GEO地磁亚暴多能量电子带电评估方法研究

文章着眼于提高地球同步轨道(GEO)空间地磁亚暴带电效应模拟的真实度,对多能量电子模拟空间地磁亚暴带电的方法进行分析评估。首先采用单一能量电子束的地面试验对SENSIT工程软件进行了校准;然后参考地磁亚暴环境能谱,用该软件对Kapton样品在单一电子束、双电子束、全能谱电子辐照下的充放电特性进行了计算预示。研究表明：表面充电速率受控于电流密度;在12．5keV/32．5keV电子束组合时其效应模拟的结果最有代表性;在双电子束模拟中,较高能量电子源起关键作用。     

影响GEO卫星长寿命高可靠的空间环境因素及其评估、验证和保障技术研究

文章叙述了空间环境与卫星长寿命高可靠的关系,着重分析了影响GEO卫星长寿命高可靠的各种空间环境效应,如:地磁亚暴电子造成的卫星表面带电及诱导的二次放电、辐射带高能电子引起卫星内带电、太阳耀斑质子和银河宇宙射线造成的单粒子效应、空间带电粒子和太阳电磁辐照造成的辐照总剂量效应以及空间环境下敏感表面的污染效应等.文章最后给出GEO卫星空间环境效应的评估、验证和保障技术研究的必要性及其主要研究方向.     

航天器表面充电仿真计算和电位主动控制技术

文章运用等效电路理论推导出随时间变化充电问题的微分方程组,用FORTRAN语言开发了相应的计算机模拟程序,针对强地磁亚暴空间环境分析了地球同步轨道航天器在阴影区和光照区的充电水平。最后计算讨论了采用空心阴极等离子体接触器向航天器外发射电子束作为控制航天器充电水平手段的作用效果。     

中国启动地球空间双星探测计划

中国国家航天局近日在北京宣布,“地球空间双星探测计划”正式启动。双星计划的主要科学目标是探测近地赤道区和近地极区两个近地磁层活动区的电磁场和能量粒子的时空变化规律,系统研究磁层亚暴、磁层暴和磁层粒子暴的触发机制及其对太阳活动和行星际扰动响应的全球     

地面低能电子辐照受地磁场影响的数值计算研究

大辐照面发散型电子枪是大型磁层亚暴环境试验系统的关键部件之一。文章利用数值计算方法研究了地磁场对地面低能电子辐照的偏转效应,分析了电子束流中心偏转距离和偏转角随地磁场强度、电子枪加速电压的变化规律,最后通过试验印证了数值计算结果。研究的结果对于研制应用于大型磁层亚暴环境试验系统的大辐照面发散型电子枪具有一定的指导意义。     

中国启动地球空间双星探测计划

中国国家航天局近日在北京宣布，“地球空间双星探测计划”正式启动。 双星计划的主要科学目标是探测近地赤道区和近地极区两个近地磁层活动区的电磁场和能量粒子的时空变化规律，系统研究磁层亚暴、磁层暴和磁层粒子暴的触发机制及其对太阳活动和行星际扰动响应的全球过程，建立符合实际的空间环境动态模式，研究相应的预报方法。 双星计划由一颗赤道区小卫星和一颗极区小卫星组成，这两颗卫星将运行于目前国际上地球空间探测卫星尚未覆盖的地球空间重要活动区。 该计划是由中国科学院刘振兴院士牵头提出的，中国国家航天局和中国科学院对…     

强磁暴期间磁尾高速流的多卫星联合观测

使用多时空尺度的多卫星数据研究磁尾高速流,已经取得了很多重要成果。文章介绍了一次持续时间大约为3天的强磁暴期间的地磁台站和多卫星联合观测。IMAGE卫星的极光观测表明有14个孤立亚暴发生。运行在靠近磁尾的CLUSTER星簇（C1、C3卫星）和运行在靠近地球的DSP-1卫星均观测到了多次地向和尾向高速整体流。多卫星联合观测给出了不同位置处地向和尾向高速整体流的分布特征。     

近地空间磁场梯度分布特性及磁力效应研究

以国际地磁参考场模型IGRF11为基础,推导出地球磁场梯度分布公式,并对近地空间磁场分布特点进行了分析。由基本磁力学可知,带强磁体的航天器在地磁环境中不仅受到磁力矩作用,还将受到与地磁梯度相关的磁力的影响。根据地磁环境下的磁体受力机理,文章讨论了以弱磁力改变轨道倾角的方法,并通过数值仿真验证了其有效性。     

高精度地磁场模拟系统的设计与研究

根据地磁导航半实物仿真中磁场环境仿真需求,建立了高精度地磁场模拟系统,通过试验说明了系统中建立零磁空间的必要性并验证了磁屏蔽筒的屏蔽效果,同时对系统的准确性和实时性进行了试验研究。仿真结果表明,在考虑响应时间的前提下,系统能够准确实时地模拟飞行航迹上的地磁总场值,能够为地磁匹配导航半实物仿真提供真实可信的磁场仿真环境。     

航天器表面充电的数值模拟

根据等效电路理论模式,通过计算机模拟了航天器在强亚暴空间环境下阴暗区和光照区两种不同环境下的表面充电情况。选取了比较有代表性的充电情况的等效元进行分析,并参照了ATS-6卫星的实际数据。结果表明,考虑到数值模拟中各种近似条件的假设,模拟结果和实际充电情况基本符合。     

Turbulence in the Plasma Sheet during Substorms: A Case Study for Three Events Observed by the INTERBALL Tail Probe

Variations of turbulence properties of the plasma sheet during geomagnetic substorms are investigated using observations of the INTERBALL Tail Probe satellite. The periods are chosen when the satellite was inside the plasma sheet. Fluctuations of the plasma bulk velocity across the plasma sheet are studied for the growth, expansion, and recovery phases of geomagnetic substorms on October 14, 1997; October 30, 1997; and December 16, 1998. It was demonstrated that the level of turbulence increases considerably after the onset of the substorm expansion phase and slowly decreases nearly to the presubstorm level later. The correlation times of plasma fluctuations in the Z-direction are estimated, and diffusion coefficients in the Z-direction are calculated.     

