Parameter Optimization Method for Gaussian Mixture Model with Data Evolution

To learn from evolutionary experimental data points effectively,an evolutionary Gaussian mixture model based on constraint consistency（EGMM）is proposed and the corresponding method of parameter optimization is presented.Here,the Gaussian mixture model（GMM）is adopted to describe the data points,and the differences between the posterior probabilities of pairwise points under the current parameters are introduced to measure the temporal smoothness.Then,parameter optimization of EGMM can be realized by evolutionary clustering.Compared with most of the existing data analysis methods by evolutionary clustering,both the whole features and individual differences of data points are considered in the clustering framework of EGMM.It decreases the algorithm sensitivity to noises and increases the robustness of evaluated parameters.Experimental result shows that the clustering sequence really reflects the shift of data distribution,and the proposed algorithm can provide better clustering quality and temporal smoothness.     

DAMAGE MECHANISM ANALYSIS OF 2D 1× 1 BRAIDED COMPOSITES UNDER UNIDIRECTIONAL TENSION

Coupling with the periodical displacement boundary condition, a representative volume element （RVE） model is established to simulate the progressive damage behavior of 2D 1×1 braided composites under unidirection- al tension by using the nonlinear finite element method. Tsai-Wu failure criterion with various damage modes and Mises criterion are considered for predicting damage initiation and progression of yarns and matrix. The anisotropic damage model for yarns and the isotropic damage model for matrix are used to simulate the microscopic damage propagation of 2D 1×1 braided composites. Murakami＇s damage tensor is adopted to characterize each damage mode. In the simulation process, the damage mechanisms are revealed and the tensile strength of 2D 1 × 1 braided composites is predicted from the calculated average stress-average strain curve. Numerical results show good agreement with experimental data, thus the proposed simulation method is verified for damage mechanism analysis of 2D braided composites.     

Identification of Time-Varying Modal Parameters for Thermo- Elastic Structure Subject to Unsteady Heating

A time-varying modal parameter identification method combined with Bayesian information criterion （BIC） and grey correlation analysis （GCA） is presented for a kind of thermo-elastic structures with sparse natural frequencies and subject to an unsteady temperature field. To demonstrate the method, the thermo-elastic structure to be identified is taken as a simply-supported beam with an axially movable boundary and subject to both random excitation and an unsteady temperature field, and the dynamic outputs of the beam are first simulated as the meas- ured data for the identification. Then, an improved time-varying autoregressive （TVAR） model is generated from the simulated input and output of the system. The time-varying coefficients of the TVAR model are expahded as a finite set of time basis functions that facilitate the time-varying coefficients to be time invariant. According to the BIC for preliminarily determining the scope of the order number, the grey system theory is introduced to determine the order of TVAR and the dimension of the basis functions simultaneously via the absolute grey correlation degree （AGCD）. Finally, the time-varying instantaneous frequencies of the system are estimated by using the recursive least squares method. The identified results are capable of tracking the slow time-varying natural frequencies with high accuracy no matter for noise-free or noisy estimation.     

DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRID RANS / LES CODE AND ITS VALIDATION

A computational code based on the hybrid RANSLES approach is developed. The hybrid approach com- bines the delayed detached-eddy simulation（DDES） with an improved RANS-LES hybrid model aiming at wall modeling in LES（WMLES）. In the code, the convective flux is solved using the fourth-order skew-symmetric scheme so as to diminish the negative effect of numerical dissipation. The Spalart-Allmaras（S-A） model is applied as a suhgrid scale（SGS） model. To validate the developed code, homogeneous isotropic turbulence and turbulent channel flow are simulated and the results are compared with experimental data and DNS results. The results of the isotropic turbulence show that the fourth-order skew-symmetric scheme is adequate enough and the model works well coupling with the convective scheme. The results of the turbulent channel flow agree well with the DNS data, the predicted velocity profiles at Reynolds number from 178 to 2 700 match well with the Reichardt＇s law, and the organized vortical structures are well captured.     

MAC Models in Thermoelasticity

There are two types of singularities in the linear thermoelasticity.The first one arises in the field of stresses if a force is applied to one point of the body.This singularity is physical and should be accepted.The second type of singularities is nonphysical and they arise in the fields of displacements and temperatures.There exist the nonlocal theories and gradient theories which have the goal to introduce the finite stresses instead of the infinite ones.The MAC model of the thermoelasticity is created to avoid the nonphysical singularities and it accepts the infinite stresses.MAC is the method of additional conditions,which allows introducing the new model to use the classical model,plus additional condition of the physical nonsingularity and/or condition of the good behavior of the solutions at infinity.The MAC Green′s functions for the heat conduction and for the elasticity could be introduced using the differential MAC models.The infinite and finite bodies are considered.The principle of superposition is applied to obtain the integral equations to solve the boundary value problems.The strength criteria based on finite stresses could be changed in this model because the infinite stresses are allowed.The strength criteria based on deformations are applicable.Classification of MAC models is given.     

