带根部间隙的直、弯压气机静叶流场的实验

为了获得正弯静叶在动态压气机中的性能特点,分别对采用带根部间隙的直静叶和正弯静叶的重复级低速轴流压气机在不同流量工况下的静叶出口流场进行了实验测量,结果表明,正弯静叶对气流的扩压能力在设计工况和近喘工况下强于直静叶,在最大流量工况下弱于后者。设计工况下,流道内存在的两个主要旋涡结构,分别为上通道涡和刮削涡,且刮削涡在正弯静叶流道内的尺度要远小于直静叶流道中;最大流量工况下直静叶流道中的刮削涡明显增大而正弯静叶中则基本保持不变;近喘工况下分离严重,旋涡随之消失。考查出口气流角可以发现,正弯静叶对气流的折转能力在整个流量工况下都弱于直静叶,但沿叶高的分布更为均匀。     

浅谈局域网安全策略的设计与实现

详细阐明了如何打造安全的局域网,其中包括安装安全的Windows2000服务器,配置Win dows2000服务器提高安全性能,及局域网内工作站上网安全防护措施。     

从教职工健康普查中看高脂血症患病情况

对中国民航学院１９９３年中老年教职工健康普查中所发现的高脂血症患者情况进行了总结。统计结果表明，３５岁以上教职工５８７人中高脂血症患病率为２７．０６％。其中男性患病率为３０．０６％，女性患病率为１４．０８％，男性高于女性。普查中还发现患高血压病的职工同时合并高脂血症者占高血压组的３７．７１％，而无高血压的教工患高脂血症者占无高血压组的２５．５６％，两者有明显差异，并随着受检人年龄组的增高，高脂血症的患病率有所增高。     

Magnetic Turbulence in the Geospace Environment

Magnetic turbulence is found in most space plasmas, including the Earth’s magnetosphere, and the interaction region between the magnetosphere and the solar wind. Recent spacecraft observations of magnetic turbulence in the ion foreshock, in the magnetosheath, in the polar cusp regions, in the magnetotail, and in the high latitude ionosphere are reviewed. It is found that: 1. A large share of magnetic turbulence in the geospace environment is generated locally, as due for instance to the reflected ion beams in the ion foreshock, to temperature anisotropy in the magnetosheath and the polar cusp regions, to velocity shear in the magnetosheath and magnetotail, and to magnetic reconnection at the magnetopause and in the magnetotail. 2. Spectral indices close to the Kolmogorov value can be recovered for low frequency turbulence when long enough intervals at relatively constant flow speed are analyzed in the magnetotail, or when fluctuations in the magnetosheath are considered far downstream from the bow shock. 3. For high frequency turbulence, a spectral index α?2.3 or larger is observed in most geospace regions, in agreement with what is observed in the solar wind. 4. More studies are needed to gain an understanding of turbulence dissipation in the geospace environment, also keeping in mind that the strong temperature anisotropies which are observed show that wave particle interactions can be a source of wave emission rather than of turbulence dissipation. 5. Several spacecraft observations show the existence of vortices in the magnetosheath, on the magnetopause, in the magnetotail, and in the ionosphere, so that they may have a primary role in the turbulent injection and evolution. The influence of such a turbulence on the plasma transport, dynamics, and energization will be described, also using the results of numerical simulations.     

关于加大产业结构调整力度的思考

本文从我国产业结构调整的现状及存在的问题出发，针对一般加工产业生产能力过大，高水平的加工能力不足这一突出问题进行了原因分析，在此基础上，就我国加速优化产业结构的客观基础和可能，提出了关于加大产业结构调整力度的七点思考建议。     

飞机座舱透明材料大气老化与使用老化当量关系的研究

根据 YB-3航空有机玻璃海南自然老化 1,2,3年后的疲劳寿命曲线和在东北沈阳 -鞍山地区飞行使用 5年后的疲劳寿命曲线,用疲劳强度降,建立了大气老化与使用老化两者的当量关系。并用 YB-2航空有机玻璃海南大气自然老化与南方飞行使用老化的数据,验证了建立的加速当量的正确性和准确性。     

航空发动机中介轴承的故障特征与诊断方法

提出了转差域频谱和转差域包络谱的概念,建立了诊断航空发动机中介轴承故障的方法.利用发动机高、低压转差作为触发信号,对发动机振动信号进行等转差周期采集,并在转差域对振动信号进行频谱和包络谱分析.结果表明:不平衡响应、不对中响应以及外环静止的轴承故障响应等振动信号在转差域频谱和转差域包络谱上的位置随转速变化;而中介轴承的故障响应在转差域频谱上的边频成分间距不随转速变化,具有倍频“恒间距”特征;在转差域包络谱上的位置也不随转速变化,具有“恒频”特征.带外环故障的中介轴承实验表明:转速变化时,在转差域包络谱中,外环故障特征倍频成分位置不变;在转差域频谱中,出现间隔宽度恒定为外环故障特征倍频的频率成分.      

