一种基于预测和变换混合设计的超光谱图像压缩方法

提出了一种新的超光谱图像压缩方法。该方法针对三维小波压缩编码方法对专有数据的特殊属性利用效率较低的缺陷,设计了一种应用于超光谱图像的预测编码和变换编码相混合的实现方案。首先,由超光谱图像的高谱间相关性,推导出图像各波段间的一般表达式。然后,根据这一表达式建立了超光谱图像的波段预测方式。该预测方式以波段为单位,参考波段采用小波变换编码技术进行压缩。为了提高预测的精度,参考波段选择器和波段预测器分别基于超光谱图像的数学统计规律和各波段直方图形状相似的特性进行设计。最后,将预测偏差值通过三维小波编码技术进行压缩。实验结果表明,本文设计的方法与目前先进的超光谱压缩技术相比能够提供具有竞争力的性能提升,且具有良好的兼容性、灵活性和渐进传输能力。     

直接力控制的特征结构配置法

以现代控制理论和飞行力学原理为基础，针对直接力控制器设计中存在的模态耦合问题，提出一种应用状态反特征结构配置进行解耦的方法，并出相应的公式。分析表明，用此方法对系统的极点和特征向量可以进行希望的配置。并能达到设计要求，同时仿真结果说明，用状态反馈特征结构配置法设计的控制系统比用线性二次型调节器（LQR）方法设计的控制系统解耦性能好，响应速度快，并且解决了输出反馈特征结构配置不能确保闭环系统稳定的问题。     

Some Results on Digital Chirp

Generating chirp waveforms by means of phase coding yields a simple, cost-effective mechanization. The coding process, however, introduces phase errors whose effect must be included in the design. An approximate analysis is presented, valid for moderate to high compression ratios, which allows error effects on compressed pulse amplitude and sidelobes to be calculated in a simple manner. The anaylsis provides criteria for selecting the coding bit width (sample rate), weighting network bandwidth, and phase-coder quantization interval and transition times. Weighting functions for maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or for producing desired close-in sidelobe performance are derived, as is an exact expression for the transmitted spectrum. Numerical results are presented for Gaussian and the maximum-SNR weighting. The results indicate that performance will be satisfactory for many applications.     

基于DSP平台的机载高清视频编码器设计与实现

针对无人机(UVA)航拍对高清视频的需求,设计并实现了基于数字信号处理器(DSP)平台的MPEG-4高清视频编码器,具有体积小、功耗低和可靠性高的特点.根据DSP片内资源设计了存储器分配方案,优化了编码过程中的数据流传输,降低了数据访问对编码速度的影响.针对视频编码算法中复杂度较高的部分,采用了基于预测的运动估计,减少...     

基于FPGA的高清CCD视频信号预处理电路的设计

在高清CCD图像传感器KAI-2093和视频信号处理芯片AD9847工作原理的基础上,设计了高清CCD成像系统视频信号处理电路。选用FPGA器件作为硬件设计载体,使用VHDL语言对AD9847的初始化配置和驱动时序发生器进行了硬件描述。采用ISE10．1软件对所做的设计进行了功能仿真。仿真结果表明,所研制的高清CCD视频信号处理电路不仅可以满足高清CCD成像系统视频处理的要求,而且性能可靠,使用灵活。     

Sensitivity Study and Optimization of Predictive Systems for Transmission of Video Signals

A method is proposed to optimize the prediction coefficient of a first order predictor. The optimization is with respect to the sensitivity of variations in statistics of the video signal. Given the characteristics of human vision, it has been shown that the DPCM is not worse than the PCM with respect to the sensitivity to variations in the input video signal statistics, but is even better than the PCM. Also, the following point is made clear. If an encoding system is designed with a = as (?Mo) providing the satisfactory quality for the picture with ? = ?Mo, this system will yield picture of better or equal quality as for ? = ?Mo for any other picture.     

On-Board Image Compression for the RAE Lunar Mission

The requirements, design, implementation, and flight performance of an on-board image compression system for the lunar orbiting Radio Astronomy Explorer-2 (RAE-2) spacecraft are described. The image to be compressed is a panoramic camera view of the long radio astronomy antenna booms used for gravity-gradient stabilization of the spacecraft. A compression ratio of 32 to 1 is obtained by a combination of scan line skipping and adaptive run-length coding. The compressed imagery data are convolutionally encoded for error protection. This image compression system occupies about 1000 cm2 and consumes 0.4 W.     

