民用飞机机翼结构快速设计及自动化调整

为提高总体设计的质量和效率,研究了民用飞机机翼结构及整体油箱的设计措施,并在一个开放式飞机总体设计环境中实现这一功能.定义了飞机翼面坐标系,提出了机翼、梁/墙、桁条、翼肋和蒙皮的参数化描述及模型构建方法,建立了交互式机翼结构及油箱三维设计环境,自动获取结构及油箱的体积、重量、重心和惯性矩等物理信息.在此基础上,实现了机翼结构和整体油箱的自动化模型调整及几何体质量特性的自动重算,为总体设计阶段进行飞机重量、气动和结构的多学科设计优化奠定了基础.最后,给出设计实例说明了机翼结构的设计和自动化调整方法是有效的.     

运载火箭双维度极性检查方法与应用

运载火箭接口极性设计及安装的正确性关系到型号的飞行成败,为确保运载火箭在设计及生产制造过程中的极性正确性,提出了一种对设计极性和安装极性进行双维度闭环检查确认的方法。本方法已在新一代大型运载火箭中实现了全箭接口极性全流程闭环检查确认,加强了极性设计状态和产品安装实现的闭环管控,确保了接口极性设计的正确和匹配。     

导弹系统总体方案设计的研究

以空空导弹总体方案设计为例,简单扼要介绍了导弹系统总体方案设计的全过程,给出了设计流程图,介绍了方案评估时加权系数的确定方法及方案评估方法,这一方法有利于通过人机交互在计算机上实现总体方案设计,改变了传统设计方法,最后给出了空空导弹的设计结果并明确了使用时应注意的问题.      

船用CAN网络信息交换及监测装置系统的设计与实现

针对船用导航系统CAN网络化实施的需要,提出了CAN网络信息交换及监测装置系统的设计与实现方案。具体介绍了CAN网络信息交换及监测装置系统的设计原则、功能设计、硬件设计以及基于VxW orks的Z inc6.0的软件实现,并给出CAN网络信息交换及监测装置系统主界面显示参考实例。     

非对称复合材料结构特性分析及其应用

为了解决机翼的扭转发散、载荷重新分布及操纵反效和操纵效率等问题,基于非对称复合材料的各向异性及相对于普通复合材料更好的可设计性,以几种典型非对称复合材料层板的试验及计算为基础研究了非对称层合板的各种耦合特性,并进行了非对称复合材料机翼的设计,得到了满意的结果．验证了非对称复合材料结构在机翼设计中应用的可行性．      

卫星用无污染爆炸螺栓

介绍了卫星用无污染爆炸螺栓的设计过程,包括结构原理、设计计算及污染量的测定。     

纳卫星散热面与隔热层的联合设计模型与算法

纳卫星的被动热控系统对卫星舱内的温度控制及其有效载荷的可靠工作具有重要意义.散热面与隔热层设计是被动热控设计的两大关键环节.在对其进行传热学分析的基础上,建立了纳卫星散热面面积及隔热层厚度的联合设计模型和求解算法,阐述了应用这一联合设计模型与算法的具体流程,并以一太阳同步轨道纳米卫星为例,在客观分析其轨道热环境特点的基础上,对其散热面面积和隔热层厚度进行了设计计算、结果分析和仿真验证,得出了各设计参数间的制约关系,设计结果的分析及仿真验证表明:采用散热面和隔热层的联合设计可以得到较好的被动热控效果,这一联合设计模型与算法为纳卫星的被动热控系统设计提供了简便的设计计算模型和求解算法.      