带前缘涡轮动叶内冷通道流动换热数值模拟

在静止条件下,通过数值模拟的方法对接近真实的带前缘涡轮工作叶片腔模型内的流动与换热进行了分析.结果表明:腔内斜肋引发的三维涡对换热产生了巨大的影响,在一倍肋高范围内, Y-Z 和 X-Y 平面上都出现了肋后涡,使得此处传热系数降低;在 X-Z 平面上,第2通道产生一对方向相反的涡,第3通道只产生一个涡.两个通道中的涡都占据整个横截面,这些涡增加了通道流阻.冲击和气膜流动主导了前缘通道内的换热,冲击产生的一对涡加强了流动掺混,促进了前缘吸、压力面上的换热,而高速的气膜出流推动了这一过程.相同流量工况下,第2通道带肋表面的平均换热和局部换热都是最好的,而光滑的第1通道总压降最小,综合换热性能在各个通道中最高.随着雷诺数的增加,各通道吸、压力面的局部换热和平均换热都增强,但压降系数变化不大.      

伸缩机翼变体飞机气动特性研究

伸缩机翼变体飞机通过机翼伸缩调整机翼展长,从而改变机翼面积和展弦比,改变飞机的气动布局和机翼的气动特性,满足多任务点的设计要求。简要介绍伸缩机翼变体飞机的发展历史,重点研究一种采用伸缩机翼设计的超音速飞机的气动特性变化。研究结果表明：亚音速时机翼展长伸长,展弦比增大,飞机诱导阻力降低,升阻比提高,可以明显提高飞机的航程;超音速时机翼展长缩短,展弦比减小,飞机的波阻降低,升阻比增大,提高了超音速飞行性能。伸缩机翼概念用于超音速飞机设计时能很好地兼顾亚音速巡航和超音速冲刺。     

关于我国飞机租赁立法的构想

阐述了我国租赁立法及我国飞机租赁立法的现状、从理论上论述我国建立"以民航法八条为主，辅之以专门行政法规"的飞机租赁法律体制的立法构想。同时，对我国飞机租赁立法中所面J］占的问题，提出自己的看法和建议。     

Solar Ultraviolet Bursts

The term “ultraviolet (UV) burst” is introduced to describe small, intense, transient brightenings in ultraviolet images of solar active regions. We inventorize their properties and provide a definition based on image sequences in transition-region lines. Coronal signatures are rare, and most bursts are associated with small-scale, canceling opposite-polarity fields in the photosphere that occur in emerging flux regions, moving magnetic features in sunspot moats, and sunspot light bridges. We also compare UV bursts with similar transition-region phenomena found previously in solar ultraviolet spectrometry and with similar phenomena at optical wavelengths, in particular Ellerman bombs. Akin to the latter, UV bursts are probably small-scale magnetic reconnection events occurring in the low atmosphere, at photospheric and/or chromospheric heights. Their intense emission in lines with optically thin formation gives unique diagnostic opportunities for studying the physics of magnetic reconnection in the low solar atmosphere. This paper is a review report from an International Space Science Institute team that met in 2016–2017.     

中部地区城市化发展战略研究

中部地区与东部地区在经济实力和经济发展水平上的差距。主要是由城市化和城市经济上的差距决定的。中部地区城市化落后于全国平均水平。省与省之间城市化水平差距大。城市化落后于工业化和非农化。在当今城市呈集群发展的趋势背景下。中部地区城市化发展的战略重点在于大力培育城市群。推进中部城市化。必须以新型城市化模式不断解决城市发展中的问题。构建完善的基础设施平台，提升中部地区城市化发展的产业支持能力。实现城市发展的良性循环。     

考虑自由面线性波的流-固耦合动力分析的两个变分公式

 用数值方法求解流-固耦合问题有拉氏法与欧拉法两种。对于拉氏法,笔者在文献[1,2]中给出了有关变分公式并对位移模型进行了数值研究。对于欧拉法,多数作者忽略自由面波用Galerkin法来构造计算模型。本文给出计及自由面波时流-固耦合分析欧拉法的两个变分公式。     

我国农村家庭养老面临的困境与对策

我国现阶段农村养老仍以家庭养老为主,但由于孝道淡化、农村家庭结构的变化以及老年人在家庭中的经济地位逐步下降等原因,农村传统的家庭养老方式受到了严重挑战。由于农村社会养老保险进展缓慢,农村家庭养老还具有不可替代性。完善农村家庭养老,应重点解决好以下几个方面的问题:(1)重整孝道,巩固传统家庭养老的主渠道地位,从道德和法制两方面入手,使家庭养老由传统的道德软约束转变成法律、制度的刚性约束。(2)加快农村经济的发展,增加农民收入,提高农村家庭养老的经济支撑力。(3)建立和完善农村社会养老保障体系,一方面建立农村最低生活保障制度和医疗保障制度,另一方面,实施农村强制养老保险。(4)大力开展农村社区养老服务体系建设以及通过制度建设促进和改善农村家庭养老。     

