共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 53 毫秒
1.
针对目前高轨GPS信号可用性差及定位精度低的特点, 对GPS/北斗组合系统的 高轨卫星定位技术进行研究, 对比分析了单GPS系统与GPS/北斗组合系统的卫 星可见性和几何精度因子. 结果表明, GPS/北斗组合系统比单GPS系统的卫星可 见性好, 且定位精度高. 同时通过提出在星载接收机上采用高精度原子钟, 可实现三星定位, 降低对接收机的技术要求. 相似文献
2.
高轨航天器自主导航能力在北斗三号卫星导航系统建成后得到了增强,但是也带来了部分时刻可见星数量冗余的问题。为降低运算量以保证服务的实时性,提出一种利用多种群并行遗传算法(PGA)进行快速选择当前最优可见星组合的方法。该方法将加权精度因子(WDOP)作为适应度评判标准,利用粗粒度式并行划分成的多个子种群进行搜索加速,并通过变异因子差异化设置与子种群间的信息交流来提高搜索能力。对多个典型高轨环境下7颗及以上选星任务的仿真测试表明,基于PGA的选星方法解相比遍历法所求最优解绝对误差平均值小于0.1,相对误差最大不超过1%。仿真结果表明,在典型高轨环境F1接收机利用四系统组合导航时,所提方法可以有效地快速、准确完成指定卫星数的选星任务。 相似文献
3.
针对GPS应用于高轨卫星定位面临的远近效应问题, 提出利用正交相关的联合极大似然估计算法来对GPS信号进行二维搜索, 可以得到正确的码延时及多普勒估计. 极大似然估计算法首先利用滑行相关法对仿真信号中的强信号进行搜索, 得到强信号模型, 然后利用正交相关去掉强信号, 最终实现对弱信号的正确捕获. 本文对高轨卫星接收到的GPS信号进行了功率分析, 并建立了信号模型, 进行了算法仿真. 结果表明, 这种估计算法能够提高二维搜索性能, 有效解决远近效应问题. 相似文献
4.
高轨空间中全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)信号可用性严重变差,对GNSS接收机的跟踪性能提出更高要求。利用GNSS信号传播链路模型分析了高轨空间GNSS信号特点,对比了标量跟踪和矢量跟踪这2类典型跟踪环路在高轨空间的适用性,进而设计了一种适用于高轨空间的GNSS矢量跟踪方案。该方案通过估计载噪比确定量测噪声方差阵,以对各通道量测信息进行加权处理来获得高精度的导航参数;并根据高轨航天器的动态性能确定过程噪声方差阵,利用轨道动力学模型对导航参数进行一步预测,从而实现了对各通道信号跟踪参数的准确预测及联合跟踪。仿真验证表明:所设计的跟踪方案可实现高轨空间中强信号对弱信号的辅助跟踪,从而提高了高轨空间中弱信号的跟踪性能及可用性,并对中断信号具有一定的桥接能力。 相似文献
5.
为摆脱对全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的依赖,克服其有意或无意干扰情况下无法工作等问题,可采用机会信号(SOP)实现定位,低轨卫星机会信号具备信号功率高、覆盖性广及无需增建基础设施等优点。提出了利用轨道通信卫星(ORBCOMM)系统实现天基机会信号定位。通过对ORBCOMM卫星机会信号的通信体制进行深入研究,实现了利用ORBCOMM卫星机会信号获取多普勒测量信息,建立了瞬时多普勒定位及其几何精度因子的数学模型,并采用卫星TLE数据结合轨道预测模型获得的卫星轨道信息实现ORBCOMM卫星机会信号定位。实测结果表明:利用ORBCOMM卫星机会信号可实现精度优于140 m的定位。研究成果对基于天基机会信号定位技术的理论研究及应用具有重要意义。 相似文献
6.
