立方体卫星电源系统及关键技术

在对立方体卫星电源系统调研的基础上,介绍了国内外立方体卫星电源系统研制基本情况和立方体卫星电源系统的基本原理,结合当前航天器电源系统应用实际及立方体卫星技术特点,通过对比提炼,对立方体卫星电源系统关键技术进行了梳理分析,重点对供配电体制、结构拓扑、高功率密度实现、接口标准、系统功耗控制等关键技术进行了介绍,对各关键技术的特点、应用、研究状况、难点及主要实现途经等进行了分析。总结了立方体卫星电源系统发展趋势,指出了立方体卫星电源技术的发展重点,给出了立方体卫星电源系统发展建议。以上内容对立方体卫星电源系统的研制应用及发展,具有一定的参考价值。     

航天器百千瓦级分布式可重构电源系统设计

随着大功率通信卫星、高分辨率SAR卫星、大功率电推进航天器、核动力航天器、大型在轨服务站等对超大功率能源系统需求不断增强,100 kW超大功率电源系统成为未来大功率航天器电源系统的发展趋势。文章结合航天器电源系统研究基础,对100 kW电源系统的高压、大功率、分布式的任务特点进行分析,设计一种分布式可重构电源系统,提出了系统拓扑架构和相应的控制策略,并对高压大功率变换控制技术、多通道能源管理技术、高压大功率元器件技术和系统可靠性、安全性技术进行研究。对文章提出的电源系统进行软件建模和仿真,结果表明:100 kW电源系统拓扑架构和管理控制策略合理可行,系统稳定性较好,鲁棒性强,可为后续大功率航天器电源系统研究和设计提供参考。     

航天器表面带电的控制

作为航天器电磁兼容性的一个分支—航天器表面带电的控制已成为可靠性设计的一个重要部分.简要阐述控制航天器表面带电的设计原则,着重对下述各方面提出了卫星带电的控制措施和静电放电的技术设计,并提出一些技术规范:卫星整体和分系统;卫星结构;卫星的电子器件,电气部件连接、布局、接地和屏蔽;卫星表面材料和结构材料的选取;热控制;无线电通信、天线;电源系统;姿态控制;有效载荷等.     

电源卫星在卫星体系中应用的初步研究

介绍了电源卫星的概念及其国内外研究现状。设想了电源卫星在卫星体系中作为卫星编队电源、地球卫星公共电源设施,以及深空探测和行星际旅行的"铺路"卫星等应用。讨论了空间发电、无线电传输(WPT)等技术,电源卫星工作效率和初步设计与可行性分析。     

空间飞行器总体技术学术交流会文集目录

序号单泣作者彭成荣堵桂扩{王景泉 陈月恨施伟磺,陈药力.砖伟民郭健,谷良贤舒伟民杨维廉罗刚桥10l1 论文题目航天器总体技术大型通信卫星平台技术发展研究展望21}}上纪的航天技术21世纪初国外卫星技术及应旧的发展趋势与启示主模型技术与卫星总体C八D集成设汁星载合成孔径雷达的未来展望多学科优化设计技术在空间飞行器总体优化的应用风云一号C星及其应用“资源一号”卫星轨道:理论与实践近地卫星避免在轨碰撞的轨道tjL动控制策略近地准圆轨道卫星的轨道机动小卫星编队飞行构形参数有设计一颗低成本的大学卫星新型空间电源(热离子核电源)…     

航天器的新一代太阳能电源——可自旋展开薄膜电池阵

目前世界上绝大多数航天器都是采用太阳能电源。太阳能电源从结构上分为体装式和帆板式两类：体装式是将太阳能电池安装在卫星的外表面,仅适用于自旋稳定而且功率小的卫星：帆板式是将太阳能电池安装在可折叠的硬板上．在太空将其展开。一般来说。电源系统约占航天器重量的1／4到1／3。随着航天器功能的增强．所需电力还在不断增长。因此．降低太阳能电源系统的重量并提高其发电功率．具有举足轻重的意义。     

基于G2的航天器故障诊断

基于故障诊断系统开发工具G2,研究了航天器故障诊断问题。并通过对某卫星电源系统故障模拟原理性试验台的故障诊断验证了该工具对航天器故障诊断的可用性。     

采用太阳电池阵和储能飞轮的电源系统设计与分析

飞轮储能装置具有比能量高、寿命长、任务期内无衰减等优点,可替代航天器中传统的化学储能装置。为论证太阳电池阵-储能飞轮电源系统的可行性,本文从航天器总体设计的角度分析了其关键设计要素,论述了其对航天器机、电、热等方面的影响,并给出提高系统可行性的合理化建议,以及针对低轨卫星的太阳电池阵-储能飞轮电源系统的设计举例。通过与传统电源系统的技术指标对比分析,表明太阳电池阵-储能飞轮电源系统具有较高的比功率,并在降低航天器质量、节约发射成本方面具有很大优势,在未来航天器的应用中具有很大的潜力。     