Dynamical Model Updating Based on Modal Tests with Changed Structure

A new approach to modifying the stiffness and mass matrices of finite element models is presented to improve the calculation precision. By measuring the mode frequencies and shapes of both of the original and the new structures with changed stiffness and mass, the stiffness and mass matrices of the finite element model can be updated through matrices calculation and solving algebra equations. Taking a multi-freedom model as an example, the relation between the number of the modes and the correction precision of stiffness and mass matrix elements is researched. The facility and precision of the method are totally confirmed especially when the modeling error is known limited to a definite local range. The feasibility of the approach is proven by an effective engineering application to the model updating of a wing piece used in flutter test.     

DISCUSSION ON AVERAGE GENERATION OF TWODIMENSIONAL DATA SEQUENCE IN GREY SYSTEM THEORY

An unequal time interval sequence or a sequence with blanks is usually completed with average generation in grey system theory. This paper discovers that there exists obvious errors when using average generation to generate internal points of non-consecutive neighbours. The average generation and the preference generation of the sequence are discussed, the concave and convex properties show the status of local sequence and propose a new idea for using the status to build up the criteria of choosing generation coefficient. Compared with the general average method of the one-dimensional data sequence, the two-dimensional data sequence is defined and its average generation is discussed, and the coefficient decision method for the preference generation is presented.     

PARAMETER ANALYSIS ON CIRCULATION CONTROLLED CIRCULAR CYLINDER FOR NOTARTM TAIL BOOM

Lift on circulation control （CC） circular cylinder is calculated via numerical simulations based on 2D real- izable k-e epsilon viscous model and compared with experimental data. The simulation result shows an acceptable agreement with tested data. With the proved grid and simulation method, series of simulations are conducted to study the effect of parameters on lift. Single slotted tail booms under different clown wash velocities are optimized with the principle of generating maximum total moment around the main rotor shaft with same total power con- sumption. The results show that larger jet flow velocity, or smaller blow angle, or larger diameter of the cross section can help generating larger lift while enhancing the attachment of both the jet flow and down wash flow. Multiple slotted tail boom is better because it increases lift with same total slot width, and can increase lift by in- creasing total slot width without causing separation, also it helps generating high steady lift at a big rank of slot at- tack angles. To mount a guide vane （GV） at the exit of the slot, or shape the upper slot wall like a smooth-GV, or design the slot with an edge fillet is not recommended because it reduces the velocity of both the jet flow and the upstream of the attached downwash flow. Compared with other shapes of the slots, arcs-profiled slot performs better because of larger jet flow velocity and smaller blow angle. In order to generate the largest moment with same total power consumed by the entire NOTARTM system, total width of the slots and slot attack angle should be optimized according to velocity of down wash flow.     

ADAPTIVE HYBRID CARTESIAN GRID METHOD FOR VORTEX-DOMINATED FLOWS

An efficient compressible Euler equation solver for vortex-dominated flows is presented based on the a- daptive hybrid Cartesian mesh and vortex identifying method. For most traditional grid-based Euler solvers, the excessive numerical dissipation is the great obstruction for vortex capturing or tracking problems. A vortex identif- ying method based on the curl of velocity is used to identify the vortex in flow field. Moreover, a dynamic adaptive mesh refinement （DAMR） process for hybrid Cartesian gird system is employed to track and preserve vortex. To validate the proposed method, a single compressible vortex convection flow is involved to test the accuracy and effi- ciency of DAMR process. Additionally, the vortex-dominated flow is investigated by the method. The obtained re- sults are shown as a good agreement with the previous published data.     

Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver： An Efficient Approach for Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flows

A lattice Boltzmann flux solver （LBFS） is presented for simulation of fluid flows. Like the conventional computational fluid dynamics （CFD） solvers, the new solver also applies the finite volume method to discretize the governing differential equations, but the numerical flux at the cell interface is not evaluated by the smooth function approximation or Riemann solvers. Instead, it is evaluated from local solution of lattice Boltzmann equation （LBE） at cell interface. Two versions of LBFS are presented in this paper. One is to locally apply one-dimensional compressible lattice Boltzmann （LB） model along the normal direction to the cell interface for simulation of compressible inviscid flows with shock waves. The other is to locally apply multi-dimensional LB model at cell interface for simulation of incompressible viscous and inviscid flows. The present solver removes the drawbacks of conventional lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） such as limitation to uniform mesh, tie-up of mesh spacing and time interval, limitation to viscous flows. Numerical examples show that the present solver can be well applied to simulate fluid flows with non-uniform mesh and curved boundary.     