Radio emission from quasi-parallel shock waves in the corona

Shock waves in the solar corona manifest themselves in type II bursts in dynamic radio spectra. Recently, short large amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMS) have been observed in the vicinity of the quasi-parallel region of Earth's bow shock as an example of a collisionless shock wave in space plasmas. SLAMS are able to accelerate electrons to high energies by shock drift acceleration. Assuming that SLAMS also appear in the vicinity of super-critical, quasi-parallel shocks in the corona, electrons can also be accelerated at quasi-parallel shocks and, subsequently, generate radio waves manifesting in solar type II radio bursts.     

西部地区高校国际交流与合作现状及思考

在经济全球化,教育国际化的大背景下,西部地区高校和西部大开发的强劲东风,积极拓展了教育国际间的交流与合作,有力地推动了西部地区高等教育国际化的进程。但又由于受地域偏远、交通不发达和经济发展缓慢的影响,西部地区高校国际交流与合作和我国东部发展地区相比,在广度和深度方面还有很大的差距,面临着很大的发展空间。     

上海股票交易市场流动性与资产定价的实证研究

综合运用国外流动性与资产定价理论与方法,建立了修正的流动性—资产定价模型,并根据此模型对上海股票交易市场进行经验实证分析。研究发现,在上海股票交易市场这样一个新兴的证券市场中,流动性也是影响资产定价的重要因素,在流动性的价格形成机制中,交易成本是影响价格的主要原因。     

粘性跨音速喷管流场计算

本文继用隐式近似因子分解法成功地计算无粘跨音速喷管流场之后,用同样的方法,结合任意曲线坐标系,通过非定常方程在相当长时间后的定常解,针对矩形截面喷管和轴对称喷管粘性跨音速流场,求解了可压缩层流薄层N-S方程,获得了核心流,特别是边界层中的流动参数.对于矩形截面和轴对称两种喷管进行了计算,其结果和实验数据相当一致.将本文的方法应用到粘性两相流动计算,可望较多的节省机时.     

复杂环境下微小飞行器惯性/激光雷达Robust-SLAM方法

针对微小型飞行器在巡检、探测和地图构建等应用中关键的自主导航技术,提出了一种基于惯性辅助的激光雷达Robust-SLAM方法用于微小型飞行器自主导航。相对于传统的激光雷达SLAM方法,该方法在SLAM框架中引入了感知环境突变检测方法,并且加强了惯性与SLAM的组合程度,有效地解决了高程方向感知环境发生突变时激光雷达SLAM定位误差大的问题。室内车库实际飞行实验结果表明,该方法能够实现微小型飞行器在三维空间中实时可靠的自主导航,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

THE SIGNAL OF THE 11-YEAR SUNSPOT CYCLE IN THE UPPER TROPOSPHERE-LOWER STRATOSPHERE

The paper summarizes work by the authors over the past ten years on an apparent signal of the 11-year sunspot cycle in the lower stratosphere-upper troposphere. The signal appears as a basic, consistent pattern in correlations between heights of stratospheric constant-pressure levels, at least as high as 25 km, and the solar cycle in which the highest correlations are in the subtropics.The variation of the stratospheric heights in phase with the sunspot cycle are – in the areas of high correlations between the two – associated with temperature variations on the same time scale in the middle and upper troposphere. The spatial distribution of the correlations suggests that the year-to-year changes in tropical and subtropical vertical motions contain a component on the time scale of the solar cycle.In January and February the correlations with the sunspot cycle are smallest. The smallness of the correlations is owing to the fact that they are different in the east and west years of the quasi-biennial oscillation in the equatorial stratospheric winds. The correlation pattern in the east years is the same as in the other seasons and is statistically significant. In the west years the correlations are insignificant outside the arctic, and the positive correlation in the arctic in these years is related to the fact that major midwinter breakdowns of the cyclonic vortex in the west years so far have happened only at maxima in the solar cycle.Until recently reliable continuous series of analyses of the stratosphere were not available for the southern hemisphere. The U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research have now, however, issued a 23-year series of re-analyzed global data which has made it possible to detect the solar signal on the southern hemisphere. It turns out to be almost the same as that on the northern hemisphere.The correlations between total column ozone and the sunspot cycle are lowest in the equatorial regions, where ozone is produced, and in the subpolar regions, where the largest amounts are found. In the annual mean the largest correlations lie between 5° lat. and 30° lat. We suggest that this distribution of correlations is due to the fact that the subtropical heights of the constant-pressure surfaces in the ozone layer are higher in maximum than in minimum years of the sunspot cycle, and that the higher subtropical heights in the solar maxima depress the poleward transport of ozone through the subtropics and thus create an abundance of ozone.