IS-95 CDMA前向同步信道仿真

分别对IS-95码分多址标准和SystemView软件进行了介绍,概述了IS-95前向同步信道的基本特点和性能参数,给出了采用SystemView软件仿真IS-95码分多址标准前向同步信道的方法和仿真结果。     

一种远距离控制的新型遥测接收机的设计特点

本文叙述了一种微处理机控制的新型单信道遥测接收机的某些设计特点,这种遥测接收机将用于正在出现的自动化遥测系统中。本文还介绍了各种可控制参数和接口方法。利用这种接口方法,将本接收机与控制器或另外一台从属接收机连接起来。与另一台从属接收机相联接时就构成一台远距离控制的双信道接收机。本文对接收机所使用的软件也作了一般介绍。谈到了一种新的四带宽调频解调器。这种解调器采用了现代技术,可以在整个接收机中频带宽范围内进行调频解调。其特点是有一个高增益限幅器,其输出波形的对称性极好,还有一个采用PIN二极管开关的线性移相网络的线性鉴相器,因此该解调器的线性度极好。此外,还介绍了一种宽角调相解调器。该解调器的特点是有一个新型的抗边带电路。这种电路利用调相反馈,基本上抵消了接收信号上的调制,从而防止锁到边带上。     

数字信道化接收机结构分析及应用

推导了可直接应用于AD采样数据的高效数字信道化接收机的通用结构,并对抽取因子对信道化输出结果的影响进行了理论分析,得出信道化接收机在不同环境下应用的约束条件。理论分析和仿真结果表明：当信道个数与抽取因子相等时,可实现最小硬件开销的频域无盲区、无混叠的数字信道化接收机。     

补码键控的性能仿真

补码键控(complementary code keying)作为无线局域网IEEE802.11b的物理层标准,采用多相补偿编码对信息进行调制,能够有效地对抗噪声和多径干扰,提高系统抗干扰能力.研究了CCK(补码键控)的调制解调过程,采用系统仿真软件SystemView对其性能进行仿真得到系统误码率曲线,并将仿真结果与QPSK进行比较,结果表明CCK在对抗噪声和多径干扰方面优于QPSK.     

机舱内部超宽带确定性信道建模

将室内无线信道仿真中常用的几何光学和射线追踪技术,引入到对客机机舱内部的超宽带(Ultra-WideBand,UWB)信道研究当中。信道仿真的主要算法基于一种称为射线密度归一化(RayDensityNormalization,RDN)的方法。该方法使用射线密度的概念来计算每条射线对接收点处总信号强度的贡献。为了验证方法的有效性,实验构建了一个Boeing737-200客机机舱模型进行仿真。仿真将接收机设置在每个座位的顶部、扶手和底部,以研究不同水平高度信道的差别。仿真中对路径损耗和均方根(RMS)时延扩展两类大尺度信道参数进行了统计和分析,部分仿真结果与国外实测结果进行了对比。对比结果证明了仿真结果的保真度以及现有仿真工具的有效性。     

基于FPGA的多通道数字信号下变频器设计

研究了无线通信接收机中。经A／D转换后到基带处理前的中频信号的下变频处理。提出了用FPGA实现多通道数字信号下变频的新设想。通过分析CIC滤波器、HB滤波器和多相滤波器的特点和性能，将它们与抽取器相结合．对MD转换后的数据进行抽取，降低了信号采样率，减轻了后续DSP处理基带信号的压力。结合一个具体的多信道信号．通过软件仿真和在FPGA器件的实现，证明了该方案的正确性。此设计方案集CIC滤波器、HB滤波器和多相滤波器的优点于一身。使设计出的数字信号下变频器能够处理更高频率的信号。     

高速数字设计及其在卫星定位接收机中的应用

高灵敏度卫星定位接收机的迅速发展是未来定位导航产业的必然趋势。本文主要介绍高灵敏度卫星导航接收机的组成和设计概要。分析了数字电路设计中常遇到的信号完整性问题。着重对高速数字系统定义和传输线阻抗进行了理论分析,运用Cadence公司的ALLEGROPCBSIGXL软件给出了层叠等的设置方法和一些重要信号的分析仿真。将高速数字设计的理论分析与实际应用相结合,在卫星定位接收机主板设计中得到了验证。     

