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1.
可靠性技术的最新进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
简要总结了可靠性工程研究和发展的现状,并分析从人的可靠性、软件可靠性、学科相互交叉三个领域介绍了近2-3年来可靠性技术的最新进展和今后的研究方向。  相似文献   

2.
从中国航天器研制中的可靠性需求出发,介绍了我国航天器可靠性工程取得的成绩。分析了美国可靠性工程的特征,针对航天器可靠性工程在可靠性专职人员的配备、可靠性设计及应用、可靠性试验验证技术、软件可靠性技术、在轨管理可靠性技术和可靠性技术基础等方面存在的薄弱环节进行了分析,并提出了应对措施。研究结果可为我国航天器可靠性工程的建设提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
卫星太阳翼展开机构的可靠性分析方法研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对卫星太阳翼展开机构的可靠性进行分析研究.首先,简要地介绍了太阳翼的组成和展开原理,建立了卫星太阳翼展开机构的故障树,并进行定性定量分析.分析结果得出扭簧储存动力矩不足和展开机构卡死是太阳翼展开失效的主要原因,对此提出了相应的预防和改进措施.其次,从静力矩裕度、力矩和力矩做的功三个方面对太阳翼展开机构进行可靠性建模和分析.  相似文献   

4.
航天可靠性工作经过几十年发展.在可靠性技术、队伍及工程应用等方面都有了较大发展,一批专业可靠性研究与应用机构相继成立并发挥作用,在型号研制中积极推广了“三F”、应力筛选、可靠性增长试验、贮存寿命试验、可靠性鉴定试验等成熟技术,软件、非电产品可靠性基础研究已经起步.为全面提高武器装备的质量与可靠性水平做出了积极的贡献。随着科学技术的发展和环境形势的变化.武器装备的研制生产更具有高技术、高投入、高风险的特点,这对可靠性工作提出了新的要求。  相似文献   

5.
针对硬X射线调制望远镜(HXMT)卫星多载荷、高难度、高复杂度的特点,如何确保卫星在轨的安全并可靠完成在轨科学探测任务,是卫星研制过程中必须解决的问题之一。文章在梳理卫星可靠性、安全性保证工作重点的基础上,从卫星平台继承性产品的可靠性保证、面向复杂多载荷探测目标实现的可靠性安全性设计保证,以及整星贮存可靠性保证等三个方面,介绍了HXMT卫星可靠性安全性设计与保证的各项措施,可为后续相似卫星的研制提供参考。  相似文献   

6.
赵超  杨号 《航天电子对抗》2011,27(5):13-15,60
射频制导半实物仿真是精确制导武器研制过程的重要环节,其质量和可靠性直接关系到型号研制的质量和效率,目前在相关理论基础方面的研究明显滞后于工程建设。首先总结了在此领域的发展现状,指出了仿真系统精度分析与可信度评估的重要性;然后从原理性误差、设备误差、工具误差等三个方面,分析了影响射频仿真系统精度的主要因素及特点,在此基础...  相似文献   

7.
本文叙述了捷联惯性测量组合测试系统安全性、可靠性设计的重要意义以及其基本组成和主要功能。从测试系统自检、电磁兼容设计、三轴转台防“飞车”设计和数据传输设计等方面,阐述了在研制过程中提高其安全性、可靠性设计采取的措施以及试验和达到了技术指标情况。  相似文献   

8.
通过新研运载火箭可靠性强化试验工程应用,结合可靠性研制现状,研究分析可靠性强化试验与环境应力筛选技术、可靠性增长试验技术、环境试验技术等融合的创新思路,并提出三个流程化、一个关联化的闭环固化新思想等。  相似文献   

9.
人操作者失误的研究是人的因素问题的一个方面,由于飞行安全在很多方面取决于乘组人员能力的可靠性,因而这项研究对于宇宙航行是至关重要的,研究的目的在于检测在长期太空飞行中乘组人员的失误,航天员心理生理状态和作息制度特性之间的相关性。  相似文献   

10.
论述了航天型号可靠性工作的发展概况,指出了当前航天型号可靠性工作中存在的突出问题,针对问题从可靠性工作理念、可靠性工作体系及职责、型号可靠性设计、分析与试验、通用产品的可靠性工作和可靠性技术基础几个方面提出了强化航天型号可靠性工作的途径,指出了强化型号可靠性工作的具体方向,为开创航天型号可靠性工作新局面,推进航天型号精细化质量管理提供了准则。  相似文献   

11.
王爱玲 《火箭推进》2007,33(3):56-59
以液体火箭发动机试验故障的统计分析为基础,选用斯文人失误概率模型,对试验过程中人失误进行详细分析,通过选择重要人失误,把复杂的试验过程简化为五个连续的操作单元,建立人的可靠性分析事件树,用事件树分析技术得到所求的人的可靠度,以此对航天领域人的可靠性进行评价。  相似文献   

12.
Mars is a compelling astrobiological target, and a human mission would provide an opportunity to collect immense amounts of scientific data. Exploration alone, however, cannot justify the increased risk. Instead, three factors drive a human mission: economics, education, and exploration. A human mission has a unique potential to inspire the next generation of young people to enter critically needed science and engineering disciplines. A mission is economically feasible, and the research and development program put in place for a human mission would propel growth in related high-technology industries. The main hurdles are human physiological responses to 1–2 years of radiation and microgravity exposure. However, enabling technologies are sufficiently mature in these areas that they can be developed within a few decade timescale. Hence, the decision of whether or not to undertake a human mission to Mars is a political decision, and thus, educational and economic benefits are the crucial factors.  相似文献   

