共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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为简化计算,根据导弹的质心运动方程,通过近似处理导出了导弹机动飞行中助推段、跨越段和机动段弹道参数的估算公式。仿真计算表明,该估算公式的计算结果与理论公式的偏差较小,且方法简便,可用于导弹机动飞行的弹道设计。 相似文献
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本文应用格林理论来分析再入机动的最优升力控制。在最大升力有限制的情况下,在规定的起始高度和最终高度之间,以及规定的飞行再入角的条件下,控制高速飞行器的再入。要求极值的性能指标是最终速度、机动距离、机动时间或热输入。再入机动采用线性控制,且最优机动包括改变升力产生的下降或上升弹道。推导出运动方程的解析解,确定再入起始点的位置和各段弹道的次序。 相似文献
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在设计交会对接绕飞段的制导方案时,除考虑燃耗因素外,轨迹安全性设计指标也应予以满足。本文基于C-W方程的经典双冲量控制策略应用于绕飞段,在以往固定时间的双冲量控制研究的基础上,分别以燃耗、轨迹被动安全性、任务恢复执行能力和初始状态偏差作为独立约束条件,利用MATLAB计算机寻优,得到逐个独立约束下的控制时间的范围,同时采取逐层缩小的方式,最终获得了满足绕飞段轨迹安全性的设计要求以及满足多种约束条件的一种可以作为绕飞段优选的控制策略的双冲量控制方法。 相似文献
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设计了一种新型“平台+绳系+柔性网+自主机动单元”结构的空间机器人系统,较强的机动能力和较大的任务范围使其在空间垃圾清理任务中具有显著的优势。详细描述了自主机动空间绳网机器人的概念、任务过程和特点。为了分析自主机动空间绳网机器人逼近目标过程开始时柔性网网型的变化趋势,采用质量集中法建立了逼近过程的动力学模型,模型中将柔性网离散化为无质量弹性杆和质点的集合,同时考虑了自主控制力的作用。在不同条件下对逼近过程中的网型变化进行了数字仿真,仿真结果表明:逼近过程开始时,自主机动单元无控状态下柔性网将产生收口运动,且收口运动的强弱与自主机动单元和柔性网的初速有关;逼近轨迹也将偏离目标方向。通过自主机动单元的自主控制力能够避免收口运动和逼近方向偏移的产生。 相似文献
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本文从力学变分原理出发,建立了交会对接过程中追踪飞行器与目标飞行器的动力学方程,导出了两个飞行器之间的相对运动方程。以此为基础,讨论了最后逼近阶段的平移过程中,追踪飞行器内部液体的晃动规律,并进一步对飞行器之间的相对运动做了定性分析,论述了液体的晃动对交会对接相对运动中的动力学与控制的影响。 相似文献
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针对非合作空间目标轨道机动检测问题,创新性地提出具备普适性的不同推力下的轨道机动检测算法与检测流程。首先给出不同推力作用下轨道机动动力学模型,在此基础上提出普适性轨道机动检测策略,包括:全模型地基与天基观测数据仿真策略,数据处理软件平台,脉冲推力、连续大推力与连续小推力轨道检测算法与流程,精度评估策略。该策略利用不同推力作用下的检测算法与流程,可以满足多数非合作目标轨道机动检测需求。结合地基与天基观测数据,仿真分析不同推力下的非合作目标轨道机动检测情况与轨道精度恢复情况,结果表明该策略能对轨道机动进行有效检测,为工程实际提供了有益借鉴。 相似文献
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极坐标系连续常值推力机动分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
连续常值推力是空间飞行常用的轨道机动方式,在空间交会与星际航行使命中具有重要的应用价值。其中,小推力适合于地球轨道航天器交会机动,而切向或周向推力以及较大的正径向推力可用于脱离地球引力场的逃逸飞行,执行星际交会使命。应用常推力作用下的极坐标系质心运动方程,对机动推力的量值没有限制;在航天器交会应用中,对相对距离也无要求。这种方法可直接获得向径与速度等轨道参数随时间或极角(绕地心的转动角)的变化,便于分析轨道转移与逃逸运动,有助于飞行使命与运动轨迹的设计。特别是,若机动转移的初轨为圆轨道,在推力较小、飞行时间不长的情况下,应用无量纲形式运动方程,可获得具有工程应用价值的近似解。文章给出一些有关的结果与应用案例。 相似文献
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The optimization problem for trajectories of spacecraft flight from the Earth to an asteroid is considered in this paper. The flight is realized in the central Newtonian gravitational field of the Sun with a possibility of gravitational maneuvers near planets. Perturbation maneuvers are taken into account using the method of point area of action with a limitation on the flyby altitude. The spacecraft is controlled by changing the value and direction of the engine thrust. The problem is solved taking into account constraints on the launch time, flight duration, and minimum distance to the Sun. 相似文献
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A direct method for rapid generation of combined time-propellant near-optimal trajectories of proximity maneuvers of a chaser spacecraft required to dock a target one, with predetermined thrust history along a master direction, is presented. The predetermined thrust history is generated by applying the Pontryagin maximum principle. The new direct method, already implemented and tested on board real aircraft, is based on three concepts: high-order polynomials as reference functions, preset on–off sequence of a master control, and reduction of the optimization problem to the determination of a small set of parameters. Presetting the master control, the remaining controls act as slaves, guarantying the chaser to move along the desired path. Seeking of the optimum strategy is transformed into a nonlinear programming problem, and then numerically solved through an ad hoc algorithm in accelerated time scale. Examples are reported to prove the rapidness of the approach to generate a sub-optimal docking trajectory. 相似文献
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Yu. P. Ulybyshev 《Cosmic Research》2008,46(2):133-145