新型压电式粗糙度测量仪的研制

8587A 型表面粗糙度测量仪,是采用压电式传感器的多参数仪器。本文讨论有关实验及设计问题。随机轮廓图形实验,验证了压电传感器测得的波形能真实地复现表面特征的实际轮廓。长波传输特性实验提出了测定仪器长波传输特性的一种实用方法。仪器的设计采用组合式结构,控制及数据处理应用8031单片机。对压电传感器进行了改进,并研制了抗干扰电荷放大器及程控放大器,使仪器达到了设计要求。     

工序尺寸参数设计的数学模型

由于工艺过程设计所涉及到的所有尺寸参数几乎都是耦合着的,因此采用人工的、凭借经验的方法进行工序尺寸参数设计常常效率甚低.为了提高设计效率及经济效果,建立了一种工序尺寸参数设计的基本数学模型,并给出了两个基本可行域的结构.该模型的建立不仅可用于实现工序尺寸参数设计的最优化和自动化,而且可用于证明已有方法的正确性及发现更好的设计方法.     

圆波导介质片极化器的设计

本文从分析入手,介绍了一种介质片圆极化器的设计。这种圆极化器结构紧凑、无需调试,可以方便地用于卫星地面接收天线系统,可获得良好的圆极化及驻波比特性。文中系统地介绍了该极化器的设计公式及过程;给出了一些计算曲线及数据表,可供设计者查用。     

星载相机地面电性能测试系统的设计与实现

根据新型相机结构复杂、载荷多的特点，针对性地设计并实现了一种新型星载相机的电性能地面测试系统。分析并总结了地面测试系统的设计需求，并且针对新型相机测试的全面性要求，设计并实现了整星和多种载荷的模拟接口；针对新型相机测试的可靠性要求，提出了冗余网络切换的测试系统设计方法并解决了数据库访问冲突的问题；针对新型相机测试的安全性要求，提出了针对冗余链路的测试方法和错误注入的测试方法。该系统已经成功配合完成了某高轨型号星载相机的研制，并交付使用。试验证明测试系统功能全面稳定，连续测试72h误码率为0，能够满足新型相机全面性、可靠性、安全性的测试需求。     

考虑FDR的测试性测定试验及其相关方法

针对装备研制过程中,缺乏试验手段测定产品测试性水平,确定其与规定要求间的差距的情况,界定了测试性试验和测试性测定试验的概念,在仅考虑测定故障检测率(FDR,Fault Detection Rate)的情况下,研究给出了基于功能相关特征矩阵和重要度特征的故障特征建模方法,构建了二元组故障特征模型,用于测定FDR试验的试验样本选取.在该种试验样本选取方法中,为了减少进行故障注入试验时,注入不同故障样本的工作量和复杂度,充分考虑了试验样本间的等效关系,定义了等价集合和等效样本的概念,并在此基础上给出了考虑等效样本存在的试验结果评估方法.该研究在某型导弹飞控系统中取得了很好的应用.      

基于日地月信息的航天器全弧段自主容积卡尔曼滤波导航

高精度全弧段航天器自主导航是航天应用技术的发展方向,是实现航天器在轨任务执行的前提和基础。文章对仅利用日、地、月等天文信息进行航天器全弧段自主导航方法进行了研究。首先,以航天器轨道动力学方程和航天器与日地月之间的夹角信息及地心距作为自主导航系统的状态模型和观测模型,构建了非线性导航系统模型。其次,给出了全弧段自主导航算法,在日月可见弧段采用非线性容积卡尔曼滤波实现航天器自主导航,在星蚀时段利用航天器轨道动力学模型进行高精度轨道预报。最后,给出了数值仿真算例。结果表明,基于日地月天文信息的航天器全弧段自主导航精度保持在2km以内,能够满足其自主导航的要求。     

光学捷联基准导航计算机设计与实现

为满足当前光学捷联基准解算精度高、低功耗、小型化的需求，设计了一种基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）和数字信号处理器（DSP）为核心的嵌入式导航计算机。对导航计算机（ENC）硬件设计进行了阐述，并重点研究了导航计算机信息处理模块（MPM）和数据采集通信模块（DCM）的协同使用，充分体现了DSP和FPGA联合使用的优点。其次，研究了基于主惯导航向和计程仪速度组合的Kalman滤波器设计，以解决长时间工作对系统精度的影响。最后，将该导航计算机实际应用于捷联基准中，通过半实物仿真试验，验证了导航计算机硬件方案的可行性和Kalman滤波器设计的合理性。结果表明，基于FPGA和DSP双核的嵌入式导航计算机性能稳定，设计合理，满足光学捷联基准高精度、低功耗的使用要求。     

