A One-bit Memory Receiver for Channels with Memory

A receiver is investigated with one-bit memory for communication channels with memory. The memory of the channel is characterized by the statistical correlation of the received bits due to fading. An optimal solution to the problem is considered but is found to be quite complex to implement. Therefore, a suboptimal receiver having a decision-feedback structure is examined. The performance of the receiver is shown to be better than a receiver without memory. Binary on-off keying system is considered as an example and numerical results are obtained.     

基于加权线性响应面法的神经网络可靠性分析方法

在加权线性响应面法的基础上,提出隐式极限状态方程可靠性分析的神经网络方法。加权线性响应面法不仅形式简单、易于实现,而且可以很好的近似极限状态方程的设计点,但它却不能适应非线性极限状态方程的失效概率计算。神经网络对非线性极限状态方程有很强的近似能力,但神经网络的迭代不如加权线性响应面法那么简单易行,因此提出加权线性响应面与神经网络相结合的可靠性分析方法,这种方法既保证对设计点的精确近似,也保证对设计点附近的非线性极限状态方程的很好近似。与加权线性响应面法相比,本方法计算失效概率的计算工作量有所增加,但对非线性极限状态的计算精度却大大提高。算例充分显示所提算法的合理性和可行性。     

带有攻击角度和攻击时间控制的三维制导

 在三维空间导引动力学与运动学模型的基础上,假设目标静止,而导弹本身以恒速运动,根据实际的攻击角度与设定的攻击角度误差,分析和设计了期望的视线（LOS）角运动学,基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论设计了带有攻击角度控制的三维导弹导引律。为了对攻击时间进行预测与控制,假设导弹本身以恒速或者匀加/减速运动,先将导弹导引到预定的攻击角度上,根据待飞直线距离对待飞时间进行估算,再根据预测时间误差,确定导弹按照特定的圆弧轨迹机动飞行的指令和机动飞行的时间,通过机动飞行来对时间误差进行补偿,最后,再利用所设计的导引律攻击目标。给出了仿真结果。     

空舰导弹获取舰艇编队形状能力研究

利用舰艇编队形状(SSF)的预定目标选择方法(简称SSF方法)比传统方法具有更好的预定目标选择能力.为了检验SSF方法的适用性,研究了空舰导弹(ASM)获取SSF的能力.首先推导了末制导雷达(TGR)最小方位角搜索范围模型.据此模型可在给定发射距离下计算合适的末制导雷达方位角搜索范围,此方位角搜索范围既能保证编队录取概...     

A Correlation Polarimeter for Noise-Like Signals

Optimum estimation (tracking) of the polarization plane of a linearly polarized electromagnetic wave is determined when the signal is a narrow-band Gaussian random process with a polarization plane angle which is also a Gaussian random process. This model is Compared to previous work and is applicable to space communication. The estimator performs a correlation operation similar to an amplitude -comparison monopulse angle tracker, giving the name correlation polarimeter. Under large signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the estimator is causal. Performance of the causal correlation polarimeter is evaluated for arbitrary SNR. Optimum precorrelation filtering is determined. With low SNR, the performance of this system is far better than that of previously developed systems. Practical implementation is discussed. A scheme is given to reduce the effect of linearly polarized noise.     

Predetection fusion: resolution cell grid effects

If members of a suite of sensors from which fusion is to be carried out are not colocated, it is unreasonable to assume that they share a common resolution cell grid; this is generally ignored in the data fusion community. We explore the effects of such “noncoincidence”, and we find that what at first seems to be a problem can in fact be exploited. The idea is that a target is known to be confined to an intersection of overlapping resolution cells, and this overlap is generally small. We examine noncoincidence from two viewpoints: tracking and detection. With respect to tracking our analysis is first static, by which is meant that we establish the decrease in measurement error; and then dynamic, meaning that the overall effect in the tracking problem is quantified. The detection viewpoint considers noncoincidence as it has impact on a predetection fusion system. Specifically, the role of the fusion rule is examined, and the use of noncoincidence to improve detection performance (rather than that of tracking) is explored     

Sampled-Data Control System Analysis Using the Poisson Summation Rule

A technique is presented which simplifies the analysis of sampled-data control systems. The use of a finite-term approximation to the Poisson summation rule, in conjunction with digital computer evaluation, is presented as a good alternative to use of the Z transform whenever frequency-domain analysis is required. The Poisson summation rule is reviewed and its application to sampled-data system analysis is discussed. The form of the computer program used in the analysis is presented, along with a design criterion to evaluate the accuracy of the technique. A detailed example of a typical application is presented.     

