多螺旋桨太阳能无人机横航向操稳特性研究

首先分析了大型高空长航时太阳能无人机由于超大展弦比和高效多螺旋桨带来的航向阻尼增量和航向操纵导数,接着分析了由此带来的横航向动态特性变化,并结合多螺旋桨的操纵特性,提出了多桨航向控制方法,最后进行了仿真验证.结果表明,分布式多桨布局对提高该类无人机的横航向稳定性有较大作用,以多桨的转速变化量最小为目标的最优化航向控制分配方法对超长航时飞行很有利.     

一种改进的巡飞弹侧向运动解耦设计

针对巡飞弹侧向平面内诸多不对称因素带来的航向通道和滚转通道强耦合这一特点,研究了巡飞弹侧向运动的耦合特性和解耦控制问题.由于传统的静态补偿器设计模型计算量大、适用性有限,为此提出了静态上三角形式补偿器的一般模型,该模型采用逆奈奎斯特阵列法,保留了巡飞弹侧向通道传递函数矩阵第二行的行优势性,然后具体针对格氏圆圆心密集区域...     

续航型无人机动力学设计特点分析

针对续航型无人机的任务需求和总体特点，从稳定性、指令跟踪精度、大气紊流及其它扰动抑制能力等方面，仔细分析了纵向和横侧动力学设计容易出现的问题，其中包括沉浮模态频率较大而阻尼比可能不足、高度控制器设计模型的近似要求、在反操纵区因为轨迹稳定丧失和非最小相位零点的存在导致基于俯仰角调节系统方案的不合适性、螺旋镇定和偏航姿态控制系统振荡及其非最小相位特性等；并提供了相应的解决方案，其中特别强调面向任务和动力学机理分析，以尽量获得简单而实用的方案。     

Predictor-based model reference adaptive roll and yaw control of a quad-tiltrotor UAV

An attempt is made to apply modern control technology to the roll and yaw control of a rudderless quad-tiltrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in the latter part of the flight mode transition, where aerodynamic forces on the tiltrotor’s wings start to take effect. A predictor-based adaptive roll and yaw controller is designed to compensate for system uncertainties and parameter changes. A dynamics model of the tiltrotor is built. A Radial-Basis Function (RBF) neural network and offline adaptation method are used to reduce flight controller workload and cope with the nonlinearities in the controls. Simulations are conducted to verify the reference model response tracking and yaw-roll control decoupling ability of the adaptive controller, as well as the validity of the offline adaptation method. Flight tests are conducted to confirm the ability of the adaptive controller to track different roll and yaw reference model responses. The decoupling of roll and yaw controls is also tested in flight via coordinated turn maneuvers with different rotor tilt angles.     

基于滑模神经网络的自主飞艇姿态控制

针对自主飞艇飞行环境的不确定性,提出了一种基于自适应滑模神经网络的姿态控制系统.平流层高空飞行环境对飞艇控制产生了许多不确定性因素,利用自适应变结构控制和神经网络方法设计了飞艇的俯仰通道控制器.非线性仿真结果表明:控制器能够适应对象结构参数及外部扰动的大范围变化,满足姿态控制稳定性要求,同时也消除了变结构控制系统的抖振,具有良好的鲁棒性和动态性能.     

Near minimum-time feedback attitude control with multiple saturation constraints for agile satellites

Agile satellites are of importance in modern aerospace applications,but high mobility of the satellites may cause them vulnerable to saturation during attitude maneuvers due to limited rating of actuators.This paper proposes a near minimum-time feedback control law for the agile satellite attitude control system.The feedback controller is formed by specially designed cascaded sub-units.The rapid dynamic response of the modified Bang–Bang control logic achieves the near optimal property and ensures the non-saturation properties on three-axis.To improve the dynamic performance,a model reference control strategy is proposed,in which the on-line near optimal attitude maneuver path is generated by the cascade controller and is then tracked by a nonlinear back-stepping controller.Furthermore,the accuracy and the robustness of the control system are achieved by momentum-based on-line inertial identification.The rapid attitude maneuvering can be applied for tasks including the move to move case.Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in terms of the saturation-free property and rapidness.     

一种方向舵-螺旋桨联用的全翼式太阳能无人机横航向控制方法

以全翼式太阳能无人机（UAV）为研究对象,针对无副翼状态下横航向控制问题,提出了采用方向舵偏转和螺旋桨差动进行横航向控制的方法。首先,分析了两个螺旋桨条件下该类无人机横航向的稳定性与操纵性;然后,基于线性自抗扰控制（LADRC）理论,以方向舵偏和螺旋桨差动为控制输出,分别设计了滚转角控制器和偏航角控制器。最后,结合滚转角控制和偏航角控制的优缺点,在L1轨迹跟踪算法的基础上设计了方向舵和螺旋桨联用的直线轨迹跟踪器。仿真结果表明：所设计的控制器具有较好的控制性能、鲁棒性和抗风性。同时参数整定过程相对简单,并采用实际可测的物理量,为进一步工程应用提供参考。     

模型跟踪和涡流控制在飞翼布局飞机上的应用

为增加小展弦比飞翼类布局飞机的操纵特性,并满足其对隐身性能的要求,将模型跟踪控制器和涡流控制器进行综合使用.模型跟踪是一种提高系统闭环响应并跟踪驾驶员指令的方法,通过此方法可使动态特性较差的飞机对动态特性较好的飞机输出进行跟踪,由此来改善飞机的动态特性.增加涡流控制可以进一步扩展模型跟踪控制的作用效果,涡流控制器使用变步长神经网络进行训练.结果表明,两种方法的综合使用可以有效地提高飞机的动态特性,通过增加涡流控制后,进一步增加了模型跟踪控制的作用效果.     