Effect of magnetic storms and substorms on GPS slips at high latitudes

The dynamics of slips in navigation signal parameters of GPS from 2010 to 2014 is considered for the stations of the IGS and CHAIN networks located in the Arctic region. On the basis of almost continuous (more than 8 million hours) observations at around 200 receiving stations, we investigate the probability of “instrumental” loss of phase and pseudo-range as well as short-term variations in the high rate of change of the total electron content (TEC) in different geomagnetic conditions. Quantitative estimates for the impact of geomagnetic disturbances on the slips of these parameters are given. The slip probabilities for TEC are significantly (100–200 times) higher than those of purely instrumental slips and grow during geomagnetic storms and substorms. The growth of instrumental slips may be caused by the increased absorption that occurs during geomagnetic storms, among other reasons, and is an indicator of auroral intrusions of highenergy particles.     

The Earth's Magnetosphere Response to Solar Wind Events according to the INTERBALL Project Data

The results of studying the interaction of two types of the solar wind (magnetic clouds and solar wind of extremely low density) with the Earth's magnetosphere are discussed. This study is based of the INTERBALL space project measurements and on the other ground-based and space observations. For moderate variations of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters, the response of the magnetosphere is similar to its response to similar changes in the absence of magnetic clouds and depends on a previous history of IMF variations. Extremely large density variations on the interplanetary shocks, and on leading and trailing edges of the clouds result in a strong deformation of the magnetosphere, in large-scale motion of the geomagnetic tail, and in the development of magnetic substorms and storms. The important consequences of these processes are: (1) the observation of regions of the magnetosphere and its boundaries at great distances from the average location; (2) density and temperature variations in the outer regions of the magnetosphere; (3) multiple crossings of geomagnetic tail boundaries by a satellite; and (4) bursty fluxes of electrons and ions in the magnetotail, auroral region, and the polar cap. Several polar activations and substorms can develop during a single magnetic cloud arrival; a greater number of these events are accompanied, as a rule, by the development of a stronger magnetic storm. A gradual, but very strong, decrease of the solar wind density on May 10–12, 1999, did not cause noticeable change of geomagnetic indices, though it resulted in considerable expansion of the magnetosphere.     

卫星整星充、退磁机理研究

文章从理论上阐述了卫星整星充、退磁的机理,对其中地磁场环境中退磁与零磁场环境中退磁的差别,地磁场环境中退磁的时效性,退磁频率、波形、幅值以及周期与退磁效果的关系,磁波形与退磁效果的关系,不同材料、不同尺度的情况下退磁的效果,充磁试验与地磁场环境中材料的充磁的差别以及卫星整星充、退磁试验中退磁场的选取等问题进行了详细的理论分析,对于卫星整星充、退磁试验技术有指导作用.     

Specific features of solar cosmic ray fluxes and geomagnetic conditions on December 5–18, 2006

Results of the analysis of specific features of solar activity, dynamics of solar cosmic ray fluxes, and state of the interplanetary medium are presented for the period December 5–18, 2006. The data analysis is based on new model concepts on coronal and interplanetary propagation of solar cosmic rays: partial capture into the magnetic field traps and oscillations at reflections from magnetic mirrors. Some new hypotheses about possible relations of the features of the interplanetary medium with processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere are put forward: the influence of the discrete interplanetary medium on processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere does exist always and, in this sense, it is a fundamental phenomenon; the discreteness of the inter-planetary medium can be one of the causes of geomagnetic substorms.     

中低轨道地磁动态模拟器

文章介绍了1台能为中低轨道飞行器提供动态地磁场环境的模拟器,详细论述了模拟器的系统组成、线圈结构、电源和磁强计指标参数、控制方式和调试方法,介绍了根据WMM2000地磁场模型计算出轨道上各点的磁场值,利用数值分析的方法找出输出电流与产生磁场大小的对应表达式,从而根据计算出的磁场值和输出电流,用程控电源成功实现了中低轨道地磁场的动态模拟.     

航天器近地空间环境效应综述

空间环境是影响航天器飞行的重要因素之一。文章在总结近地空间环境含义的基础上,按形成因素对近地空间环境进行分类,并详细分析了辐射环境、摄动环境、磁场环境、等离子体环境、微流星体和冷黑环境及其对近地空间航天器的效应。     

航天器空间动态磁场模拟技术

文章论述了卫星空间动态磁场模拟技术的原理和方案,阐述了对方案的工程化实现所进行的必要计算及对系统的各个部分所进行的研究设计。在此基础上建立了一套动态磁场模拟系统,为卫星空间动态磁场模拟试验提供了条件。