低合金超高强度钢焊接冷裂倾向的研究

本研究采用自行设计的试验装置和试验方法,定量地评定了七种低台金超高强度钢的焊接冷裂倾向。提出焊接冷裂纹的形成及其延迟断裂为氢致断裂,通过改进焊接工艺(如预热和后热)可提高焊接接头质量。     

声发射技术在D6AC钢研究中的应用

本文讨论了声发射技术在D6AC钢断裂韧性试验、应力腐蚀试验和焊接延迟裂纹试验中的应用情况。结果表明,声发射技术可成功地用于测定D6AC钢断裂韧性中的开裂点与失稳点。声发射技术可以为D6AC铜应力腐蚀裂纹的扩展提供详细信息。对于检测D6AC钢的焊接延迟裂纹来说,声发射技术也是一种十分灵敏的检测工具。     

铍的YAG激光焊接裂纹敏感性研究

分析了激光焊接时为克服焊接裂纹所采取的焊前预热、短焦距焊接及焊接工艺参数等因素对裂纹敏感性的影响。结果表明：选择合适的焊接参数可减少裂纹的产生，但其作用有限，还不能从根本上消除裂纹。焊前预热及焊后缓冷对抑制裂纹作用显著，且随着预热温度提高裂纹率呈下降趋势。此外焊接中减少铍的熔化量对减少裂纹亦发挥了重要作用。     

低膨胀高温合金焊接性的研究现状

从焊接热裂纹的形成机理、影响因素及防止措施等多个方面系统地介绍了低膨胀高温合金焊接性的研究现状,并指出将焊接性试验、微观组织分析和数值模拟相结合,才能从冶金和力学两方面更清楚地揭示低膨胀高温合金焊接裂纹的形成机理及各种因素的影响,为最终制定合理的焊接工艺并有效防止焊接裂纹提供理论上的指导。     

铬镍不锈钢与碳钢焊接裂纹的治理

针对铬镍奥氏体不锈钢与碳钢焊接时容易产生裂纹的特点，在实际工作中，选用合理的接头形式、焊接材料、焊接方法和焊接工艺等措施，使基体金属的稀释率减少到最低限度，获得奥氏体加铁素体的双相焊缝组织，便可防止焊接裂纹的产生，获得稳定可靠的焊接质量。     

NF250摩托车后制动踏板轴组合焊接攻关

本文分析了ＮＮＦ２５０摩托车后制动踏板轴组合焊接裂纹的原因及其返修补焊的技术关键，着重阐述了对该组件焊接裂纹故障自动氩弧补焊攻关的工艺过程。     

短轴零件电子束焊接缺陷控制工艺研究

本文通过对某型航空发动机零件—短轴零件真空电子束焊接工艺过程的分析,介绍控制电子束焊接缺欠的工艺方法。通过工艺控制避免焊后极易产生的缺陷如裂纹、气孔等,使焊接后零件无缺陷。     

Al-Mg-Si合金LD_2焊接热裂纹研究——焊缝热裂纹

为了开发锻铝LD_2类合金广泛用做焊接结构,必须克服和解决其焊接热裂纹问题。本文对该合金的可焊性进行了分析,采用十字搭接和点加热变拘束裂纹试验方法,对LD_2合金不同热处理状态母材,利用两种焊丝、以不同熔合比,从冶金方面减少和防治焊接热裂纹问题进行了试验研究,并用几种评价热裂纹倾向的指标对试验结果进行了比较,从而得出了LD_2合金焊接时应采取的冶金与工艺措施。     

封严支撑环零件电子束焊裂纹研究

通过金相覆膜分析的方法，对GH141材料焊接裂纹性质进行了判定，分析了焊后裂纹产生的原因。采用改进焊前接头状态，降低零件焊后的残余应力，对焊道进行表面处理等工艺方法，有效的控制了应变时效裂纹的产生，解决了封严支撑环焊接的裂纹问题。     

焊接结构完整性数据库及专家系统

针对焊接结构完整性研究的需要,建立了焊接数据管理数据库系统,并在此基础上结合BS7910评定方法建立了焊接缺陷评定专家系统。该系统采用模块化设计思路,采用面向对象设计方法,对整个系统进行总体设计。该系统实现了焊接工艺数据的信息化管理,可进行多种焊接方法焊接工艺数据的管理和查询,结合专家系统的合于使用评定方法,可对含缺陷结构进行2个级别的安全评定和裂纹容限尺寸计算。     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.