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近年来,基于可见光图像的目标识别在无人车感知领域得到了广泛应用.然而,可见光图像目标识别无法应用于弱光和黑暗环境.针对于此,提出了一种基于红外视觉/激光雷达融合的目标识别与定位算法.首先,通过基于颜色迁移的数据增强训练方法,提高了红外目标识别算法的泛化性能.继而,提出了一种基于激光雷达修正的单目深度估计方法,通过视觉图像与激光雷达点云的数据融合,实现了基于稠密深度图对目标位置的估计,提高了对小目标的定位能力.试验结果表明,与传统Yolov3目标识别算法相比,该算法平均识别准确率可提升5.8%;此外,相对定位算法将包含小目标在内的物体相对定位精度提高了13.4%. 相似文献
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针对插头锥套式自主空中加油过程中加油锥套的识别跟踪问题,提出了一种基于Cam Shift的视觉识别跟踪算法。选取加油锥套跟踪视觉特征,将RGB空间图像转换到HSV色彩空间,并采用自适应阈值算法分割图像。运用最小二乘椭圆拟合算法解算锥套在图像中的中心点坐标;根据目标像素位置变换速度,对Mean Shift算法的目标搜索窗宽进行自适应修正;定义基于巴氏系数的阈值函数,处理锥套被遮挡的情况;将VC与Open CV相结合,设计了加油锥套视觉跟踪软件,对锥套位置进行实时解算和显示。试验结果表明,该算法可达到毫米级精度,满足自主空中加油视觉导航的技术要求。 相似文献
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空间对抗态势下,针对非合作航天器的快速高精度智能感知、意图识别与威胁评估等在轨相对导航任务,均依赖精准的目标三维模型先验信息。但星载传感器感知视场有限,传统基于多帧图像的模型重构算法存在流程复杂、实时性差及恢复精度低等问题。为此,提出了一种基于单视图的航天器三维体素重构算法,能够基于单帧图像高效地恢复目标的空间三维信息。首先,针对空间航天器视觉感知任务研究中普遍存在的数据饥饿问题,通过整理航天器三维模型,利用图像渲染技术构建了小规模本地数据集,包括航天器三维模型、对应体素和多视角采样图像三部分。接着,设计了基于单视图的三维重建模型,使用单帧非合作航天器图像作为输入,通过2D-3D混合卷积完成“编码-解码-调优”三个子模块计算,实现对目标三维体素结构的恢复。最后,在本地数据集上进行网络模型的训练和评估,验证了当前模型能够实时精确重建目标航天器三维体素模型,并在现有数据上取得了0.895的MIoU值;同时,网络对不同航天器的重建效果体现了模型具有强大的泛化能力。 相似文献
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首先介绍了交会对接成像敏感器图像光点匹配算法.基于对在轨图像光点动态特性的研究,为解决交会对接过程中目标误识别、误匹配,以及匹配、适配过程严重耗时的缺陷,提出了光点形状筛选和光点大小分组2套匹配改进算法,并设计了基于光点形状大小动态特性改进的光点匹配算法.该方法以交会对接走廊中不同相对距离时目标光斑大小的最大差别为依据,针对每一个光点,仅将光斑大小与其在同一合理范围内的其他光点一起进行目标匹配.实验结果表明,该方法杜绝误匹配等异常错误的同时,极大地提高了运算效率.该方法可以成为在轨交会对接末段制导实时测算的重要保障,目前已在众多航天器在轨交会对接、空间交会逼近试验中使用. 相似文献
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针对基于视觉的航天器相对导航问题,利用对偶数推导并给出了航天器相对耦合动力学方程,该方程一体化描述了追踪航天器相对于目标航天器的姿态运动和轨道运动,且考虑了由非质心点引起的相对姿态与相对轨道之间的耦合影响。在对偶代数的框架内,统一描述了目标航天器上的特征点和特征线,并基于特征点、线在像平面的投影建立了多特征融合的单目视觉测量模型。最后通过对系统状态方程以及测量方程的线性化,应用迭代扩展卡尔曼滤波(IEKF)算法对非质心点的相对运动状态进行了估计。仿真结果表明,本文的算法能够对航天器非质心点的相对运动状态进行较高精度的估计。 相似文献
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空间碎片在轨识别与参数辨识为空间轨道预警、航天器规避空间碎片提供了重要依据。文章在轨道相对动力学的基础上,模拟了空间碎片在光学探测过程中的拖尾成像特性;随后,采用 Hough变换对空间碎片尾迹特征.r进行提取与识别,获取碎片方位角信息,通过匹配多帧图像,获取碎片的方位角速度信息。同时,结合激光测距仪的测距信息,获取空间碎片的位置和速度信息;通过数值仿真验证,该方法能够实现对空间碎片探测、识别和定位,因而具有一定的工程应用价值。 相似文献
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NING Guo-dong ZHANG Shu-guang FANG Zhen-ping 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):1-8
A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method. 相似文献
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基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明:该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。 相似文献
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The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation. 相似文献
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Abnormal Shape Mould Winding 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fu Hongya Wang Xianfeng Han Zhenyu Fu Yunzhong 《中国航空学报》2007,20(6):552-558
为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。 相似文献
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FU Hong-jun MA Chong-qi KUANG Nai-hang LUAN Shi-lin 《中国航空学报》2007,20(2):124-128
This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered. 相似文献
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Xu Chenghai Meng Songhe Zhang Mingfu Zuo Hongbo Wang Guigen 《中国航空学报》2007,20(5):475-480
本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。 相似文献
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CHENG Wen-yuan CHANG Yan CUI De-gang XIE Xiang-hui 《中国航空学报》2007,20(1):55-59
To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm (PPGA) is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis (FEA) software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources. 相似文献