基于混合平台的深空通信遥测接收机架构设计

针对目前深空通信遥测信号接收机硬件实现存在的重配置及扩展灵活性较差的问题,提出了一种符合CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会)标准基于混合平台的接收机架构设计。本设计充分利用了GPU(图形处理器)平台片上存储资源的低访问延迟特性、流多处理器的高速并行处理特性以及CUDA(统一计算架构)软件开发的配置灵活性,对接收过程中的帧同步和信道译码进行了高速实现。同时采用FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)对接收数据进行解调处理,通过CPU(中央处理器)对接收机内部数据流传输进行控制,实现了可重配置的混合平台接收机架构。实验结果表明本接收机架构在采用CCSDS标准的LDPC(低密度奇偶校验)编码时能够灵活切换多种码长码率模式,译码后数据吞吐率能够达到10 Mbit/s以上。     

星基ADS-B接收机监视容量分析

星基广播式自动相关监视（ADS-B）系统是实现广域范围内航空器监视的重要技术手段。星基ADS-B系统内部存在严重的共信道干扰,共信道干扰限制了系统的监视性能。为了定量给出星基ADS-B接收机监视容量的计算方法,首先,给出了星基ADS-B系统的模型;随后,通过理论分析得到了星基ADS-B接收机报文冲突概率及报文正确接收概率,以此为基础理论,分析得出星基ADS-B接收机位置报文更新间隔及监视容量的计算方法;最后,构建了星基ADS-B仿真系统,仿真验证了理论计算公式的正确性。研究表明：星基ADS-B接收机的监视容量由飞机-卫星空天链路的误码率及ADS-B应用子系统所要求的位置报文更新间隔联合决定。     

GNSS接收机模拟的关键技术及实现

在与全球导航定位系统有关的软件开发和测试中，需要比较真实地模拟GNSS接收机的信息，为此我们开发研制了相应的软件，称为GNSS模拟接收机。本文介绍了GNSS模拟接收机的开发背景、关键技术和实现方法。     

Next generation GPS-aided space navigation systems

The next generation of low cost Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers for space navigation and attitude determination are positioned to take full advantage of the improvements made in the commercial GPS receivers used for terrestrial applications. There have been recent improvements made to the GPS receivers that include the addition of extra GPS satellite channels that can be tracked simultaneously. The older style GPS receivers were only able to handle five channels at a time. In order for proper determination of three-dimensional position, a minimum of four channels was required and the fifth channel of the receiver was reserved to perform search functions for finding the next satellite. This included searching for satellites that could be used to replace exiting satellites moving out of the Field of View (FOV). The search function also enables the GPS receiver to search for the best constellation for maximum performance accuracy. The fifth roaming channel also provided a best next-satellite selection capability in case the field of view to one of the satellites was blocked or shaded.     

二维扩展频谱技术

简要介绍了两种典型的一维扩频技术,即DS-CDMA和MC-CDMA,在此基础上重点分析了一种新的扩频技术,即二维扩频技术。文中对基于这一技术的多载波二维码分多址系统的接收机和发射机作了较为详细的讨论。     

Low cost guidance for the Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS)artillery rocket

The US Army Aviation and Missile Command has demonstrated the application of advanced technology to significantly improve the accuracy and range of the Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) through the Guided MLRS Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD). The addition of a cost-effective guidance and control package to the rocket results in a weapon system that can defeat the target at ranges up to 70 km with significantly fewer rounds. This not only increases the destructive capability of the system but also reduces the cost of the expended ammunition, the cost to transport the ammunition to the combat zone, and the number of launchers required to execute the mission. The guidance kit is housed in the nose of the MLRS and consists of an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), four independent electromechanically actuated canards, a GPS receiver, GPS antennas, a thermal battery, a guidance computer, and power supply electronics. Roll decoupling of the warhead and motor section was required to allow roll control of the guidance section to enable accurate inertial navigation and was accomplished by joining the two sections with a roll bearing. Five flight missiles were built and tested during the ATD. A tightly coupled eight channel GPS receiver was flown on all flights. This paper discusses the ATD development effort and presents flight test results     