Exploration of groundwater potential zones mapping for hard rock region in the Jakham river basin using geospatial techniques and aquifer parameters

Geospatial techniques are useful to understand the groundwater resources assessment, development, and management. Groundwater mapping is essential to counter the excessive withdrawal of groundwater and fulfil the need of drinking, irrigation water in hard rock areas. Currently, the main problem is facing the groundwater level is decreasing due to less rainfall, climate changes and increasing demand, which is under in the hot zones. This results can be more useful for future challenges, sustainable development and demand to Jakham river basin. The main objective of this paper to demarcated the groundwater potential zones (GWPZ) using geospatial techniques for the hard rock region with the reference of aquifer parameters. In this paper, we have used to total eight thematic layers such as geomorphology, land use, soil, topographic elevation, slope, post-monsoon groundwater level (GWL), net recharge, and transmissivity, which are prepared from satellite data and field verification. All thematic layers were integrated for assigning the weights to demarcation of the groundwater potential zones in the RS and GIS environment. The selected thematic layers and features were assigned weightage and normalized by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) technique. Finally, the thematic layers were systematically integrated using weighted overlay analysis within a GIS environment. We have classified into five GWPZ classes i.e. very high, high, moderate, low, and very low for basin area using GIS, and AHP methods. The study area result indicated that high and moderate zone, which is confined in the central part of the basin, covers 2.43 % and 43.88 % area, respectively. The low (49.21 %) and very low (4.25%) GW potential zone is under the confined aquifer in the high slope and rock outcrops formations near the basin boundary. The final GWPZ map was validated with groundwater level fluctuation data, which illustrates the accuracy of the adopted approach. This unique approach and conclusions of this work may also help to develop the framework and policies for swiftly analyzing groundwater recharge planning, development and locating the artificial recharge structures in the other semi-arid, arid and hard rock regions.     

火箭阀门动作量化检测方案设计及试验验证

阀门是运载火箭动力系统关键单机，用于推进剂的加注泄出、贮箱排气、承压安全、贮箱增测压等，实现阀门动作检测对确保阀门正常工作具有重要意义。宇航技术的发展对阀门动作检测提出了更高要求，目前，在飞火箭不能定量判断阀门的关闭程度及密封情况，为此，设计了一种动作可量化检测的阀门结构，并进行了工艺件试验和验证试验，结果表明提出的方案可实现阀门动作量化检测。     

ASTER spectral sensitivity of carbonate rocks – Study in Sultanate of Oman

Remote sensing satellite data plays a vital role and capable in detecting minerals and discriminating rock types for explorations of mineral resources and geological studies. Study of spectral absorption characters of remotely sensed data are under consideration by the exploration and mining companies, and demonstrating the spectral absorption characters of carbonates on the cost-effective multispectral image (rather than the hyperspectral, Lidar image) for easy understanding of all geologists and exploration communities of carbonates is very much important. The present work is an integrated study and an outcome of recently published works on the economic important carbonate rocks, includes limestone, marl, listwaenites and carbonatites occurred in parts of the Sultanate of Oman. It demonstrates the spectral sensitivity of such rocks for simple interpretation over satellite data and describes and distinguishes them based on the absorptions of carbonate minerals in the spectral bands of advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) for mapping and exploration studies. The study results that the ASTER spectral band 8 discriminates the carbonate rocks due to the presence of predominantly occurred carbonate minerals; the ASTER band 5 distinguishes the limestones and marls (more hydroxyl clay minerals) from listwaenite (hydrothermally altered rock) due to the presence of altered minerals and the ASTER band 4 detects carbonatites (ultramafic intrusive alkaline rocks) which contain relatively more silicates. The study on the intensity of the total absorptions against the reflections of these rocks shows that the limestones and marls have low intensity in absorptions (and high reflection values) due to the presence of carbonate minerals (calcite and dolomite) occurred in different proportions. The listwaenites and carbonatites have high intensity of absorptions (low reflection values) due to the occurrence of Mn-oxide in listwaenites and carbonates in carbonatites apart the influence of major carbonate minerals that occurred predominantly in these rocks. The study of ASTER thermal infrared (TIR) spectral bands distinguished the marls have low emissivity of energy due to the presence of hydroxyl bearing alumina-silicate minerals from the other rocks such as limestones, listwaenites and carbonatites which have high emissivity due to the absence of hydroxyl bearing alumina-silicate minerals and the presence of carbonate minerals and carbonates.     

