共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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针对近圆轨道航天器交会或远距离伴飞相对测量导航过程中,测量信息不全情况下的航天器自主相对轨道确定问题进行了研究.给出适合描述较远距离相对运动的二阶近似模型,并在采用雷达或光学测量的基础上设计了扩展卡尔曼滤波器.数学仿真结果表明,在观测量较少或存在部分区域不可测情况下,通过扩展卡尔曼滤波算法能够以较高精度估计出目标航天器的相对轨道. 相似文献
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基于激光雷达测量的空间交会对接相对导航 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
激光雷达可以作为空间交会对接过程中的相对导航敏感器之一。本文基于线性H ill方程和经典双脉冲交会理论,给出一种两航天器多脉冲交会算法。结合激光雷达的测量值设计相对导航EKF滤波器。仿真结果表明通过滤波,激光雷达能够为航天器交会对接提供足够精度的相对位置和相对速度信息。 相似文献
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为实现伴飞卫星的自主相对导航,基于C-W方程提出了一种在伴飞卫星轨道系中建立简化的相对运动方程构成星上轨道递推、根据导航敏感器输出进行量测更新的导航滤波器,并利用衰减记忆滤波算法抑制系统模型误差对相对导航结果的影响。仿真结果表明,该滤波算法可实现伴飞星的自主相对导航。它不仅较C-W方程更简单,而且适于模型不准确时的相对导航,工程实现易。 相似文献
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针对地球静止轨道(GEO)上被服务航天器的远距离和非合作特点,提出一种高自主、高协同、多任务的编队空间机器人在轨服务系统方案,实现对非合作目标的自主交会接近。首先,分析GEO卫星轨道约束力小的轨道特征和非合作的信息交互特征,给出由操作空间机器人和监视空间机器人组成的编队在轨服务系统,设计交会接近相对测量分系统以及在轨服务飞行任务;接着,给出典型远距离交会接近的多视线相对导航方法与多冲量相对制导律;最后,进行远距离交会任务仿真校验,结果表明编队空间机器人交会接近方法是有效的。 相似文献
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自主相对导航技术是空间交会对接靠拢段的关键技术之一。Unscented卡尔曼滤波(UKF)是基于Unscented Transform(UT)变换的一种新型滤波器,它避免了扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)的线性化误差,不必计算Jacobian矩阵,而且其状态估计精度要比EKF的高。本文研究了基于UKF滤波器的自主相对导航算法。该算法根据追踪航天器上交会雷达的测量值,采用UKF滤波器对追踪航天器和目标航天器之间的相对位置和速度进行了估计,仿真结果表明该算法可以满足位置和速度估计精度的要求。 相似文献
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针对空间交会视线相对运动动力学模型具有时变非线性和参数不确定性的特点,提出了一种基于非线性滑动模态的自主交会变结构制导算法。通过将视线运动模型划分为横向和纵向运动模型,分别设计了相应的非线性滑动模态。横向滑动模态是一种由视线角速率、视线角和时间构成的非线性函数,而纵向滑动模态则是由距离、速率以及时间构成的非线性函数。然后,根据Lyapunov稳定性理论分别推导了横向和纵向自主交会变结构制导规律。横向制导实现了带有末端方位角约束的自主接近;纵向制导保证了软交会所要求的距离和速度协同控制。仿真结果表明,设计的方法在只使用相对信息量的前提下克服了交会模型的耦合非线性和参数不确定性,并能适用于不同高度圆轨道和椭圆轨道上的V-bar和R-bar自主交会任务。 相似文献
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采用自主导航技术,可以降低月球卫星的任务成本,提高其生存能力。现研究了利用太阳敏感器、地球敏感器和月球敏感器测量出的卫星-太阳、卫星-地球和卫星-月球方向矢量作为观测量,采用迭代最小二乘方法、定历元时刻的卫星状态,并以轨道预报的方式实现月球卫星的自主导航。对该自主导航算法进行了数学仿真,分析比较了敏感器精度、部分轨道参数等因素对定位精度的影响,总结了其变化规律。最后对比了迭代最小二乘方法与扩展卡尔曼滤波的导航仿真结果,结果表明前者具有更高的精度。 相似文献
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The PRISMA project for autonomous formation flying and rendezvous has passed its critical design review in February–March 2007. The project comprises two satellites which are an in-orbit testbed for Guidance, Navigation and Control (GNC) algorithms and sensors for advanced formation flying and rendezvous. Several experiments involving GNC algorithms, sensors and thrusters will be performed during a 10 month mission with launch planned for the second half of 2009.The project is run by the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC) in close cooperation with the German Aerospace Center (DLR), the French Space Agency (CNES) and the Technical University of Denmark (DTU). Additionally, the project also will demonstrate flight worthiness of two novel motor technologies: one that uses environmentally clean and non-hazardous propellant, and one that consists of a microthruster system based on MEMS technology.The project will demonstrate autonomous formation flying and rendezvous based on several sensors—GPS, RF-based and vision based—with different objectives and in different combinations. The GPS-based onboard navigation system, contributed by DLR, offers relative orbit information in real-time in decimetre range. The RF-based navigation instrument intended for DARWIN, under CNES development, will be tested for the first time on PRISMA, both for instrument performance, but also in closed loop as main sensor for formation flying. Several rendezvous and proximity manoeuvre experiments will be demonstrated using only vision based sensor information coming from the modified star camera provided by DTU. Semi-autonomous operations ranging from 200 km to 1 m separation between the satellites will be demonstrated.With the project now in the verification phase particular attention is given to the specific formation flying and rendezvous functionality on instrument, GNC-software and system level. 相似文献
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The PRISMA in-orbit test bed will demonstrate guidance, navigation, and control strategies for spacecraft formation flying and rendezvous. The project is funded by the Swedish National Space Board and the prime contractor is the Swedish Space Corporation. The project is further supported by the German Aerospace Center, the Technical University of Denmark, and the French Space Agency. PRISMA was launched on June 15, 2010 and after three weeks of operations, all on-board systems and units have passed an initial commissioning phase. Separation of the two PRISMA satellites from each other is expected by mid-August 2010.PRISMA consists of two spacecraft: MAIN and TARGET. The MAIN spacecraft has full orbit control capability while TARGET is attitude controlled only.The Swedish Space Corporation is responsible for three groups of guidance, navigation, and control experiments. These experiments include GPS- and vision-based formation flying during which the spacecraft will fly in passive as well as forced motion. The three experiments are: autonomous formation flying, proximity operations with final approach/recede maneuvers, and autonomous rendezvous. This paper presents system test results from two of these experiments as obtained with the flight-ready system. The system tests consist of a series of simulations performed on the flight model spacecraft with a large amount of hardware in the loop. 相似文献