Drag Reduction for an Airship with Proper Arrangement of Propellers

In this article, the flow field around an airship with propellers blowing is calculated on the basis of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations with SST turbulent models. Modeled each as an actuator disk, the propellers are arranged at different positions around the body of airship in the flow direction. The numerical results show that the blowing propellers produce open outer flows. They drive the separated vortexes off the body thus reducing the drag coefficients. The results also show that the position after leading sucking peak is the best place for a propeller to blow. When the propellers are positioned after sucking peak, the longer the area which the propellers work on, the more the profile drag coefficients can be reduced. If the working position of propeller moves from the sucking peak forward to the leading edge, the friction drag coefficient will increase. The bigger the diameter of the propellers and the stronger the pressure jump, the more the drag coefficient will be reduced. The results also reveal that for the design of circularly-positioned propellers with space intervals, the more drag coefficient reduction results, the smaller the space interval is specified.     

过失速大机动飞机的飞行控制律设计

对新一代带推力矢量的战斗机在大迎角过失速机动下的飞行控制律进行设计,并进行了机动指令飞行仿真。引进推力矢量技术,建立带推力矢量的飞机模型方程;采用奇异摄动理论,将控制回路分为两个快慢(内外)回路,对每个回路分别用动态逆方法进行飞行控制律设计;并采用结构奇异值μ综合和分析的方法对快(内)回路设计了鲁棒控制器;最后所设计的控制律进行了机动指令飞行仿真,仿真结果表明设计的过失速机动控制律良好。     

基于变结构控制理论的航向平面导引规律设计

基于变结构控制理论．针对小型水面机动目标，设计了一种新的导弹航向平面导引律．并对导引律中所需要的目标运动信息给出了估算方法。由于导弹的动态特性对脱靶量有较大影响，为此．本文还研究了导弹动态特性补偿的方法。仿真结果表明．在导弹的动态响应特性较好的情况下，该导引律能提供很高的命中精度；在导弹的动态响应特性很差的情况下，对动态特性补偿后，仍可得到很高的命中精度。     

Phase plane design based fast altitude tracking control for hypersonic flight vehicle with angle of attack constraint

In this paper, fast setpoint altitude tracking control for Hypersonic Flight Vehicle (HFV) satisfying Angle of Attack (AOA) constraint is studied with a two-loop structure controller, in the presence of parameter uncertainties and disturbances. For the outer loop, phase plane design is adopted for the simplified model under Bang-Bang controller to generate AOA command guaranteeing fast tracking performance. Modifications based on Feedback-Linearization (FL) technique are adopted to transform the phase trajectory into a sliding curve. Moreover, to resist mismatch between design model and actual model, Fast Exponential Reaching Law (FERL) is augmented with the baseline controller to maintain state on the sliding curve. The inner-loop controller is based on backstepping technique to track the AOA command generated by outer-loop controller. Barrier Lyapunov Function (BLF) design is employed to satisfy AOA requirement. Moreover, a novel auxiliary state is introduced to remove the restriction of BLF design on initial tracking errors. Dynamic Surface Control (DSC) is utilized to ease the computation burden. Rigorous stability proof is then given, and AOA is guaranteed to stay in predefined region theoretically. Simulations are conducted to verify the efficiency and superior performance of the proposed method.     

飞机直接力动态解耦模糊控制系统设计

将模糊控制方法与动态逆方法相结合,构成了一种动态解耦模糊控制综合方法.用该综合方法对某型飞机的侧向直接力控制模态(航向指向)进行了分析与设计,并将其与动态逆方法进行了比较.结果表明,所设计的模糊控制系统不仅能够实现动态解耦控制,获得良好的动态性能,而且对模型不够准确或系统内部参数发生变化具有较强的适应性.     

Three-axis coupled flight control law design for flying wing aircraft using eigenstructure assignment method

Due to elimination of horizontal and vertical tails, flying wing aircraft has poor longitudinal and directional dynamic characteristics. In addition, flying wing aircraft uses drag rudders for yaw control, which tends to generate strong three-axis control coupling. To overcome these problems, a flight control law design method that couples the longitudinal axis with the lateral-directional axes is proposed. First, the three-axis coupled control augmentation structure is specified. In the structure, a “soft/hard” cross-connection method is developed for three-axis dynamic decoupling and longitudinal control response decoupling from the drag rudders; maneuvering turn angular rate estimation and subtraction are used in the yaw axis to improve the directional damping. Besides, feedforward control is adopted to improve the maneuverability and control decoupling performance. Then, detailed design methods for feedback and feedforward control parameters are established using eigenstructure assignment and model following technique. Finally, the proposed design method is evaluated and compared with conventional method by numeric simulations. The influences of control derivatives variation of drag rudders on the method are also analyzed. It is demonstrated that the method can effectively improve the dynamic characteristics of flying wing aircraft, especially the directional damping characteristics, and decouple the longitudinal responses from the drag rudders.     

