单相干积累解扩解调，变二维捕获过程为两个一维捕获过程，简化了高动态情形设计方案。     

DS/FH混合扩频测速技术研究

由于DS/FH混合扩频信号带宽较宽,传输信道难以保证信号在宽带条件下线性传输,信号会发生群时延畸变,导致载波相位不再连续,影响载波的稳定跟踪,从而使测速精度降低。本文提出了基于跳频图案同步辅助的鉴频方案,可以消除相位跳变对载波跟踪的影响,实现对扩跳信号载波的稳定跟踪,从而提高DS/FH混合扩频测速的精度。     

基于DSP的高动态数字解扩接收机的研究

讨论了高动态、低信噪比、长伪码序列扩频信号的伪码捕获、跟踪、载波跟踪与数据解调方法。提出了一种基于高速数字信号处理技术和现场可编程逻辑器件 ( FPGA)的全数字高动态解扩接收机方案。     

基于层次分析法的直扩信号安全性能评估模型

在综合直扩信号风险分析、截获方法的基础上，率先对直扩信号安全性能评估模型进行了研究，建立了基于AHP（AnalyticHierarchyProcess，层次分析法）的直扩信号安全性能评估模型，详细给出了直扩信号安全指数的计算过程，并对多种直扩信号的安全指数进行了仿真。仿真结果袁明：评估方法有效；提出的模型可以定量评价不同直扩信号的安全性能，为直扩信号的安全性设计提供定量的依据。此外，还提出了卫星测控直扩信号的安全等级分类原则和卫星安全等级要求。     

扩频测控信号大动态信息高精度加载方法

针对静态扩频测控信号的大动态信息加载问题,提出了一种基于数字化处理的高精度时域加载方法。该方法对测距扩频码采用"存储—内插—查表—抽取"的方式加入动态信息,对载波采用调整幅度变化的方式加入动态信息。最后对该方法进行综合仿真:即用高精度时域加载方法得到的载波信号重新调制测距扩频码,得到含有动态信息的数字信号。仿真分析表明,该方法能在不改变原始信号采样率的前提下,实现扩频测控信号大动态信息高精度加载。     

基于贝叶斯模型的长码DS-CDMA信号扩频码与信息序列联合估计

 针对长码直接序列扩频码分多址(DS-CDMA)信号的盲解扩,在信号模型分析的基础上,提出了一种基于可逆跳跃的马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(RJ-MCMC)扩频码和信息序列联合估计算法。该算法分别对建立的联合后验分布模型进行迭代抽样,并有效地在不同维数的子空间中跳转,从而构造一条马尔可夫链,使其平稳分布为待估参数的后验分布,最终拼接得到每个用户的完整扩频序列和信息序列估计。仿真结果表明:该方法在迭代二十几步时达到收敛;并且在功率相同和不同条件下,当信噪比(SNR)大于-9 dB时,估计序列与真实序列的相似度均超过0.95,信息序列的误码率低于0.01;同时算法对不同用户个数和不同调制样式具有较强的适应性,与Fast-ICA算法相比,估计性能平均提高了约3 dB。     

时变微弱扩频信号检测

提出了一种解决微弱高动态扩频信号捕获的新方法,利用分数阶域滤波设计了伪码—时频联合匹配滤波的框架,最后进行了相关计算并给出了应用实例。     

Acquisition of Pseudonoise Codes in FH Systems

Acquisition schemes for acquiring pseudonoise (PN) signals in a frequency hopping (FH), spread spectrum (SS) system are presented. For the purpose of acquiring the PN code the received signal is modeled by an autoregressive (AR) process. The parameters of the AR process are determined by identifying a related set of parameters called the partial correlation coefficients. The power spectrum of the received signal and hence the PN code is estimated from the identified AR parameters. The high accuracy of the estimated PN codes permits the use of a simple error correcting logic to accelerate the acquisition process.     

GNSS receiver for GLONASS signal reception

This paper deals with the latest version of Experimental GNSS receiver built at the Czech Technical University and describes integration of GLONASS signal processing to the receiver. The new FPGA platform Virtex-D Pro by Xilinx is used and enables integration of whole digital signal processing of GNSS receiver into the single chip. The RE unit of the receiver is capable of processing all GLONASS frequency of the Li and L2 bands in two independent RE channels; each channel can process one band. The frequency selection of the appropriate satellite is accomplished in a digital correlator. The development flow of the GLONASS correlator is discussed herein. The complexity of the GLONASS correlator with complexity of GPS correlator is compared. The developed GLONASS correlator was tested in Simuelink tool during development. The next test was carried out using GLONASS simulator and real GLONASS satellite signal.     