一种联邦卡尔曼滤波渐变型故障容错方法

具有良好的容错性是组合导航系统的基本要求。组合导航系统易于完成突变型故障的检测与容错,对渐变型故障的检测与容错则较为困难。文中以联邦卡尔曼滤波为组合导航系统状态估计方法,针对渐变型故障,提出了观测品质的概念及其模糊评估方法,应用观测品质进行了导航系统的渐变型故障检测,利用观测品质构成局部滤波器估计均方误差阵的修正矩阵,设计了组合导航系统智能自适应渐变型故障容错方法并完成了仿真运算。     

Discrete-time min-max tracking

The problem of optimal state estimation of linear discrete-time systems with measured outputs that are corrupted by additive white noise is addressed. Such estimation is often encountered in problems of target tracking where the target dynamics is driven by finite energy signals, whereas the measurement noise is approximated by white noise. The relevant cost function for such tracking problems is the expected value of the standard H/sub /spl infin// performance index, with respect to the measurement noise statistics. The estimator, serving as a tracking filter, tries to minimize the mean-square estimation error, and the exogenous disturbance, which may represent the target maneuvers, tries to maximize this error while being penalized for its energy. The solution, which is obtained by completing the cost function to squares, is shown to satisfy also the matrix version of the maximum principle. The solution is derived in terms of two coupled Riccati difference equations from which the filter gains are derived. In the case where an infinite penalty is imposed on the energy of the exogenous disturbance, the celebrated discrete-time Kalman filter is recovered. A local iterations scheme which is based on linear matrix inequalities is proposed to solve these equations. An illustrative example is given where the velocity of a maneuvering target has to be estimated utilizing noisy measurements of the target position.     

基于可达集方法的结冰飞机着陆阶段安全风险评估

飞机在着陆过程中极易发生结冰的现象,结冰对飞行安全造成的危害极为严重。结冰导致飞机发生危险的原因是由于机翼或尾翼被冰层覆盖后空气动力学行为发生改变,飞机受力异常难以控制。为分析结冰后飞机的稳定性以保证飞行安全,以飞机纵向动力学系统为分析对象,将飞机结冰后状态的描述以可达集的形式进行,直观地判断飞机状态是否可控,以此确定飞机是否处于安全状态。以求解所得的可达集为基础,利用极值定理分析结冰飞机的风险概率模型,由模型计算不同情况下飞机的风险概率,最终得到飞机着陆阶段的安全风险评估结果,并由评估结果指导驾驶员操纵,从而保证飞机的安全飞行。     

多目标决策的交互式maximin方法及其在资源分配中的应用

多目标决策的交互式ｍａｘｉｍｉｎ方法一直没有解决如何根据决策者的愿望（特别是变化了的愿望）调整满意解。本文研究了调整原理,调整过程中所要调整的参数具有明确的实际意义。将交互式ｍａｘｉｍｉｎ方法应用到资源分配问题,建立了资源分配的多目标决策模型,并设计了系统分解协调的求解方法。     

一种攻击地面固定目标的变系数比例导引律

为了提高命中精度 ,减小控制能量的消耗 ,对攻击地面固定目标且速度随时间变化的追踪器 ,推导出一种以控制能量消耗最小为性能指标的最优导引律 ,其中剩余时间的估算不仅考虑到追踪器速度大小的变化 ,而且考虑了方向的变化。同时 ,为了满足某些追踪器在碰撞点垂直入射的要求 ,给出在铅垂面内攻击时具有修正项的变系数比例导引律。仿真结果表明 ,该导引律与常系数比例导引律相比 ,控制能量少 ,脱靶量小 ,命中精度高。     

Limit Cycle in a Four Sectors On-Off Tracking Loop

A simplified model of a bidimensional on-off tracking loop is introduced. By using geometric analysis in the time domain, it is shown that there is a simple mode of limit cycle which is stable in the loop for finite disturbances and for a finite range of change of the loop parameters. The consideration of the unsymmetric general case covers a wide class of cases in which the loop is subjected to constant velocity inputs. A nonfiltering assumption is defined which is needed to establish the connection between the simplified loop and practical systems. The main results are applied to a conventional symmetric loop. The analytic approach developed here is applicable as weil to loops in which the number of sectors is different from four and also to loops containing nonlinearities more complex than simple on-off, like hysteresis.     