航天器微振动测试、隔离、抑制技术综述

对航天器微振动的测试、隔离、抑制技术进行了综述。介绍了航天器振动源机理分析与建模理论研究现状。分析了航天器微振动地面测试、在轨运行测试方法及其所用智能材料。阐述了挠性多体系统航天器的参数辨识和振动控制技术。讨论了卫星执行机构振动测量及隔离方法。给出了Honeywell公司卫星控制实验台、JPL的高精度干涉实验台、SSL的起源实验台等典型微振动仿真测试试验床,以及我国的研究现状。     

空间推进与电源系统轻量化的进展

空间推进与电源系统轻量化的进展朱毅麟推进与电源系统是构成航天器平台的两个重要服务系统。这两个系统都包含有机械部件和小量的活动部件。在小型科学技术试验卫星和深空探测器等小型航天器中，这两个系统的重量一般占航天器总重的６０％以上，研制成本占总成本的３０％...     

Power system design of ESMO

The European Student Moon Orbiter (ESMO) spacecraft is a student-built mini satellite being designed for a mission to the Moon. Designing and launching mini satellites are becoming a current trend in the space sector since they provide an economic way to perform innovative scientific experiments and in-flight demonstration of novel space technologies. The generation, storage, control, and distribution of the electrical power in a mini satellite represents unique challenges to the power engineer since the mass and volume restrictions are very stringent. Regardless of these problems, every subsystem and payload equipment must be operated within their specified voltage band whenever they required to be turned on. This paper presents the preliminary design of a lightweight, compact, and reliable power system for ESMO that can generate 720 W. Some of the key components of the EPS include ultra triple-junction (UTJ) GaAs solar cells controlled by maximum power point trackers, and high efficiency Li-ion secondary batteries recharged in parallel.     

The Use of a Solar Electrojet Propulsion System for Jupiter Satellite Injection

The problem of optimization of the interplanetary trajectory of flight for a multistage spacecraft with high- and low-thrust engines into the Jupiter satellite orbit is considered. Low-thrust engines (stationary plasma engines) are used on a heliocentric flight segment. Their operation is maintained with electric power supply from solar batteries. The principal feasibility of the realization of such a project is shown, and estimations of the mass of a spacecraft placed into Jupiter's satellite orbit are presented.     

一种空间锂离子电池非耗散型均衡方法

针对空间锂离子电池串联使用的单体电压均衡问题,文章提出一种应用双向反激DC/AC变换器的非能量耗散型均衡控制方法。串联锂离子电池中容量较高的单体能量可以通过DC/AC变换器,在时序脉冲的控制下,经过公用母线进入容量较低的单体,从而实现单体之间电压的均衡。通过对变压器副边电压的分时采集可提供单体电压遥测,避免了高共模电压条件对测量带来的影响。文章利用Multisim软件对所提出的方法的功能和性能进行了仿真分析,结果证明了其有效性。     

甚小型卫星发展综述

介绍了立方星(CubeSat)、片上卫星(SpaceChip)、印制电路板卫星(PCBSat)、多芯片组件卫星(MCMSat)4种甚小型卫星的发展情况和技术特点。CubeSat技术最为成熟,已发射多颗此类卫星,但体积固定,成本较高;SpaceChip是卫星小型化的最终目标,它成本最低,集成度最高,体积最小,但通信距离较短;PCBSat的成本和性能居中,设计复杂度低,且元器件有商用现货供应,但功耗较大;MCMSat综合了PCBSat和SpaceChip的技术特点,技术复杂。我国甚小型卫星可选择优先发展PCBSat;重点突破商用现货元器件的筛选,以及空间应用技术、一体化姿态控制技术、新型微推进技术、轻型高效的蓄电池和太阳电池技术等。     

Experimental investigation of the modes of operation of uncontrolled attitude motion of the Progress spacecraft

Results of in-flight tests of three modes of uncontrolled attitude motion of the Progress spacecraft are described. These proposed modes of experiments related to microgravity are as follows: (1) triaxial gravitational orientation, (2) gravitational orientation of the rotating satellite, and (3) spin-up in the plane of the orbit around the axis of the maximum moment of inertia. The tests were carried out from May 24 to June 1, 2004 onboard the spacecraft Progress M1-11. The actual motion of this spacecraft with respect to its center of mass, in the above-mentioned modes, was determined by telemetric information about an electric current tapped off from solar batteries. The values of the current obtained during a time interval of several hours were processed jointly using the least squares method by integration of the equations of the spacecraft’s attitude motion. The processing resulted in estimation of the initial conditions of motion and of the parameters of mathematical models used. For the obtained motions the quasi-static component of microaccelerations was computed at a point onboard, where installation of experimental equipment is possible.     