全球导航卫星系统(GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem,GNSS)应用于高轨航天器时,因轨道高于导航卫星,可见星数量急剧减少,空间信号功率微弱,信号的快速捕获和跟踪十分困难。文章对高轨地球同步轨道(GeosynchronousEarthOrbit,GEO)接收技术进行了研究。以中国实践十七号卫星为研究对象,采用官方正式发布的发射天线方向图对GEO下GNSS信号特征及可用性开展研究分析,并针对高轨道航天器GNSS信号微弱的特点,采用长时间积分处理的梳状滤波方法、差分相干累加比特同步算法和基于动力学模型补偿的扩展卡尔曼滤波自主定轨算法设计GNSS接收机,并在半物理仿真平台进行了测试验证。试验结果表明:GNSS接收机捕获灵敏度优于-173dBW,跟踪灵敏度优于-175dBW,定轨位置精度优于50m,速度精度优于0.01m/s。 相似文献
7.
不同观测环境的实际观测噪声可能存在较大差别,因此,固定的噪声方差矩阵可能使基于卡尔曼滤波故障检测法的故障检测效果下降。对此,提出自适应噪声方差的卫星定位故障检测算法,利用滑动窗内的历史新息实时估计观测噪声方差矩阵,在此基础上构建故障检测量与识别量对故障进行检测与识别,利用不含故障的新息更新状态向量并解算出定位结果。实验结果表明:所提算法在静态模式下,可100%检测和识别的最小单阶跃故障为3 m,对持续时间为100 s、斜坡故障增长速率为0.2 m/s的斜坡故障识别比率为51.4%,可100%检测和识别的最小多故障为4 m;在动态模式下,可100%检测和识别的最小单阶跃故障为10 m,对持续时间为200 s、斜坡故障增长速率为0.2 m/s的斜坡故障识别比率为66.25%,可100%检测和识别的最小多故障为12 m。所提算法性能优于基于最小二乘和卡尔曼滤波的故障检测法。 相似文献
8.
星基增强导航系统(SBAS,Satellite Based Augmentation System)通过向用户提供用户差分距离误差(UDRE,User Differential Range Error),来保证广播星历和星钟改正数的精度并增强用户的完好性性能.给出了一种用于主控站的UDRE计算方法,提出了卫星监视几何精度因子(SSDOP,Satellite Surveillance Dilution of Precision)的概念.基于UDRE和SS-DOP的表达式,通过数学推导发现UDRE受到SSDOP和限制因子的影响,而限制因子可以用其统计平均值0.7438来替代,建立了由SSDOP估计UDRE的表达式.仿真结果表明:利用SS-DOP估计出的UDRE值,其误差不超过0.8 m,能够反映出当前卫星UDRE的特性,可以作为用户在无法接收完好性信息时快速推算UDRE的一种可行手段. 相似文献
9.
首先对当前星载计算机系统在高轨卫星领域的应用现状进行了分析,主要涉及处理器最小系统的存储器设计、数据共享及总线协议设计等。针对上述3个方面存在的不足,提出了处理器最小系统存储器优化设计方案,解决了存储器应用与选型的困境;采用\"存储器+FPGA电路\"的设计方法,实现了主备机数据共享;提出了一种自适应总线协议设计方法,解决了1553B总线协议通用性较差等问题。提出的设计方法,在中国下一代大容量通信卫星平台的星务计算机系统中得以应用,并取得了较好的效果,为星载计算机系统后续优化设计工作提供了新的思路。 相似文献
10.
该公司已经完成并交付了一个复杂的、高性能通信子系统,该子系统是天基红外系统-高轨卫星星座首颗地球静止轨道卫星红外载荷的组成部分,这在该项目上具有重大里程碑意义。这个通信子系统将在“天基红外系统”中发挥重要作用,它能够从红外载荷向作战人员提供抗干扰、生存力强的通信,提供覆盖全球的导弹发射探测和防御数据。这个子系统还能通过与地面站的持续交互通信对卫星提供安全的指挥与控制。 相似文献
11.