The crustal dynamics data information system: A resource to support scientific analysis using space geodesy

Since 1982, the Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS) has supported the archive and distribution of geodetic data products acquired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as well as national and international programs. The CDDIS provides easy, timely, and reliable access to a variety of data sets, products, and information about these data. These measurements, obtained from a global network of nearly 650 instruments at more than 400 distinct sites, include DORIS (Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), SLR and LLR (Satellite and Lunar Laser Ranging), and VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry). The CDDIS data system and its archive have become increasingly important to many national and international science communities, particularly several of the operational services within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) and its observing system the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), including the International DORIS Service (IDS), the International GNSS Service (IGS), the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS), the International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS), and the International Earth rotation and Reference frame Service (IERS). Investigations resulting from the data and products available through the CDDIS support research in many aspects of Earth system science and global change. Each month, the CDDIS archives more than one million data and derived product files totaling over 90 Gbytes in volume. In turn, the global user community downloads nearly 1.2 Tbytes (over 10.5 million files) of data and products from the CDDIS each month. The requirements of analysts have evolved since the start of the CDDIS; the specialized nature of the system accommodates the enhancements required to support diverse data sets and user needs. This paper discusses the CDDIS, including background information about the system and its user communities, archive contents, available metadata, and future plans.     

基于凝结实验平台的音速喷嘴凝结现象研究

音速喷嘴中流动的蒸汽或含湿气体由于自身的温降而发生凝结现象,对音速喷嘴的计量会产生一定的影响。针对音速喷嘴凝结现象和自激振荡的复杂变化情况,利用一套凝结实验平台研究了音速喷嘴内湿空气凝结现象,得到了不同条件的喷嘴沿程压力,并建立了凝结流动Eulerian两相模型,对凝结现象的影响因素进行了数值分析,使实验结果得到了验证和补充。结果表明,载气的压力、温度、湿度会对凝结产生比较大的影响。凝结发生位置伴随载气温度、湿度的提高而前移,强度有所增大。随着载气压力的增大,凝结发生位置前移,但是强度相对减弱。自激振荡的频率与载气湿度、温度呈正相关,与载气压力呈负相关,振幅与载气的压力、温度、湿度均呈正相关。     

遥感图像云检测方法综述

光学遥感图像中云层会对地面信息进行不同程度的遮挡,造成了地表观测信息的模糊和缺失,极大地影响遥感图像的成像质量。因此,对遥感图像中云层覆盖的检测和评估是进一步分析和利用遥感图像信息的基础和关键。通过充分的调研和对比总结,梳理了20世纪90年代以来,国内外基于遥感图像的云检测方法的发展趋势和代表性工作。将基于遥感图像的云检测方法分为三类：基于光谱阈值的方法、基于经典机器学习的方法以及基于深度学习的方法。总结了当前国内外云检测公开数据集,并对比了部分代表性工作的云检测精度。此外,简要梳理了与云检测相关的云雾(霾)检测、云雪检测、云阴影检测以及云去除等方法。对当前云检测相关工作中存在的问题和未来的发展趋势进行了分析和展望。