结构控制设计中具有输出反馈最小范数的极点配置方法

给出了结构控制系统输出反馈极点配置的设计方法,该方法采用鲁棒性分析设计的一些基本步骤,兼顾结构控制系统的鲁棒性和计算的简便。基于鲁棒度量建立状态向量和输出向量参数之间的协调关系,利用 QR分解技术,导出鲁棒极点配置问题的增益矩阵表达式,通过分析该表达式,可以得出本文方法的鲁棒性能够得到保证。将输出反馈极点配置问题转化为非线性最小二乘问题,用 LM方法解出具有最小范数的反馈矩阵。最后将本文方法应用一个 3层结构在正弦载荷作用下的振动控制问题,证实了本文方法的性能     

高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面逆向设计方法

针对高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面问题,首先研究了激波理论的逆向算法,以此为基础提出了进气道的等强度和等熵压缩面的逆向设计方法,并采用此方法设计了以进气道出口气流参数为设计参数的高超声速飞行器进气道压缩面,然后对两种压缩面进行了性能分析和数值仿真.结果表明:通过逆向设计方法设计进气道压缩面是可行的,其相对于传统方法耗时大大减少;理论计算表明相同设计条件下两压缩面几何参数基本一致,而来流参数也基本不变,设计点下等熵压缩面总压恢复系数高出等强度压缩面6.3%.数值仿真验证了该方法的可行性并研究了非设计状态下两种压缩面的各项性能参数,同时对比了不同马赫数下进气道内部波系分布和气流均匀性.      

A fuzzy sliding-mode controller design for a synchronous reluctancemotor drive

A new method for controlling a synchronous reluctance drive system using a sliding mode with fuzzy controller design is presented. The fuzzy controller is used to adjust the sliding line of the sliding-mode controller. Using this method, the system has a fast response and a good disturbance rejection capability. In addition, the chattering of the speed is reduced. In this work, the mathematical model of the motor is described first. Then, the design procedures for a high performance drive system using a sliding mode with fuzzy control are explained. Next, the system enhanced by a high performance 32 bit digital signal processor (DSP) and simple hardware circuits is shown. Both the current-loop and speed-loop controllers are executed by the DSP. Finally, some experimental and computer simulation results are presented. The experimental results validate the simulation results     

无线光通信系统中极化码编译码技术

大气无线光通信系统中的湍流运动会降低系统误码性能。为此,将Polar编译码技术引入无线光通信系统中,研究了极化码编码方法及其加入循环冗余校验的列表连续消除(Cyclic Redundancy Check-Successive Cancella-tion List,CRC-SCL)译码原理,并分别在高斯和湍流信道条件下进行了误码性能的蒙特卡洛仿真。结果分析表明,Polar编码对大气湍流信道的无线光通信系统可靠性有明显改善,在误码率为10-3时,相较于未编码系统,基于CRC-SCL译码的Polar编码技术可获得约6.3 dB的编码增益。同时,码长越长,码率越低,编码系统误码性能越佳。     

Military avionics optical fiber data buses with active-couplerconfigurations

Military avionics optical fiber data buses of high reliability are discussed. Because Light Emitting Diodes (LED's) have better temperature performance and require less complex driver circuits than laser diodes, the former is normally chosen as an optical source in the severe aircraft environment at present. In this case, optical power budget becomes a critical factor which can significantly limit the number of terminals in a data bus. To effectively solve this problem while maintaining a high reliability, we present several configurations of all-active couplers and hybrid passive/active couplers for avionics optical fiber data buses using PIN photodiodes and LED's. The system design is also described, which incorporates a modulation scheme called partial trilevel Manchester II bi-phase coding     

DBV-RCS中一种提高时延性能的时隙分配方法(英文)

在DVB-RCS卫星通信中,为某个业务分配的时隙在MF-TDMA帧中的位置分布将影响该业务的时延特性。本文分别针对固定速率和实时可变速率业务,对MF-TDMA的帧长度、终端分配的时隙数量及位置分布与业务时延性能之间的关系进行了建模分析。理论分析表明时隙位置是影响业务时延的一个重要因素,位置分布越均匀,越能提高业务的时延性能;时隙均匀分配相比传统的时隙连续分配可以有效降低业务平均时延,且时延不随帧长的变化而变化;在时隙均匀分配方式下,提高实时可变速率业务的带宽分配可以更有效的提高时延性能。在DVB-RCS标准基础上,提出了一种与标准完全兼容的时隙均匀分配方法(TUAM),通过计算机仿真验证了算法的有效性以及建模分析的正确性,该算法可有效地保证业务具有极低的平均时延和时延抖动,使得VoIP等实时业务不会由于端到端时延过大而丢包,提高了DVB-RCS系统对于实时业务QoS的保障能力。     

基于LMI极点配置的高空台飞行环境模拟系统PI增益调度控制研究

针对高空台飞行环境模拟系统的温度和压力在整个工作包线内的鲁棒性能控制问题,提出了一种基于LMI极点配置的PI增益调度控制设计方法。在考虑变比热容腔微分方程、管道热传导、调节阀流量特性、液压伺服动态、传感器增益对飞行环境模拟系统造成的建模不确定性的基础上,建立了完整、准确的飞行环境模拟系统非线性模型;对非线性模型进行了线性化,并根据线性模型推导了基于LMI极点配置的PI控制器设计算法;在飞行环境模拟系统的工作包线内选取了36个稳态点设计了基于LMI极点配置的PI增益调度控制器;设计了两种飞行环境模拟试验来验证设计的PI增益调度控制器的鲁棒性能。仿真结果表明,飞行环境模拟系统温度的稳态误差和动态误差均小于0.1%,压力的稳态误差小于0.5%,动态误差小于0.7%。     