Multi-objective approach in GNSS code discriminator design

In spread spectrum ranging system receivers such as the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, a discriminator is used in the code tracking loop to provide an error signal for the tracking of incoming signals. Typically, the discriminator manipulates several correlator outputs to form the correction signal. A multi-objective approach is adopted here to design the coefficients associated with a multi-correlator-based discriminator to lead to a better performance tradeoff in large tracking range, acceptable multipath-induced bias, high sensitivity, free of ambiguity, and small variance. It is shown that the multiple-objective problem can be tackled via a quadratic/linear programming method, rendering the optimal coefficient vector for the implementation of the discriminator. In addition, as the discriminator design is often subject to conflicting requirements, it is shown that the proposed design approach is capable of establishing bounds on achievable performance. Examples with respect to BPSK (binary phase-shift keying) NRZ (nonreturn-to-zero), and BOC (binary-offset carrier) signals are given to illustrate the design approach.     

伽利略系统的当前频率和信号设计方案

本文简要介绍伽利略系统最新提出的频率和信号设计方案,涉及方案设计基本要求、频率和信号基本方案、各种导航信号的调制体制、所用扩频测距伪码、性能参数、时间与坐标参考系等。     

深空测控再生伪码测距技术研究

针对深空测控任务中低信噪比情况下的航天器高精度测距问题,对再生伪码测距技术进行论述。介绍再生伪码测距技术原理,再生伪码测距通过再生方式消除信号上行链路噪声,提高了信噪比,但需要复杂的相关器;分析再生伪码测距采用的陶思沃斯码结构,详细论述再生伪码测距信号的地面上行、星上再生、地面下行处理过程,重点介绍各处理过程中的指标条件,并对再生伪码测距进行误差分析;重点对比分析再生伪码测距与传统透明转发测距,指出前者适合于深空低信噪比条件下的高精度测距,后者适用于近地高信噪比条件下的测距。     

Mismatched Filtering of Sonar Signals

A replica correlator (matched filter) is an optimum processor for a receiver employing a pulse of continuous wave (CW) signal in a white Gaussian noise background. In an active sonar, however, when the target of interest has low Doppler shift and is embedded in a high reverberation background, this is not so. High sidelobes of the correlator frequency response pass a significant portion of the signal contained in the mainlobe of the reverberation spectrum. In order to reduce the sidelobes of the correlator output spectrum and at the same time keep the increase in its 3 dB bandwidth to a small amount, we propose lengthening of the replica of the transmitted signal and weighting it by a Kaiser window. It is demonstrated that by extending the weighted replica by 50 percent compared with the transmitted signal, it is possible to reduce the sidelobe levels to at least 40 dB below the mainlobe peak, with the concomitant increase of the 3 dB band-width by less than 5 percent. The degradation in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance for such a ?mismatched? filter receiver with respect to the matched filter is less than 1.5 dB.     

基于二相编码的探测干扰一体化信号波形设计与仿真

如今,在信号处理技术飞速发展的背景下,针对传统的雷达信号设计暴露出的功能单一、低截获性能差以及距离速度分辨力较低等问题,构建了 1种基于十三位巴克码的探测干扰一体化信号波形。文中对其调制原理进行了分析,对其中的二相编码序列分量、伪随机码序列分量进行自相关函数特征分析,并分别从模糊函数、功率谱角度分析其探测特性和干扰特性。仿真实验证明,探测干扰一体化信号样式相较于单一调制的十三位巴克码信号具有较好的模糊函数和功率谱特性,在保持二相编码信号良好的多普勒敏感特性基础上,具有更好的距离分辨力以及更 大的干扰带宽。     

宽带扩频阵列信号处理技术研究

提出了一种基于时域分析的复合加权宽带阵列信号处理新方法,该方法通过群时延、相位和幅度复合加权处理,可以避免复杂的频域聚焦算法,最后给出了处理方法的详细算法和实现框图。     

一种新的无人机数据链抗干扰技术研究(英文)

Based on the M-ary spread spectrum （M-ary-SS）, direct sequence spread spectrum （DS-SS）, and orthogonal frequency division multiplex （OFDM）, a novel anti-jamming scheme, named orthogonal code time division multi-subchannels spread spectrum modulation （OC-TDMSCSSM）, is proposed to enhance the anti-jamming ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） data link. The anti-jamming system with its mathematical model is presented first, and then the signal formats of transmitter and receiver are derived. The receiver＇s bit error rate （BER） is demonstrated and anti-jamming performance analysis is carded out in an additive white Ganssian noise （AWGN） channel. Theoretical research and simulation results show the anti-jamming performance of the proposed scheme better than that of the hybrid direct sequence frequency hopping spread spectrum （DS/FH SS） system. The jamming margin of the OC-TDMSCSSM system is 5 dB higher than that of DS/FH SS system under the condition of Rician channel and full-band jamming, and 6 dB higher under the condition of Rician channel environment and partial-band jamming.