共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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太空居室有限公司是80年代成立的。成立之初它经营得并不顺利。但近年来,它利用称为“太空居室”的一种舱段,业务上有了长足发展。目前美国航天飞机的各次飞行中,有三分之一左右都有该公司参加。近来它的业务范围又有所扩展。太空居室是一种供航天飞机使用的舱段,安... 相似文献
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发酵,是人类较早接触的一种生物化学反应,多指有机物的某种分解过程,也是我们日常生活中一种很普通的现象,主要应用于农业、医药、酿造、食品及化工等方面,如我们比较熟悉的有秸秆发酵、造酒发酵和面食发酵等。不过别看发酵在我们生活中是件简单的事情,要是给发酵的实物换个环境, 相似文献
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欧洲、印度、俄罗斯和日本的航天部门负责人表示,NASA的新太空探索战略将为人类打开一幅期待已久的画卷,它将超越国际空间站,激起公众对太空的新的激情。 相似文献
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火箭弹概念设计的多学科优化设计方法 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为了在火箭弹概念设计阶段就可综合考虑质量、气动、动力及弹道等诸多学科的影响和耦合作用,引入了多学科优化设计方法。对该方法应用中的问题定义、基本流程、总体方案作了详细说明,对涉及的一些难点和关键点进行了分析,并给出了可行的解决方案。通过算例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,与原型弹相比,单级推力方案的有效载荷比更高、最大马赫数更小、发动机工作时间更短;在射程基本不变的情况下,双级推力方案比单级推力方案的最大马赫数更小、火箭弹总的飞行时间更短,有效载荷比大幅降低。最后,讨论了包括密集度问题在内的进一步研究方向。 相似文献
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协同优化在固体弹道导弹概念设计中的初步应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
讨论了标准协同优化方法的流程和特点,并针对固体弹道导弹系统的特点,设计了集成质量、动力、气动、外形和弹道5个学科的弹道导弹多学科设计优化模型.采用协同优化方法集成各学科的知识,协调处理各学科之间的耦合变量,应用合理的优化策略有效地解决了在弹道导弹多学科优化设计中的耦合关系所带来的计算问题,并对该模型成功进行了多学科优化设计,得到了优化方案.研究不但证明了协同优化方法在固体弹道导弹多学科优化设计中的有效性,还表明协同优化方法可使各子学科专注于本学科的优化设计,并使用本学科已有的分析工具,无需考虑对其他学科的影响,这方面相对于其他高要求的MDO方法具有较明显优势. 相似文献
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空间核动力技术概览与发展脉络初探 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在概略介绍现有技术方案基础上,初步探讨空间核动力技术的发展脉络,并分析其未来发展方向.基于固体核反应堆的空间核电源、核电推进及核热推进,是经过试验验证可行、具有一定技术基础并可预期实现空间应用的空间核动力技术.更先进的概念方案包括:基于气体核反应堆的核电源/核热推进、脉冲核爆推进、核裂变碎片推进等,它们的性能逐代跨越直至逼近理论极限.要充分利用核能的潜力,一方面需要提高单位质量核燃料的核能释放率,另一方面也需要减少核反应产物动能转换为无轨热运动的比率.核能潜力的充分利用需要以增加系统质量为代价.为满足未来宽广的空间任务需求,多物理机制驱动的大深度变工况一体化核能空间动力系统是未来必然发展趋势. 相似文献
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The paper describes the basic definition and application of 'Cost Engineering' which means to design a vehicle system for minimum development cost and/or for minimum operations cost. This is important now and for the future since space transportation has become primarily a commercial business in contrast to the past where it has been mainly a subject of military power and national prestige. Several examples are presented for minimum-cost space launch vehicle configurations, such as increasing vehicle size and/or the use of less efficient rocket engines in order to reduce development and operations cost. Further a cost comparison is presented on single-stage (SSTO)-vehicles vs. two-stage launchers which shows that SSTOs have lower development and operations cost although they are larger, respectively have a higher lift-off mass than two-stage vehicles with the same performance. The design of a space tourism-dedicated launch vehicle is an extreme challenge for a cost-engineered vehicle design in order to achieve cost per seat not higher than $50,000. Finally an outlook is presented on the different options for manned Earth-to-Moon transportation modes and vehicles – another most important application of 'cost engineering', taking into account the large cost of such a future venture. 相似文献
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A new era? Military space policy enters the mainstream 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A military dimension to the use of space has existed since the earliest days of space activity. Historically, military space policy has been somewhat peripheral, but the ever increasing use of space in support of military objectives has now driven it into the mainstream of military planning. This has resulted in new consideration being given, particularly in the USA, to the organisation of space for national security and also raised the question as to whether national security interests demand space superiority and dominance. 相似文献
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论述了空间站太阳翼构型的优化问题及应当考虑的设计参数、设计约束、优化目标以及组装建造阶段,分析了优化问题涉及的学科和参数耦合关系;以一个虚拟的空间站服务舱为例,探讨了其太阳翼构型优化建模,给出了3个单目标优化模型,包括设计变量、约束条件和目标函数,比较并说明了优化结果,表明优化合理有效。 相似文献
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以空间太阳能电站为应用代表的微波功率传输系统中,微波功率发射阵列是其中的核心组成部分。为保证特定传输距离限制下的波束收集效率,目前国际上多种空间太阳能电站方案中收发天线口径都达到了km级以上。在空间构建大尺度的微波功率发射有源相控阵,面临的主要问题有:发射阵列电性能的高要求、发射阵列折叠状态的总体积限制、大功率发射阵列的热控问题。针对这些问题,文章提出了新型大尺度空间微波功率发射阵列的一些研究及设计考虑,主要包括大尺度阵列同源分发倍频的频率分配方案;高效率高集成功率发射组件技术;大尺度阵列相位同步与误差自校正技术;低剖面天线结构及型面误差补偿技术;大型天线3D打印在轨建造方案设想以及空间微波功率发射阵列热控新思路等。文章提出了新型大尺度空间微波功率发射阵列3个方面的6个主要问题,可为空间太阳能电站系统提供可优化、开放性的设计与发展思路。 相似文献
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Leonardo D. Chiwiacowsky Paolo Gasbarri Haroldo F. de Campos Velho 《Acta Astronautica》2008,62(10-11):592-604
The present investigation is focused on the solution of a dynamic inverse problem which is concerned with the assessment of damage in large space structures by means of measured vibration data. This inverse problem has been presented as an optimization problem and has been solved through the use of the conjugate gradient method with the adjoint equation, also called the variational approach. When a high number of damaged elements has to be found and these elements are also severely damaged, it is shown that the use of an additional method is necessary in order to provide a better initial guess for the conjugate gradient method. A stochastic method, represented by the genetic algorithm method, has been chosen because it provides robust search in complex spaces and also reduces the chance of converging to local optima. The application of this hybrid approach showed that better results can be achieved, although the computational time for the application analyzed here could increase. The damage estimation has been evaluated using noiseless and noisy synthetic experimental data, and the reported results are concerned with a space truss structure. 相似文献