在信号传播与接收的过程中对电离层延迟进行改正可以提升卫星导航定位的精度, 电离层经验模型, 如国际参考电离层(International Reference Ionosphere, IRI)模型和IRI-Plas (IRI Extended to Plasmasphere)模型在估计电离层参数时得到广泛应用. 基于太阳活动低年2021年全球135个GNSS站的双频观测数据, 提取了垂直总电子含量(VTEC)和倾斜总电子含量(STEC)作为评价基准, 评估了同化GIM TEC数据的IRI-Plas 2020模型、未同化外部TEC的IRI-Plas 2020模型和IRI-2020模型. 针对不同模型与GNSS观测值之间的精度差异做了详细评估与分析, 分析了电离层纬度变化、日变化与季节变化规律, 探究了两种模型在不同地磁情况下的精度表现. 结果表明, 两种模型均能很好地表现电离层特征, 其中同化GIM TEC的IRI-Plas模型值精度最高, 由于模型计算高度范围的限制, 导致IRI模型值偏低, 未同化外部TEC的IRI-Plas模型值偏高. 同时, 两种模型的误差都表现出纬度变化, 通常随着纬度的增加而下降, 这些变化还显示出季节性趋势. 相似文献
12.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2020,65(1):518-528
Due to the special geographical location and extreme climate environment, the polar regions (Antarctic and Arctic) have an important impact on global climate change. Atmospheric weighted mean temperature (Tm) is a crucial parameter in the retrieval of precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the zenith wet delay (ZWD) of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal propagation. In this paper, the correlation between weighted mean temperature and surface temperature (Ts) is studied firstly. It is shown that the correlation coefficients between Tm and Ts are 0.93 in the Antarctic and 0.94 in the Arctic. The linear regression Tm model and quadratic function Tm model of the Antarctic and the Arctic are established respectively using the radiosonde profiles of 12 stations in the Antarctic and 58 stations in the Arctic from 2008 to 2015. The accuracies of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model which is a state-of-the-art global Tm model are verified using the radiosonde profiles from 2016 to 2018 in the Antarctic and Arctic. Root Mean Square (RMS) errors of the linear regression Tm model, the quadratic function Tm model and GPT2w Tm model in the Antarctic are 3.07 K, 2.87 K and 4.32 K respectively, and those in the Arctic are 3.53 K, 3.38 K and 4.82 K, which indicates that the quadratic function Tm model has a higher accuracy compared to linear regression Tm model, and the accuracies of the two regional Tm models are better than that of GPT2w Tm model in the polar regions. In order to better evaluate the accuracy of Tm in the PWV retrieval, the PWV values of radiosondes are used for comparisons as the reference value. The RMS errors of PWV derived from the two Tm models are similar for 1.28 mm in the Antarctic and 1 mm in the Arctic respectively. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of Tm are analyzed in the polar regions by spectral analysis of Tm data using fast Fourier transform. The results show that the Tm has obvious seasonality and annual periodicity in the polar regions, and the maximum difference between warm season and cold season is about 63 K. After comparing and analyzing the influences of latitude, longitude and elevation on the Tm in the polar regions, it is found that latitude and elevation have a greater influence on the Tm than the longitude. As the latitude and elevation increase, the Tm decreases, and vice versa in the polar regions. 相似文献
13.
GRO和LRO掩星事件模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
GRO(Global Navigation Satellite System Radio Occultation)和LRO(Low Earth Orbit Radio Occultation)联合组网探测地球大气是无线电掩星探测技术的主要发展方向.本文根据掩星事件的数学判据,仿真分析了LEO卫星主要轨道参数对GRO和LRO掩星事件数量和全球分布情况的影响.研究表明:卫星轨道越低GRO掩星事件越多;轨道倾角在30°和75°之间时,GRO掩星事件较多,全球覆盖率也较大;利用极轨卫星进行LRO掩星探测时,LRO掩星事件较均匀地分布在各纬度带.研究成果对GRO和LRO联合星座设计具有参考价值. 相似文献
14.
Rui Tu Hongping Zhang Maorong Ge Guanwen Huang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
This paper proposes a method of real-time monitoring and modeling the ionospheric Total Electron Content (TEC) by Precise Point Positioning (PPP). Firstly, the ionospheric TEC and receiver’s Differential Code Biases (DCB) are estimated with the undifferenced raw observation in real-time, then the ionospheric TEC model is established based on the Single Layer Model (SLM) assumption and the recovered ionospheric TEC. In this study, phase observations with high precision are directly used instead of phase smoothed code observations. In addition, the DCB estimation is separated from the establishment of the ionospheric model which will limit the impacts of the SLM assumption impacts. The ionospheric model is established at every epoch for real time application. The method is validated with three different GNSS networks on a local, regional, and global basis. The results show that the method is feasible and effective, the real-time ionosphere and DCB results are very consistent with the IGS final products, with a bias of 1–2 TECU and 0.4 ns respectively. 相似文献
15.