智能产品数据服务环境

提出了一种支持复杂工程系统多学科协同设计优化的产品数据管理方法及基于系统优化任务的智能产品模型数据组织模式。通过工程控制结构模型，定义了产品优化任务，并为设计任务自顶向下进行产品模型控制提供了途径。利用产品主模型技术实现数据的完整性，通过设计任务的语境模型产生数据高保真的分析视图以及关联数据环境实现产品主模型和分析模型的一致性。整个产品数据通过协作数据对象的封装，以WEB服务的形式，使优化设计人员通过网络透明地获取产品数据。为了支持基于INTERNET的协同产品开发，采用了基于OPENHSF的流格式作为产品数据的显示方式。     

基于AutoCAD中三维绘图的教学探讨

阐述三维绘图及观察三维图像的一些经验、技巧和方法，帮助学生轻松从二维转换到三维设计，以提高学生计算机绘图的水平和效率。     

某型涡扇发动机实时建模技术研究

通过对各部件特性的研究,提出一种简化部件计算过程的方法,该方法的最大特点是在某些部件的计算中使用很多通过试车数据所发掘的经验公式,用以代替那些繁琐的热力学计算,并合理选取初猜值,使模型能更快收敛,从而减少运算时间,提高模型的实时性。通过对比常规建模方法所建模型,可看出该模型具有实时性、稳定性好的优点。     

应用限制编程的信息模型内在检查方法

提出了一种基于限制编程(Constraint programmmg)的信息模型内在一致性检查方法，重点描述了EXPRESS信息模型的一致性及其检查。EXPRESS语言，作为标准制造数据交换的一个重要部分，广泛地应用于制造与信息业。中提到的一致性检查包括三个步骤：EXPRESS模型形式化，限制满足性问题(CSP)从形式化模型中的抽取和CSP的可满足性测试。本同时揭示了限制编程的一个新的应用领域：模型验证。     

带多个进气道的导弹通气模型测力试验技术研究

高速风洞通气模型试验是研究发动机进气对飞行器气动特性影响的重要手段之一。带多个进气道的大长细比导弹通气模型测力试验结果与国外参考值具有很好的一致性。试验中影响试验数据质量的几个关键技术问题及其解决措施有内流管道设计要求、流量调节位置的选取原则以及通气面积比的确定等。     

基于灰色时序的航空发动机磨损故障预测模型

把时序AR(n)预测模型和灰色GM(1,1) 预测模型两者有机结合起来,形成新的灰色时序模型的预测模型.以发动机光谱为例,经过实测数据检验,显示了其更好的预测效果.     

飞机失速/螺旋模型自由飞试验总体方案构想中几个问题的分析

本文对制定飞机失速/螺旋模型自由飞试验总体方案时必然会遇到的一些重要问题进行了分析,其内容涉及模型缩尺比例数 K 的最佳选取、确定飞机进入螺旋特征模拟高度 H_A 的依据、模型投放高度 H_m 的变化范围和试验模型质量 M_m 的控制问题。本文所作的各种分析和提出的原则对各种模型自由飞失速/螺旋试验研究具有普遍意义。     

基于Hammerstein模型的非线性建模与预测控制

所有实际的运动机构中都包含一定的非线性,对其进行精确的建模和控制是运动控制中具有挑战性的难题。文中提出了基于粒子群优化算法的RLS-PSO系统辨识建模方法,所得伺服转台模型具有良好拟合效果;对该模型提出改进的两步法,应用基于预测函数控制(Predictive functional control,PFC)的全局优化预测控制;伺服转台的仿真运行结果表明跟踪效果良好。     

结合逻辑和决策论方法的Agent模型研究

分析了目前Agent模型与实现相分离的原因,将逻辑与决策论方法相结合,以自主为前提,面对个体自主性和群体交互的社会性要求,研究如何建立理性Agent以及理性Agent构成的多Agent社会。对Agent的信念、愿望、效用、约定和意图等心智状态之间的关系进行了直观的描述,阐明了理性行为的决策过程,并采用量化多模态逻辑对该模型进行了形式化描述。完善了Cohen和Levesque的BDI模型理论,使其能更准确地反映理性A-gent的行为,为多Agent系统设计与实现提供了理论基础。     

尾族自由飞试验模型的设计问题

本文阐述了尾旋自由飞模型的设计要求和模型缩尺比例数Ｋ的选取原则；对影响模型质量ｍ＿ｍ的诸因素进行了深入的分析；剖析了真实飞机发生尾旋的高度Ｈ＿Ａ与模型试验高度Ｈ＿ｍ的确定问题；对模型的结构设计和回收系统设计的一些主要问题也作了简要的讨论。