定向凝固Ni3Al基高温合金IC6A的真空钎焊

用Co45CrNiWBSi,Co45NiCrWB及N300E三种钴基钎料对定向凝固Ni3Al基合金IC6A的真空钎焊进行探索研究,测定钎焊接头在900℃下的持久性能.试验结果表明,三种钴基钎料对IC6A合金钎焊工艺性能良好,均可获得致密完整的钎焊接头.但含元素Si和B的Co45CrNiWBSi钎料钎焊接头的高温持久性能较差,而仅以B作为降熔元素的N300E和Co45NiCrWB钎料钎焊的接头具有较好的持久性能,其中Co45NiCrWB钎料钎焊IC6A合金接头在900℃/160MPa下的持久寿命达100h以上.     

钴对钛基钎料钎焊Ti3Al的影响

研究了Co的添加对Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料的性能,以及对Ti3Al基合金钎焊接头的显微组织和机械性能的影响。研究结果表明:采用添加Co的钎料,具有良好的润湿性和流动性,可显著提高钎焊接头的拉伸强度。     

保温时间对K452高温合金钎焊接头组织与性能的影响

采用钴基钎料及镍基合金粉料,分别在1170℃保温10min、60min和120min的钎焊工艺下,对K452镍基铸造高温合金进行真空钎焊实验,通过扫描电镜和能谱分析仪进行了接头显微组织观察与物相分析,并测试钎焊接头的高温力学性能。结果表明:在保温60min的工艺规范下,界面实现较好的结合,钎缝内部孔洞缺陷较少,钎缝组织均匀,有利于钎焊接头性能的提高;在更长的保温时间120min下,钎缝内部又有蚀孔缺陷形成,且较多的白色块状化合物在合金粉颗粒间聚集长大,但界面结合良好,钎焊接头性能较高,900℃抗拉强度达到400MPa,900℃/100MPa持久寿命为141h55min。     

铜基高温钎料中钴作用机制的研究

探讨了Cu-Zn-Mn-Co钎料中钴的变质剂作用机理,为高温钎料的研制提供了实验基础研究。     

Ni-Cu-Mn钎料中钴的变质剂作用研究

在分析试验结果的基础上 ,探讨了钴在Ni-Cu -Mn钎料中的变质剂作用机理 ,为高温钎料的研制打下了基础     

大间隙钎焊用混合粉状高温镍基钎料的润湿性和显微组织

用一种含Al,Ti元素的镍基钎料粉末与γ’相沉淀强化型镍基高温合金FGH95的粉末混合,制备了大间隙钎焊用混合粉状高温镍基钎料。实验表明,采用合适的混合比例,混合粉状钎料对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢具有较好的润湿铺展性。该混合钎料所获得的钎缝金属的合金化效应显著,Al+Ti合金元素的最大含量达到了5.49%。焊态钎缝中,除Nb,W等个别元素外,其他主要强化元素无明显偏析,且经1180℃/4h扩散处理可消除合金元素的偏析。钎缝金属的组织状态较为均匀,基体为等轴γ固溶体枝晶,枝晶间分布有颗粒状、短条状的化合物相以及少量的γ+γ’共晶组织。另外,在γ固溶体中分布着大量弥散细小γ’沉淀强化相。     

钴基钎料钎焊K465合金大间隙接头组织与性能

采用Co45Ni Cr WB钴基钎料,预填FGH95镍基合金粉,在1220℃不同保温时间下对K465高温合金进行0.5 mm大间隙真空钎焊实验,研究钎缝组织构成及不同保温时间对钎缝组织与接头性能的影响。结果表明:钎缝组织由合金粉颗粒及颗粒间硼化物相构成,颗粒内为γ和γ'双相组织和少量小块状硼化相,颗粒间是高Cr,W和Nb的硼化物相;钎焊时随保温时间延长合金粉长大,化合物相合并长大;合金粉比例高、保温时间适当获得钎缝中化合物相细小弥散分布,对接头性能有利;钎焊保温30~60 min时接头持久性能较高。     

镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊时母材在钎料中溶解特性的研究

以高温钎焊时液态钎料对母材溶解厚度的定量计算模型为基础，考察了采用Ｎｉ８２Ｃｒ７．５Ｓｉ４．５Ｂ３Ｆｅ３成分的镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空高温钎焊１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢时钎料对母材的溶解特性，深入研究了钎焊温度、钎焊保温时间以及钎焊间隙等参数对母材溶解厚度的影响。结果表明，钎焊温度对母材溶蚀的影响比钎焊保温时间剧烈，而钎焊间隙增加明显促进了母材的溶解，采用母材溶解厚度计算模型可对溶蚀控制条件下的钎焊规范及钎焊间隙等参数进行优化匹配。     

Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Co系新钎料的成分设计及TC4合金钎焊接头的力学性能

新设计了Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Co系钛基钎料,相对于B∏P16钎料,其Zr含量有所提高,而Cu,Ni,Co三种合金元素的总含量低于B∏P16钎料中Cu,Ni的总量.在960℃/10min的真空加热条件下,进行了两种钎料对TC4合金的熔化实验和连接实验.通过SEM和XEDS分析了接头组织和微区成分.钎焊接头力学性能试验结果表明,使用新钎料对应接头冲击韧性值为31.55J/cm3,比B∏P16钎料提高了56%,同时接头的剪切强度提高约20%.     

镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊时母材溶解模型特性的研究

以楔形变钎焊间隙试样为对象，研究了采用Ｎｉ８２Ｃｒ７．５Ｓｉ４．５Ｂ３Ｆｅ３成分的镍基非晶态及晶态钎料真空钎焊１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ不锈钢时液态钎料对固态母材的溶解，建立了高温钎焊时母材溶解厚度（溶解深度）定量计算的物理－数学模型。平行等间隙及楔形变间隙试样真空钎焊试验结果表明，钎焊温度钎焊保温时间及钎焊间隙等参数对母材溶解有重要影响，并表明该模型具有较高的准确性，能够用于研究高温钎焊时钎料对母材的溶解特性，并进行溶蚀性评价。     

钴基高温合金高速铣削研究

合金中含有的金属元素同时也是机械加工所用刀具(如硬质合金)中含有的元素,导致刀具材料元素跟工件材料元素间产生物理、化学作用,使得刀具上不断出现冷焊、粘结、剥落过程,并造成刀具后刀面的剥落而导致刀具失效。     

钴基合金激光快速成形过程参数和微观组织分析

应用激光直接成形工艺对Co基合金粉末进行了激光烧结试验,得到外观平整光滑的薄壁墙零件.分析了不同工艺参数对所成形金属零件成形性和整体质量的影响规律,同时使用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和透射电镜分析了涂覆层的微观组织特征.     

ICP-AES法测定纯铜中的Bi,Sb,As,Fe,Ni,Pb,Sn,Zn,Ag的方法

研究了ICP-AES法测定纯铜中的Bi,Sb,As,Fe,Ni,Pb,Sn,Zn和Ag等9个元素的分析方法.进行了基体元素铜对9个分析元素的光谱干扰研究,选择了合适的分析谱线,同时测定了分析方法的检出限.     

Triton, Pluto, Centaurs, and Trans-Neptunian Bodies

The diverse populations of icy bodies of the outer Solar System (OSS) give critical information on the composition and structure of the solar nebula and the early phases of planet formation. The two principal repositories of icy bodies are the Kuiper belt or disk, and the Oort Cloud, both of which are the source regions of the comets. Nearly 1000 individual Kuiper belt objects have been discovered; their dynamical distribution is a clue to the early outward migration and gravitational scattering power of Neptune. Pluto is perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object. Pluto is distinguished by its large satellite, a variable atmosphere, and a surface composed of several ices and probable organic solid materials that give it color. Triton is probably a former member of the Kuiper belt population, suggested by its retrograde orbit as a satellite of Neptune. Like Pluto, Triton has a variable atmosphere, compositionally diverse icy surface, and an organic atmospheric haze. Centaur objects appear to come from the Kuiper belt and occupy temporary orbits in the planetary zone; the compositional similarity of one well studied Centaur (5145 Pholus) to comets is notable. New discoveries continue apace, as observational surveys reveal new objects and refined observing techniques yield more physical information about specific bodies.     

A survey of the outer planets Jupiter,Saturn, Uranus,Neptune, Pluto,and their satellites

A survey of current knowledge about Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, and their satellites is presented. The best available numerical values are given for physical parameters, including orbital and body properties, atmospheric composition and structure, and photometric parameters. The more acceptable current theories of these bodies are outlined with thorough referencing offering access to the details. The survey attempts to cover the literature through May 1, 1972. Prepared Under Contract No. NAS7-100 National Aeronautics and Space Administration.     

Ion engine grids: Function,main parameters,issues, configurations,geometries, materials and fabrication methods

Ion optics are crucial components of ion thrusters and the study of the different ion extraction solutions used since the beginning of the electric propulsion era is essential to understand the evolution of ion engines. This work describes ion engine grids' main functions, parameters and issues related to thermal expansion and sputter erosion, and then introduces a review of ion optics used for significant launched and tested ion thrusters since 1970. Configurations, geometries, materials and fabrication methods are analyzed to understand when typical ion thrusters use two or three grids, what are the thicknesses and aperture sizes of the screen, accelerator and decelerator grids, why molybdenum and carbon-based materials such as pyrolytic graphite and carbon–carbon are the best available options for ion optics and what is the manufacturing method for each material.     

加快维修周转时间

大到整个飞机机身,小到某个飞机附件,周转时间都是十分重要的。在成本、质量和速度的三角关系中,后者正在占据越来越重要的地位。现在航空业出现一种新趋势,即航空公司在寻找维修公司时更注重维修周转时间的长短,以前,却是更为注重维修价格的高低。随着飞机营运费用的升高,周转     

组织、加工、实施

瑞士威力铭-马科黛尔公司在欧洲机床展(EMO)上展示了带直接驱动技术的超精密棒料铣车复合加工中心。威力铭公司是全球第一家制造铣/钻与车棒料复合加工中心的厂家。公司首次推出超精密的"多工序加工中心",即直线轴和旋转轴全部被直接驱动,在数控系统中输入