我国航天器带电技术研究进展

航天器与空间带电粒子环境相互作用引起的带电现象是其在轨发生故障和异常的重要因素。近年来,随着航天器性能的提升和技术发展,航天器带电技术研究的范围也大大扩展。文章简要回顾了我国航天器带电技术发展的历史,并从理论研究、地面模拟试验、数值模拟和带电防护等方面介绍国内航天器带电技术研究的进展。     

Super-capacitor energy storage for micro-satellites: Feasibility and potential mission applications

Small satellites, weighting between 100 and 200 kg, have witnessed increasing use for a variety of space applications including remote sensing constellations and technology demonstrations. The energy storage/stored power demands of most spacecraft, including small satellites, are currently accommodated by rechargeable batteries—typically nickel–cadmium cells (specific energy of 50 Wh kg⁻¹), or more recently lithium-ion cells (150 Wh kg⁻¹). High energy density is a primary concern for spacecraft energy storage design, and these batteries have been sufficient for most applications. However, constraints on the allowable on-board battery size have limited peak power performance such that the maximum power supply capability of small satellites currently ranges between only 70 and 200 W. This relatively low maximum power limits the capabilities of small satellites in terms of payload design and selection. In order to enhance these satellites' power performance, the research reported in this paper focused on the implementation of super-capacitors as practical rechargeable energy storage medium, and as an alternative to chemical batteries. Compared to batteries, some super-capacitors are able to supply high power at high energy-efficiency, but unfortunately they still have a very low energy density (5–30 Wh kg⁻¹). However, the provision of this high power capability would considerably widen the range of small satellite applications.     

我国航天器环境工程的发展进程

文章介绍了不同时期航天器环境模拟设备的研制,论述了航天器环境工程的发展。它在20世纪60～80年代为我国应用卫星的发展、90年代为载人航天的发展作出了重大贡献。航天器环境工程的发展已形成了一门多学科综合的新型学科。     

The critical satellite technical issues of future pervasive broadband low-cost communication networks

Using a baseline design for a 30/20 GHz system, this paper addresses the critical technical issues of signal waveform design, projected spacecraft technology, satellite launch options and satellite cost. With DPCM (differential pulse-coded modulation) video signal encoding, 32 Mb/s user-to-user data rate per channel, 10% overhead, two orthogonal polarizations, and crosstalk loss limited to 1 dB, TFM (tamed frequency modulation—a type of QPSK) permits about 75 channels/GHz of frequency allocation, i.e. about twice the capacity possible with MSK or SFSK (types of QPSK). The BOM (beginning of mission) weight and power of a baseline 400-channel multi-beam satellite is about 1800 kg and 5000 W. Each 35 Mb/s channel can support 1–10 video channels depending on the signal processing at the ground terminals. These weight and power estimates assume hardened digital logic, composite material for a multibeam antenna structure, high-efficiency solar cells (45 W/kg), NiH₂ batteries and 10W/20 GHz power amplifiers. If more speculative late-1980s solar cell technology is assumed, then the BOM weight decreases about 10–15%. Using the Space Transportation System being developed by NASA, geosynchronous deployment options are shown as a function of communications capacity. Based on a cost model for large communication satellites, the total space segment cost of two active satellites and one spare would be about $485M. This system would have a peak capacity of 14 Gb/s or 400-35 Mb/s simultaneous one-way channels. Demonstration and/or initial system (ground plus space) costs would be significantly less. It is concluded that the above baseline satellite appears to be technically feasible in the late-1980s.     

国外中继卫星对航天器交会对接的测控通信支持

中继卫星系统的天基测控通信是近代航天技术的重大突破,它能够有效地满足航天器交会对接的测控通信需要。文章分析了美国＂跟踪与数据中继卫星系统＂（TDRSS）和欧洲＂阿特米斯＂（ARTEMIS）中继卫星对＂自动转移飞行器＂（ATV）与＂国际空间站＂（ISS）交会对接任务的测控通信支持,总结了国外中继卫星系统支持航天器交会对接...