飞行/推进系统分散控制优化设计及鲁棒性分析

以一种短距起降战斗机的飞行/推进综合控制系统设计为背景,对分散控制如何保持集中控制的性能和鲁棒性的问题提出利用优化的思想设计分散控制器.首先采用遗传算法设计集中控制器,作为分散控制的性能参考,然后给出具有接口变量的分散控制器设计方法,通过分析得出影响分散控制性能的关键因素,并通过数学推导得到以频率加权矩阵为设计参数的分散控制性能表达式,将分散控制器设计转化为优化问题,采用遗传算法求解得到分散控制器.分散控制器设计中同时用到了一种改进的平衡降阶方法.通过仿真和结构奇异值分析验证了这种优化设计方法可使分散控制达到集中式控制的性能和鲁棒性.      

Performance Measures for Compressed and Coded Space Telemetry Systems

The considerations involved in the combination of data compression and error-control coding in space telemetry are analyzed through the use of two performance measures, D and R, which are similar to those used by Shannon for his rate distortion function. The average distortion D is a function of the source probability distribution, the overall system transitional probability matrix, and a cost matrix that signifies the relative importance of different types of data errors. The rate ratio R is the reciprocal of the overall system compression ratio and includes the data expansion effect of additional timing and identification data as well as coding redundancy. The effects of the following system parameters and properties on the overall distortion and rate ratio are analyzed: the error-control usefulness of natural data redundancy; the effect of errors in time information; the use of the strict monotonicity of the time information for error control; the probability distribution of the source; the biterror probability of a binary-symmetric channel; and the word-compression ratio. A rationale for comparing and choosing among three systems? uncompressed-uncoded, compressed-uncoded, and compressed-coded ?is given in terms of the performance measures D and R.     

New Autocorrelation and Prediction Techniques for the Demodulation of Binary Signals

The classic problem of detecting a narrowband signal received in a wideband noise is treated via new techniques, namely, autocorrelation computation and linear adaptive filtering. It is shown by analysis and simulation that the proposed techniques yield probility of bit errors cimparable to those provided by coding techniques. Expressions are derived for the detectability parameter of the new test statistics, and it is shown that these statistics are very close to the Gaussian approximation. The improvements obtained in the signal-to-noise ratio and the Gaussian nature of the new statistic implies an improvement in the capacity of the channel by the nonlinear and storage processes involved in the new techniques, something not achievable by linear filtering and/or memoryless detection techniques.     

一种新的无人机数据链抗干扰技术研究(英文)

Based on the M-ary spread spectrum （M-ary-SS）, direct sequence spread spectrum （DS-SS）, and orthogonal frequency division multiplex （OFDM）, a novel anti-jamming scheme, named orthogonal code time division multi-subchannels spread spectrum modulation （OC-TDMSCSSM）, is proposed to enhance the anti-jamming ability of the unmanned aerial vehicle （UAV） data link. The anti-jamming system with its mathematical model is presented first, and then the signal formats of transmitter and receiver are derived. The receiver＇s bit error rate （BER） is demonstrated and anti-jamming performance analysis is carded out in an additive white Ganssian noise （AWGN） channel. Theoretical research and simulation results show the anti-jamming performance of the proposed scheme better than that of the hybrid direct sequence frequency hopping spread spectrum （DS/FH SS） system. The jamming margin of the OC-TDMSCSSM system is 5 dB higher than that of DS/FH SS system under the condition of Rician channel and full-band jamming, and 6 dB higher under the condition of Rician channel environment and partial-band jamming.     

特征结构配置法及其在飞行控制系统设计中的应用

 本文研究了状态反馈系统的特征结构配置（Eigenstructure Assignment）问题。文中提出了配置具有多重特征值及复共轭特征值的特征结构的算法。并以某飞行控制系统的设计为例说明了算法的应用;最后还给出了设计方案的数字～模拟计算机仿真实验结果。     

脉冲干扰下交错与FEC编码扩频系统性能的研究

推导了在脉冲干扰下无人机扩频遥测系统的误码率公式。提出了用吉尔伯特信道 ( Gi信道 )描述脉冲干扰下无交错编码的扩频系统的信道,用离散无记忆信道 ( DMC)描述脉冲干扰下的有交错扩频系统的信道。对比分析了脉冲干扰下的扩频系统采用 FEC前向纠错和不采用 FEC,以及采用 FEC与交错技术相结合3种情况时的系统误码率性能。最后通过数值计算分析,得到了一些有用的结论。所得公式和结论同样适用于部分频带干扰。