13.
Human performance plays a significant role in the development and operation of any complex system, and human errors are significant contributors to degraded performance, incidents, and accidents for technologies as diverse as medical systems, commercial aircraft, offshore oil platforms, nuclear power plants, and space systems. To date, serious accidents attributed to human error have fortunately been rare in space operations. However, as flight rates go up and the duration of space missions increases, the accident rate could increase unless proactive action is taken to identity and correct potential human errors in space operations. The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has developed and applied structured methods of human error analysis to identify potential human errors, assess their effects on system performance, and develop strategies to prevent the errors or mitigate their consequences. These methods are being applied in NASA-sponsored programs to the domain of commercial aviation, focusing on airplane maintenance and air traffic management. The application of human error analysis to space operations could contribute to minimize the risks associated with human error in the design and operation of future space systems.  相似文献   

14.
载人小行星探测的任务特点与实施途径探讨   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
介绍了载人小行星探测的发展现状,对目前美国基于"猎户座"飞船的载人小行星探测的概要方案进行了描述,包括探测器系统组成、运载火箭和飞行方案等内容。从速度增量、目标星引力等方面,分析了载人小行星探测的任务特点,并与载人火星探测、载人月球探测以及无人小行星探测的任务特点进行了比较。给出了载人小行星探测的实施途径建议,包括目标星选择、载人飞船系统设计等。讨论了其所涉及的推进、星际飞行安全保障、小行星表面行走等关键技术。研究结果可为我国开展载人深空探测提供参考。  相似文献   

15.
再论人力资本价值量的确定   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
新经济时代,人力资本已成为经济发展的基础和关键要素,如何确定其价值量已成为实施人力资源会计的难题。当前人力资源会计的两大分支——人力资源成本会计及人力资源价值会计虽然探讨了人力资本的计量方法,但可操作性有待提高。本文拟从另一角度审视薪酬的性质,并赋予人力资本计量方法之一——薪酬折现法新的内涵,从而提高了人力资本计量方法的可操作性并最终确定人力资本的价值量。  相似文献   

16.
《Space Policy》2014,30(3):149-155
The Global Exploration Roadmap reflects the collaborative effort of twelve space agencies to define a long-term human space exploration strategy which provides substantial benefits for improving the quality of life on Earth and is implementable and sustainable. Such a strategy is a necessary precondition to the government investments required to enable the challenging and rewarding missions that extend human presence into the solar system. The article introduces the international strategy and elaborates on NASA's leadership role in shaping that strategy. The publication of the roadmap, a reflection of the space landscape and multilateral agency-level dialog over the last four years, allows NASA to demonstrate its commitment to leading a long-term space exploration endeavor that delivers benefits, maintains strategic human spaceflight capabilities and expands human presence in space, with human missions to the surface of Mars as a driving goal. The road mapping process has clearly demonstrated the complementary interests of the participants and the potential benefits that can be gained through cooperation among nations to achieve a common goal. The present US human spaceflight policy is examined and it is shown that the establishment of a sustainable global space exploration strategy is fully consistent with that policy.  相似文献   

17.
At the time of the Apollo Programme, a first human mission to Mars was proposed as early as 1984 with the argument that the higher costs of human exploration would be more than justified by the increased effectiveness of human explorers. This was based on the Apollo experience, where "ground truth" measurements and sampling provided the basis for subsequent unmanned exploration of the Solar System. A human Mars mission is now not seen until 2030, at the end of a series of increasingly sophisticated unmanned probes. Each robot mission not only teaches us something about Mars, but also through experience increases our capabilities for the unmanned exploration of that planet. As a consequence, what a human mission would have to do becomes progressively more demanding. Any extended plan for the human exploration of Space will tend to be overtaken by advances in technology, and if this is not factored into the scenario the proposals will become progressively unrealistic.  相似文献   

18.
针对载人登月舱内失压应急返回过程中,不同条件下航天员穿着舱外航天服维持生存时的热舒适度问题,基于Matlab建立了人-航天服热模型。其中人体热模型基于Fiala模型建立,航天服热模型使用集总参数法建立。经过不同工况的对比,仿真结果与文献数据基本吻合,验证了模型的正确性。在此基础上,基于DTS热舒适度计算方法对不同失压紧急情况下的人体热舒适度进行了分析,得到了舱内不同环境下人体热舒适度、航天服所需散热量和通风气体湿度的变化规律,并提出了系统优化方案,为我国应急舱内压力防护系统的设计和生保方案制定提供了参考。  相似文献   

19.
概率风险评价(PRA)方法是一项成熟的量化风险评估技术,而可靠性相关数据不足,制约着该方法在国内载人航天领域的应用。针对这一问题,结合NASA的PRA工作经验,提出了一种适合国内载人航天PRA数据选用与分析的方法,综合运用产品的通用数据与特定数据,采用贝叶斯等数据融合方法,对产品进行量化评价。通过航天典型产品案例,与经典评估方法进行对比分析,结果表明,此方法更能反映产品的失效特性。文章提出的方法,可用于载人航天等具有小子样特征的产品PRA数据的选用与分析,为我国载人航天开展PRA工作提供参考。  相似文献   

20.
It is over 30 years since the last human being stood on the lunar surface and this long hiatus in human exploration has been to the detriment of lunar and planetary science. The primary scientific importance of the Moon lies in the record it preserves of the early evolution of a terrestrial planet, and of the near-Earth cosmic environment in the first billion years or so of Solar System history. This record may not be preserved anywhere else; gaining proper access to it will require a human presence. Moreover, while this will primarily be a task for the geosciences, the astronomical and biological sciences would also benefit from a renewed human presence on the Moon, and especially from the establishment of a permanently occupied scientific outpost.  相似文献   

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