喷嘴为执行机构的空间飞行器基于误差四元数的非线性姿态跟踪控制

研究带喷嘴空间飞行器在姿态跟踪机动时的多轴耦合非线性姿态控制问题。姿态运动学和动力学用误差四元数描述。通过线性变换将误差四元数动力学方程转换成 4个摄动双积分系统 ,并基于此摄动双积分系统设计了开关控制器。由误差四元数及其导数构成的抛物型开关函数决定了控制器中的逻辑。文章考虑了最短的姿态捕获路径、外部干扰抑制、和不确定参数补偿问题。控制器允许力矩矩阵为非对称 ,从而使喷气执行机构的安装有更好的灵活性。由于不需要目标的加速度反馈 ,控制器可用于对机动目标的跟踪。用相平面方法分析了闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性。仿真结果验证了控制方案的可行性     

BTT导弹的抖动抑制多模型切换控制

 基于线性系统特征结构配置和模型跟踪方法,以及优化工具,提出了可以有效抑制抖动的多模型切换控制策略,并用该策略设计了 BTT导弹俯仰 /偏航通道的自动驾驶仪。在导弹的整个飞行轨道上选取了若干点,分别建立起描述 BTT导弹俯仰 /偏航运动的线性时不变数学模型。对各个线性时不变模型,分别用特征结构配置方法设计反馈控制器对系统进行镇定。为了使导弹过载跟踪制导指令,又基于模型跟踪方法设计了前馈控制器。当导弹跨越不同特征点区域时,控制器要进行切换。为了减小切换时的抖动,针对切换后的特征结构配置反馈控制器,利用优化工具合理选取其自由度。仿真结果表明,所提出的方法令导弹的输出过载准确跟踪制导指令,而且切换抖动得到有效抑制。     

智能桨叶的实时模型与复合自适应振动控制

研究了智能桨叶的实时模型、控制方法与控制器的实时实现。首先,采用MX滤波器实现了对桨叶动态特性的实时在线模拟,给出了该滤波器的系数与所描述的受控结构模态参数之间的相互关系。接着,提出了一种新的复合自适应控制方法,它综合了自适应前馈控制和反馈控制的特点,实现了对桨叶阻尼和振动响应的控制。最后,在所建立的以高速信号处理器为中心的实时数字仿真系统上,实现了对单频、双频及变频、变幅值谐和激励下桨叶振动的控制,获得了良好的振动控制效果。     

PI controller relay auto-tuning using delay and phase margin in PMSM drives

This paper presents an auto-tuning method for a proportion plus integral（PI） controller for permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM） drives, which is supposed to be embedded in electro-mechanical actuator（EMA） control module in aircraft. The method, based on a relay feedback with variable delay time, explores different critical points of the system frequency response.The Nyquist points of the plant can then be derived from the delay time and filter time constant.The coefficients of the PI controller can then be obtained by calculation while shifting the Nyquist point to a specific position to obtain the required phase margin. The major advantage of the autotuning method is that it can provide a series of tuning results for different system bandwidths and damping ratios, corresponding to the specification for delay time and phase margin. Simulation and experimental results for the PMSM controller verify the performance of both the current loop and the speed loop auto-tuning.     

推力矢量飞机控制系统设计与仿真研究

针对某型推力矢量飞机提出了一套控制方案,较好地将理论与工程实践结合起来,解决了飞机在全包线范围内的飞行控制问题。该控制方案包括常规机动控制器、大迎角超机动控制器、控制分配器及轨迹跟踪控制器等几个主要环节的设计,完成的控制系统满足全包线飞行品质的要求,可实现对大机动轨迹的精确跟踪。最后,对此综合控制系统进行数字仿真并给出部分仿真结果,结果表明所提出的飞行控制系统设计方案是成功的。     

垂尾抖振响应的鲁棒-FxLMS主动控制试验

针对垂尾模型低阶模态抖振响应的主动控制问题,设计鲁棒控制器对次级通道进行反馈式阻尼补偿,建立了多模态的RFxLMS控制器,采用宏纤维复合材料压电作动器,开展了垂尾抖振响应压电主动控制的地面模拟试验。试验结果表明,RFxLMS控制器具有收敛速度快、控制效果好的优点,并且相比于单独的FxLMS控制器或鲁棒控制器,对垂尾抖振响应具有更好的控制效果。进一步开展了垂尾抖振响应主动控制的风洞试验。结果表明,RFxLMS控制器在多个试验工况下均有稳定的控制效果,并提升了控制系统的性能,垂尾抖振受控响应的RMS值比无控响应的RMS值降低了39.7%~48.1%。