Active damping control of vibrational systems

The problem of vibration suppression in large flexible space structure (LFSS) is investigated. Based on the structure property of LFSS, an active damping strategy is proposed to effectively attenuate the critical vibrations of the structure subject to modeling uncertainty and external disturbance. Control algorithms are derived with the aim of suppressing both the vibrating magnitude and vibrating rate to an acceptable level. It is shown that the strategy exhibits robust and adaptive properties and is truly model-independent. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the fact that it is fairly easy to set up the strategy and the overall computation involved is much less than any other strategies available to date. A two-bay truss is used to verify the validity of the proposed approach     

复合材料结构的低功耗冲击区域监测方法

复合材料凭借优异性能而被广泛应用于民用飞机结构,但复合材料结构可能会因冲击而产生内部损伤并严重降低结构的性能。因此,以低功耗方法不间断地对飞行器复合材料结构进行冲击监测就显得尤为关键。面向机载提出了一种基于反向加权和的低功耗冲击区域定位算法,该算法基于数字化冲击监测原理,依据冲击响应数字序列进行冲击事件的区域定位。算法运算过程简单高效,便于通过嵌入式软件编程至核心处理器,并显著减少在核心处理器执行算法所需的功耗、时间和存储空间,有利于冲击监测系统的低功耗设计和应用。此外,将算法应用在低功耗小型化冲击监测系统中,并评估了冲击区域定位算法在复合材料机翼盒段结构上的准确率。评估结果显示,低功耗冲击区域监测方法可以准确的监测每次冲击事件,且冲击区域定位准确率达到了96%。     

一种基于雷达波束驻留模式的空间碎片轨道参数估计方法

利用窄波束的单脉冲精密跟踪雷达波束驻留模式进行碎片探测是空间碎片环境统计特征描述的一种重要途径。由于该模式观测弧段极短,且无法获取同一目标的多个弧段,因而利用常规定轨方法难以达到理想的效果。在圆轨道假设下,提出了一种利用波束驻留模式获取的单个极短弧计算碎片轨道高度和倾角的方法。首先利用碎片的距离确定其轨道高度;在此基础上,根据推导出的不同波束指向时碎片的距离变化率与轨道倾角的关系,得出其轨道倾角。该方法对于正南、正东指向的雷达波束驻留模式均适用,其中正南指向时还需利用方位角和仰角数据来区分轨道倾角与补角;但不适用于波束指向天顶的情况。仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。     

电容成像传感器优化设计及其试验研究

为了减小电容层析成像(Electrical Capacitance Tomography,ECT)传感器相邻极板间耦合电容引起电容测量时的噪声值,设计了差分电极传感器系统并对差分电极与测量电极距离进行参数优化。实验系统采用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)直接数字频率生成模块生成数字量的正弦激励信号,通过D/A转化为正负交流信号分别对测量电极和差分电极进行激励。差分电极与测量电极到管道中点的距离比例约1:1.2时传感器灵敏度最佳,仿真图像误差降低至0.23,图像相关系数提升到0.84;实验中空场时的系统平均信噪比比普通传感器提升了5.10dB,满场时的系统平均信噪比提升了4.50dB,相邻电极对的静止电容减少至38%,而电容变化占用最多测量值,即62%。差分电极传感器系统经过电极之间距离的优化设计,传感器系统性能得到提升,通过实验验证其可行性,并且能够应用在滑油监测。     

Adaptive cubature Kalman filter with the estimation of correlation between multiplicative noise and additive measurement noise

Mobile robots are often subject to multiplicative noise in the target tracking tasks, where the multiplicative measurement noise is correlated with additive measurement noise. In this paper,first, a correlation multiplicative measurement noise model is established. It is able to more accurately represent the measurement error caused by the distance sensor dependence state. Then, the estimated performance mismatch problem of Cubature Kalman Filter(CKF) under multiplicative noise is analyzed. An i...     

全速位积分方程跨音速绕流的数值解

从全速位方程出发,利用Green公式将其化为激波捕获积分方程和激波装配积分方程,然后离散进行数值解。流场出现激波时,对激波捕获积分方程应用上风技术捕捉到激波,然后应用激波装配技术计算,得到了满意的结果。经算例考核,该方法具有计算区域小,收敛快和CPU时间较少等优点。     

狠抓基础,突出重点,扎实做好高校统战工作

加强高校统一战线工作,是新时期需要认真探索与实践的一个重要课题。高校统一战线工作的基础一是思想认识的提高,二是组织制度的落实。积极发挥民主党派和无党派人士尽其所能、建言献策的作用,是高校统战工作的重点和切入点。要紧紧围绕学校的根本任务,在实践中积极探索、寻找统战工作与学校中心工作的最佳结合点;要坚持党委对统战工作的领导,牢牢把握走中国特色社会主义道路、构建和谐社会这一统一战线的政治方向。