Zhouzheng Gao Tuan Li Hongping Zhang Maorong Ge Harald Schuh 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(9):2393-2405
Since China’s BeiDou satellite navigation system (BDS) began to provide regional navigation service for Asia-Pacific region after 2012, more new generation BDS satellites have been launched to further expand BDS’s coverage to be global. In this contribution, precise positioning models based on BDS and the corresponding mathematical algorithms are presented in detail. Then, an evaluation on BDS’s real-time dynamic positioning and navigation performance is presented in Precise Point Positioning (PPP), Real-time Kinematic (RTK), Inertial Navigation System (INS) tightly aided PPP and RTK modes by processing a set of land-borne vehicle experiment data. Results indicate that BDS positioning Root Mean Square (RMS) in north, east, and vertical components are 2.0, 2.7, and 7.6?cm in RTK mode and 7.8, 14.7, and 24.8?cm in PPP mode, which are close to GPS positioning accuracy. Meanwhile, with the help of INS, about 38.8%, 67.5%, and 66.5% improvements can be obtained by using PPP/INS tight-integration mode. Such enhancements in RTK/INS tight-integration mode are 14.1%, 34.0%, and 41.9%. Moreover, the accuracy of velocimetry and attitude determination can be improved to be better than 1?cm/s and 0.1°, respectively. Besides, the continuity and reliability of BDS in both PPP and RTK modes can also be ameliorated significantly by INS during satellite signal missing periods. 相似文献
16.
美国联邦航空管理局(FAA)建设的广域增强系统(WAAS)通过对全球定位系统(GPS)所需导航性能(RNP)的全面增强,目前已能在WAAS服务区的绝大部分空域支持从航路到具有垂直引导满足航向信标性能(LPV)-200进近的RNP.本文给出了WAAS报文的解码过程,结合WAAS广播报文阐述了精度和完好性参数的解算处理过程.选取美国阿拉斯加州和美国本土34个WAAS监测站的实测数据,按该处理流程解算出精度和完好性参数.结果表明,所选监测站位置的精度和完好性解算结果与美国国家卫星测试台(NSTB)公布的统计数据基本吻合,验证了报文解码以及参数提取算法和流程的正确性.WAAS精度和完好性参数解算处理流程可为中国北斗星基增强系统(BDSBAS)建设提供借鉴和参考. 相似文献
17.
Satellite positioning technology has been widely used in all kinds of military and civil land, marine, space and aeronautical target positioning tasks, naviga tion activities and accurate surveying measurements since 90 s in the last cen tury due to its advantage in providing all-weather, real-time, three dimensional and high precision positioning information, as well as speed and accurate timing information. By now, it has already formed a new hi-tech industry basically.This paper briefly reviews the development of the global satellite positioning and navigation technologies including the basic information of China's "Plough navigation system", introduces the history of satellite positioning technology and its major application fields as well as the status quo of this being industri alized trade in China, gives an account of the writers' vision for the application and prospect of the satellite positioning technologies in China, and approaches the tactics and stresses of the satellite positioning technology's application and its industrialization future in China. 相似文献
18.
卫星导航有源接收天线的噪声温度是导航接收系统的关键技术指标之一。针对卫星导航有源天线总体噪声温度无法测量的问题,研制了两台口面型噪声源,口面噪声源主要由辐射体、辐射体物理温度控制和温度测量仪等组成。两个口面噪声源在L和S波段分别提供高低温标准噪声温度,采用Y系数测量方法测量有源接收天线的总体天线噪声温度。测量了某卫星导航有源天线的总噪声温度,在(1.19~1.29) GHz的频率范围内,中心频率1.24 GHz上噪声温度测量结果为206 K,但是在1.266 GHz频率点上噪声温度测量大于4 000 K,说明天线与滤波器之间、滤波器与放大器之间存在设计问题或其它问题,体现出测量有源天线噪声温度的必要性。 相似文献

