Study of RCS characteristics of tilt-rotor aircraft based on dynamic calculation approach

To study the Radar Cross-Section(RCS) characteristics of the tilt-rotor aircraft, a dynamic calculation approach that takes into account rotor rotation and nacelle tilt is presented.Physical optics and physical theory of diffraction are used to deal with the instantaneous electromagnetic scattering of the target. The RCS of the aircraft in the helicopter mode, fixed-wing mode and transition mode is analyzed. The results show that in the fixed-wing mode, the blade has a weaker deflection effect o...     

Influence of stealth aircraft dynamic RCS peak on radar detection probability

For modern stealth aircraft, it is important to analyze the influence of Radar Cross Section (RCS) peak exposure on penetration for guiding stealth design and penetration trajectory planning, which needs to reflect the RCS statistical uncertainty and the RCS difference with the change of incident angle. Based on the RCS characteristics of typical stealth aircraft, this paper established a simplified RCS dynamic fluctuation statistical model with the parameters log mean and log standard deviation. According to the detection probability algorithm in radar signal processing field, this paper built the algorithm of radar detection probability based on the RCS dynamic fluctuation statistical model. The analysis of examples concluded that the key to successful penetration is to shorten the RCS peak exposure time, which can be reduced by decreasing the RCS peak width or increasing velocity. Based on the conclusion, this paper proposed the method of turning maneuvering to reduce RCS peak exposure time dramatically.     

飞行器RCS近场测试技术研究进展与工程应用

雷达散射截面(RCS)测试是隐身技术和目标特性研究的基础。无论是研究物体的电磁散射特性还是研制具有突防能力的隐身武器系统,RCS测试都具有非常重要的意义。通过RCS测试可以验证电磁散射计算的理论和方法,更重要的是,对部分飞行器目标进行电磁散射理论计算非常困难,而通过测试可以直观地获得目标的电磁散射特性数据,从而避开复杂的电磁仿真计算。与外场、紧缩场RCS测试方法相比,近年来得到广泛应用与发展的RCS近场测试方法在飞行器目标的散射特性测试方面具有效率高、成本低的优势。介绍了飞行器RCS测试评估方法,综述了国内外RCS近场测试技术研究的最新进展与工程应用实例,分析展望了飞行器RCS近场测试技术面临的机遇与挑战。     

Electromagnetic scattering characteristics of coaxial helicopter based on dynamic transformation method

With the development of coaxial rotors and high-speed helicopters, the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of coaxial helicopters have gradually become a research hotspot. In order to deal with the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) of high-speed rotating rotors or coaxial main rotors, a Dynamic Scattering Method (DSM) based on dynamic process simulation and grid coordinate transformation is presented. Instantaneous electromagnetic scattering from rotors and helicopters is solved using Physical Optics (PO) and Physical Theory of Diffraction (PTD). Important factors are analyzed and discussed in detail, including individual rotor rotation, azimuth, elevation angle, fuselage, pitch angle, and roll angle. The results show that the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of rotor-type components are dynamic and periodic. The dynamic RCS period of a single rotor is related to the dynamic RCS period of the coaxial main rotor. Choosing different observation angles and attitude angles has a great impact on the static and dynamic RCS of the helicopter. The presented DSM is effective and efficient to analyze and determine the dynamic electromagnetic scattering characteristics of conventional helicopters or coaxial helicopters.     

典型布局飞机电磁散射特性数值计算研究

电磁隐身对飞行器战场生存力具有重要影响,作战任务不同,对应的飞行器布局形式也不同,而飞行器布局形式会影响其电磁散射特性。建立四种典型布局形式和电磁模型,基于物理光学法,数值模拟不同布局飞行器的RCS曲线,并分析RCS分布特点;对常规和特殊布局模型,研究其电磁散射的频率响应特性。结果表明:飞机布局决定RCS分布形式,在前向角域内,布局A-1、A-2、B、C、D的电磁隐身性能呈震荡提高趋势,RCS均值从7.770 0dBsm震荡降低至-30.067 3dBsm,布局B的RCS均值为-10.434 7dBsm;而不同布局的后向和周向角域电磁隐身性能依次提高,后向RCS均值由常规布局的22.702 5dBsm缩减为-25.093 8dBsm,周向由7.039 1dBsm缩减为-15.137 3dBsm;在高频区域,频率增加对RCS曲线分布特点影响较小,但曲线震荡性更加明显,RCS算术均值降低。     