Approximate numerical methods of optimization of spacecraft rendezvous trajectories are presented that make use of interior point algorithms for problems of linear programming of high dimensionality (tens to hundreds of thousands of variables). The basis of the methods is discretization of a trajectory into small segments in which maneuvers are allowed to be executed; for all segments sets of pseudo-impulses are introduced that determine the possible directions of the spacecraft thrust vector. The terminal conditions are presented in the form of a linear matrix equation. A matrix inequality for the sums of characteristic velocities of pseudo-impulses on each segment is used to make a transformation to the linear programming form. Spacecraft rendezvous trajectories are considered in the neighborhood of circular orbits with the use of multi-mode propulsion systems (including those with low thrust) and existence of boundary conditions at interior points and constraints on the time of operation of the propulsion system at separate segments of the trajectory. 相似文献
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月球软着陆的二次型最优制导方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为实现在月球表面指定区域的精确软着陆,研究了月球软着陆的线性二次型最优制导方法。利用简化的轨道动力学模型,给出了一种基于状态和能耗最优的软着陆二次型制导方法。由于制导律要求同时提供3个方向的时变推力,所以需要通过变推力发动机和姿态机动来实现。该制导方法虽能满足精确软着陆的需要,但对姿态变化的要求超出了着陆器姿态机动能力。因此,本文修正了二次型最优制导方法,取消了对轨道参数的过程约束,仅对其终端进行约束,通过求解着陆指定目标点的能耗最优两点边值问题,得到了发动机推力大小和方向的显式表达式。研究结果表明,利用一定的姿态机动能力,修正的制导方法能够满足精确软着陆的需要。 相似文献
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A coordinated attitude control problem is addressed for which a geostationary satellite should maintain communication with a ground station while simultaneously tracking space objects. The coordinated attitude control discussed in this study is related to the attitude maneuvers of a tracking satellite and to the orbital motion of targets placed in orbits of lower altitudes. Modified Rodrigues parameters are employed to avoid singularities even in the presence of large attitude maneuvers. The initial attitude error is calculated based upon an arbitrary initial configuration for the target tracking, so that a sequential tracking from one to another target can be achieved easily. Additionally, avoidance maneuvers aimed at protecting sensitive onboard sensors from the Sun and the Moon are designed using the so-called navigation function. When the avoidance areas are on the transient path due to the coordinated attitude maneuver command, the maneuver is performed with no violation against the given constraint areas by adopting the navigation function. 相似文献
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Yu. P. Ulybyshev 《Cosmic Research》2012,50(5):376-390
Approximate numerical methods of optimization are presented for multi-orbit noncoplanar orbit transfers of low-thrust spacecraft. The linear representation of derivatives of boundary parameters is used in the vicinity of a reference trajectory with its discretization into small segments. For each segment a set of pseudo-impulses is introduced, representing possible directions of the thrust vector. In order to solve essentially nonlinear problems, the iterative process of upgrading the reference trajectory is used. At each iteration the linear programming problem of high dimensionality is solved, its boundary conditions being represented in the form of a linear matrix equation. Interval constraints are considered in the form of blocking the propulsion system operation on shadow segments of the orbit, as well as cycling constraints, and constraints on total duration of maneuvers at certain trajectory segments. The results of comparison with solutions obtained by other methods are presented together with examples illustrating the convergence of iterative processes. Optimizations of the trajectories for launching geosynchronous satellites to their orbits and of the trajectories of a noncoplanar transfer from low to high-elliptic Molniya orbit are considered under these constraints. 相似文献
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针对人工太阳同步轨道的设计方法进行研究,通过施加法向连续推力调整升交点赤经(RAAN)变化率。首次推导了升交点赤经在变方向推力作用下的周期摄动平均值的精确计算公式,解决了已有近似方法对相关轨道参数的取值范围存在限制的问题,并给出了对应的轨道倾角周期摄动平均值计算公式。在分析J2项摄动对升交点赤经影响的基础上,给出了所需的法向连续推力幅值和一个轨道周期内对应的速度增量的计算方法。通过数值仿真,校验了计算公式的正确性,分析了实现人工太阳同步轨道的连续法向推力对轨道倾角的影响,给出了连续推力幅值随轨道参数的变化规律,并且提出了未来工程任务的应用建议。 相似文献