不锈钢真空钎焊扩压器的缺陷检查与控制技术

采用钎料BNi94SiB980-1065,选择合适的焊接参数,对1Cr12Ni3Mo2V扩压器进行真空钎焊。借助金相显微镜,超声波检测仪,分析了接头的显微组织及接头的钎透率;利用拉伸试验机对接头进行强度测试。结果表明,在焊接规范为1180℃/30min的条件下,获得良好的钎焊接头。通过焊前清理、钎焊工艺、钎焊工装,对不锈钢扩压器钎焊接头进行钎焊工艺及质量控制,有效避免钎焊接头缺陷的产生。     

薄壁电池壳体焊缝部位配合间隙对电子束焊接的影响

空间锂离子电池现基本采用薄壁电池壳体,材质为LF21铝合金,用电子束焊接进行壳体封装。电子束焊接焊出的铝合金焊缝强度好,I级焊缝合格率高,故空间产品大多采用电子束焊接。但由于电子束焊接属于精密高能束焊接方法,对被焊工件焊缝的配合间隙有着严格的要求,所以通过一些列试验来研究薄壁电池壳体焊缝部位配合间隙对电子束焊接的影响,得到了相应的结论,以此来指导实际生产中零部件加工尺寸的设计和检验,提高产品可靠性。     

双层多支板流道组合件变形控制

双层多支板流道组合件是薄壁焊接机匣,与涡轮后机匣和外支撑环组合件连接,是低压涡轮部件上的重要连接、承力件.该件焊缝密集,结构刚性差,安装边连接孔和篦齿环槽口位置度、尺寸精度高,加工难度大.采用多种工艺措施控制焊接变形,增加辅助支撑减小加工变形,综合运用筒体胀形、焊接、激光切孔、机械加工等加工工艺,实现了薄壁双层多支板流道组合件制造.     

扩压器扭曲型面电解加工阴极进给方向优化及试验

电解加工(ECM)是一种非接触式加工工艺,阴极进给方向对最终的加工精度有重要影响。斜向叶片式扩压器轮毂面较为扭曲,针对其叶片型面电解加工,提出了一种基于遗传算法的阴极进给方向综合优化方法。该方法将夹角的最大值和阴极侧面与轮毂面之间的间隙方差同时作为遗传算法的评价指标,在保证夹角最大值相对较小的情况下,使得阴极侧面与轮毂面之间的间隙分布更加均匀,从而避免轮毂面发生余量不均或过切现象。为了验证该优化方法的有效性,基于优化结果进行了夹具设计并开展扩压器电解加工试验,结果表明,叶片型面加工误差小于0.12 mm,轮毂无过切现象,实现了该扩压器的电解精加工。     

多钎缝喷注器真空钎焊工艺

针对不同部位多条钎焊缝一次钎焊成型,开展采用BNi-2钎料进行喷注器真空钎焊工艺方法的实验研究。分析了表面洁净度、钎焊温度及钎缝间隙对喷注器密封性的影响。结果表明:钎缝间隙对由高温合金与不锈钢两种材料组成喷注体钎焊接头的密封性有显著影响。合理的钎缝装配间隙为10～15μm,此间隙使钎缝中的钎着率90%,并得到了内外部质量、密封性优良的接头。     

压气机轴向扩压器叶片断裂分析

为了确定航空发动机压气机轴向扩压器叶片断裂故障的断裂性质和产生原因，通过外观检查、断口分析、组织检查、硬 度测试等手段进行初步检验，并从材料、设计、加工以及环境方面进行详细的故障分析。结果表明：轴向扩压器叶片断裂故障为高 周疲劳断裂。在航空发动机工作状态下轴向扩压器发生共振，且在工作温度下轴向扩压器叶尖与后盖为过盈配合，此时叶尖与后盖 发生刮摩，叶尖出现毛刺及划痕，在轴向扩压器叶片从靠近叶尖的共振节线处共振应力最大点的叶盆侧开始产生裂纹，最终发生高 周疲劳断裂。建议增大轴向扩压器叶片厚度与前、后缘圆角和轴向扩压器叶片与后盖之间的配合间隙，以避免类似故障发生。     

离心式压气机模型级内非定常流动的数值试验

应用同位网格下的压力校正算法和滑移网格技术 ,在贴体曲线坐标系下 ,对离心式压气机模型级内部由于叶轮与叶片扩压器相互作用引起的三维非定常湍流流场进行了数值模拟。计算结果表明 ,在设计工况下 ,由于叶轮与叶片扩压器的相互作用引起的非定常干涉流动 ,对整级内部流动有非定常影响。速度场的非定常特性主要表现在叶轮与叶片扩压器间的径向间隙范围内和扩压器的入口处 ,在叶轮和扩压器叶道内部衰减很快。而压力脉动同时向流道的上下游传播 ,在叶轮和扩压器内部流动仍具有显著的压力非定常脉动。计算结果还模拟了扩压器入口处运动涡系与扩压器叶片的相互作用及其周期性衍灭过程     

组合式动量轮轮体组件真空钎焊

针对组合式动量轮轮体组件钎焊接头表面的加工状态 ,采用BNi- 2钎料进行了机械加工表面大间隙钎焊的工艺研究 ,并研制了轮辐、轮毂、连接块高精度定位的钎焊夹具 ,实现了轮体组件高性能钎焊     

中低碳钢的大间隙加填料真空钎焊

介绍了焊缝间隙为２ｍｍ的碳钢采用真空钎焊时，为了使焊缝与基体等强度所采用的填料，钎料及钎焊工艺。     

WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板的钎焊修复

采用真空钎焊的方法对WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板进行了修复,介绍了修复过程及工艺。修复后的叶片经目视及荧光检验未发现表面裂纹,该修复工艺已成功用于WP7系列发动机涡轮导向器叶片盖板的批量修复,年修复量约1000件。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.