座舱及进气道对某飞翼布局电磁散射影响

座舱和进气道对飞行器隐身性能有重要作用。为分析座舱及进气道的散射影响特性,建立了四种包含不同部件的电磁模型,结合物理光学法和雷达截面积(RCS)均值相对增值概念,研究了RCS曲线分布影响、俯仰角响应特性、频率响应特性。结果表明:考虑隐身设计的座舱和进气道不改变散射分布特性,RCS曲线分布特性相似;俯仰角增加,座舱影响较小,进气道、混合座舱和进气道前向、后向、周向角域相对增值震荡性递增,频率增加,座舱对电磁散射影响不大,进气道、混合座舱和进气道的前向、后向角域的相对增值震荡减小。座舱对电磁散射影响较小,前向相对增值位于-2.4～1 dB之间,进气道对电磁散射影响较大,前向相对增值为2～12 dB。     

鸭翼的雷达散射截面影响研究

针对鸭翼对鸭式布局战斗机整机的雷达散射截面（RCS）影响进行了较详细的研究与分析。首先，分析了鸭翼的散射机理，然后运用多层快速多极子方法（MLFMM）进行特定模型的整机外形RCS计算，通过鸭式布局和常规布局的RCS对比，分析了鸭翼散射对整机RCS的影响，包括鸭翼偏转状态下对整机的影响。然后，通过试验方法研究了鸭翼边缘散射和对缝散射的影响以及相应的抑制措施。研究结果表明，对鸭翼散射进行抑制或消除之后，鸭式布局完全可以应用于高隐身飞机的布局设计，其隐身性能与常规布局相当。最后，总结得出鸭翼隐身设计的指导性原则。     

基于流体力学和电磁学方程数值求解的飞行器气动隐身一体化设计

介绍了基于流体力学和电磁学方程数值求解的飞行器气动隐身一体化设计方法.首先介绍了精度相对较高的飞行器气动和隐身特性数值计算方法,即,对于气动性能计算,求解的是结构网格上的NS方程加BL代数湍流模式;对于隐身特性计算,是用时域有限体积法来求解电磁学微分方程以获取RCS值.由于采用了高精度的数值方法,优化时单一设计点的气动性能计算和隐身性能计算变得较为耗时,因此在进行多目标遗传算法优化时本文采用了一种"少量样本计算+Kriging响应面模型建模"的优化策略.针对某类似X-47飞行器的一体化设计算例计算表明,上述设计方法是可行的,实现了优化设计中引入高精度的性能分析方法,有望提高优化结果的可信度.     

利用FFT方法分析自旋目标RCS变化周期

提出了分析自旋稳定目标RCS（雷达反射截面积）变化周期的FFT（快速傅里叶变换）模型,并分段对特定的多个同类型目标做了算例分析,显示出相对其他目标,自旋稳定目标在起旋前频谱能量主要集中在极低频（0.5Hz以下）;在起旋后,除了在极低频部分有集中的能量,在某些频点附近可能会出现相对比较集中的能量。最后给出了该自旋稳定目标RCS变化周期的量化结果和适用性结论。     

Shape preserving topology optimization for structural radar cross section control

The purpose of this paper is to present a shape preserving topology optimization method to prevent the adverse effects of the mechanical deformation on the Radar Cross Section(RCS).The optimization will suppress the variation of RCS on the perfect conductor surface by structural design. On the one hand, the physical optics method is utilized to calculate the structural RCS,which is based on the surface displacement field obtained from the finite element analysis of the structure. The correspondi...