Automatic Controller for a Sweeping Microwave Receiver

The Automatic System Controller (ASC) is a very simple automatic data processing system designed to provide unattended operation of the R-31 receiver, a sweeping microwave receiver. With the receiver set to operate in the scanning mode, its video output is processed by the ASC, which recognizes by thresholding the presence of a signal in the receiver pass band. When the threshold is exceeded, a receiver sweep stop is actuated, an appropriate receiver mode is selected, and an on-site tape recorder is turned on. To enhance signal acquisition, the ASC provides noise leveling gain control, the gating of undesirable signals, and useful aids for an operator attending the receiver.     

通信原理实验的System View仿真

本文介绍System View仿真与分析软件的功能特点，为数字通信原理实验推介一种软件“实现”的方法。     

太阳能热动力系统吸热/蓄热器能量分析

空间太阳能热动力发电系统是一种新型的空间电力系统。吸热 /蓄热器是热动力发电系统关键部件之一。吸热 /蓄热器采用的蓄热方式是相变蓄热。通过对吸热 /蓄热器的能量分析 ,可以很好的了解吸热器的能量传递 ,以及相变材料的工作过程。建立了太阳能热动力发电系统吸热器腔体辐射模型 ,结合换热管的传热模型计算了吸热器的传热过程。得到了吸热器的能量损失、工质吸收能量、PCM的潜热储能和显热储能等重要指标 ,并且得到了换热管最大温度 ,工质出口温度等重要结果。计算结果可以用于吸热器的设计     

基于预处理共轭梯度法的多用户检测方法

针对准同步CDMA（码分多址）系统中解相关检测运算复杂度高以及常规CG（共轭梯度）法收敛速度慢的问题,提出了SSOR-PCG（对称超松弛预处理共轭梯度）模型求解方法。通过SSOR预处理降低了扩频码矩阵的条件数,从而提高收敛速度,减少了迭代次数。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法相对于解相关检测,运算复杂度大大降低,而误码率与解相关检测器相当;相对于共轭梯度法,收敛速度更快,有效减少了迭代次数。     

Rapid development of tightly-coupled GPS/INS systems

This paper addresses the question: “Why aren't tightly-coupled OPS/INS systems everywhere, on aircraft, ships and land vehicles?” Two barriers to the widespread use are cited. One is the high cost of the INS, and the other is the cost and complexity of tightly-coupled OPS/INS integration. One of those two barriers has recently been diminished drastically with the development of a standardized software package for tightly-coupled integration. In the past, only the largest corporations have been able to pay the initial development cost for tightly-coupled OPS/INS integration, usually with funding from a large defense program. Using the new software package, integration and van test can be accomplished in a matter of days, and this has been demonstrated with field trials. The package is intended primarily for small companies that otherwise would not be able to build tightly-coupled OPS/INS systems at all. What would have been a prohibitive 3- or 4-man year development effort is reduced to a few man weeks. To accomplish an integration, the system integrator has to find a way, through serial interfaces or by some other means, to get the INS measurements of acceleration (accumulated velocity change ΔV) and attitude rate (accumulated angle change Δ&thetas;) into a processor, along with the raw data of a GPS receiver. He also has to find a way to time tag the INS ΔV, Δ&thetas; with GPS time. The rest of tightly-coupled OPS/INS integration is predominately accomplished in the standardized software package. That leaves the cost of the INS as the only remaining barrier to the very widespread use of OPS/INS, and invites new development of low cost inertial sensors. The focus of this paper is on the software package, and how it achieves standardization and ease of use while retaining the flexibility to produce optimal results with a variety of INS and GPS receiver types     

GPS/惯性组合方式讨论与导航精度分析

 本文讨论GPS/惯性组合两种方式的优缺点。并以GPS伪距和伪距率与惯导组合为例,按GPS测量误差的不同,以及使用差分机等情况,仿真计算了机载使用的组合导航性能,进行了详细的精度分析。结果表明,这种组合的导航精度比GPS和惯导各自的导航精度高。在采用差分GPS机与惯导组合后,位置误差将进一步减少,使组合导航具有开辟例如飞机进场着陆等新的使用领域的可能性。