共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
针对机载惯性/全球导航卫星系统(INS/GNSS)组合导航系统地面静基座对准时间较长、航向对准精度较低以及惯导空中故障重启后无法快速得到精确姿态信息重新进入导航状态等问题,提出一种快速初始对准方法。该对准方法基于惯性导航比力方程,利用GNSS的定位、测速信息与惯性测量组件(IMU)的输出信息解算载体姿态信息,并结合遗传-牛顿算法与求和自回归滑动平均(ARIMA)模型卡尔曼滤波信号降噪技术提高姿态信息的解算精度。基于实测飞行数据的解算验证了该方法的有效性、对准精度以及在实际工程应用中的优越性。 相似文献
2.
This paper describes the development of a low-cost and small size integrated Global Positioning System (GPS)/inertial measurement unit (IMU). The developed strapdown Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) is capable of providing attitude and heading accuracy at ±0.2 and ±0.4 degrees, respectively. The prototype of low-cost integrated GPS/IMU can give positioning accuracy of 10 metres 相似文献
3.
针对全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)因频点单一、落地功率低、易受电磁干扰以及存在覆盖较差区域等潜在的被拒止或被干扰导致的导航系统性能降低甚至失效的问题,提出了一种基于星链(Starlink)机会信号融合惯性导航系统(INS)的飞行器动态组合导航方法。首先分析了星链信号体制,建立了基于星链星座卫星下行机会信号的瞬时多普勒定位观测模型,设计了一种基于频率细分的快速最大似然多普勒频率估计方法,然后建立了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)的Starlink机会信号/INS的组合导航模型,并对该导航方法进行了实验及分析。结果表明,该方法可为飞行器提供长航时、连续、高精度的导航。动态飞行情况下,该方法可实现平均优于25 m的三维定位精度和平均优于0.1 m/s的速度估计精度,比相同观测时间下的惯导精度提高了1~2个数量级,显著提高了飞行器的导航精度,可为战略导航提供方法和技术支撑。 相似文献
4.
为保证机载捷联惯组的导航精度能够达到要求,需要对惯组定期进行返厂标定,成本高、周期长,也影响载机的使用效率,故而机载惯组在线标校技术的研究一直在不断进行中。对大中型运输机的机载惯组而言,由于其机体较大、机动能力较差,很难完成诸如S机动等复杂的机动动作,故而需要对其常规飞行机动状态下机载SINS/GPS组合导航系统的可观测性进行分析。利用GPS提供的速度和位置信息作为外部观测量来设计Kalman滤波器,采用基于分段线性定常系统(PWCS)的奇异值分解法(SVD),对飞机静止、起降、匀速飞行、匀加减速飞行、转弯等一系列常规机动条件下系统的可观测性和可观测度进行研究。通过Matlab仿真和转台实验,验证了组合导航系统可观测性分析结论的有效性,可为机载惯组的在线标校提供一定参考。 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
陀螺零偏和加速度计零偏是影响惯性测量单元(IMU)积分精度的重要因素。提供一组精确的实时的零偏估计可以提高IMU的积分精度,为视觉导航提供良好的位姿预测,提高整个系统的动态性能。通过合理地建立IMU的噪声模型以及IMU和视觉的组合方程,利用一种基于李群和李代数知识的IMU预积分方法将零偏进行合理的线性化,运用Kalman滤波进行IMU零偏的在线估计。实验结果表明,通过本文的修正方法,惯性导航的平均积累误差由0.034m/s提高到0.0037m/s,精度明显提高。 相似文献
8.
北斗导航系统完好性是指北斗导航系统不能用于导航服务或导航精度超出给定范围时,具备及时发现故障并通知用户的能力.针对北斗导航完好性检测问题,为改善北斗导航定位系统的精度、连续性、完好性和可用性,研究了基于惯性辅助的北斗导航故障检测方法,设计了北斗导航系统的量测修正与故障检测实现方案,构建了基于新息正交性的自适应滤波北斗/SINS紧组合导航架构,根据滑动窗口内新息动态变化特性修正系统量测噪声方差,在北斗导航信号受到较大干扰、发生异常的情况下,对品质较差的卫星测量信号进行识别,并对检测超出一定阈值的突变卫星信号实现故障隔离,从而提高系统适应能力,增强北斗/SINS紧组合导航系统容错性.构建了北斗/SINS组合导航系统仿真验证模型,结果表明,基于惯性辅助的北斗导航方法能够有效检测出卫星信号故障,提高了系统的适应性和定位精度. 相似文献
9.
10.
针对现有组合导航系统易被干扰欺骗以及姿态求解精度不足的问题,设计了惯性测量单元(IMU)与偏振光传感器组成的航姿参考系统(AHRS)。同时,考虑到传统的姿态求解方法精度不高,提出了一种用于仿生导航无人机航姿求解的混合滤波方法。将Mahony滤波后的姿态值作为系统观测量,再结合扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)实现传感器数据的深层融合,以获得高精度的姿态角信息。实验结果表明:在静态环境下采用混合滤波方法求解的姿态值能有效滤除偏振光传感器和加速度计内部噪声干扰,其稳定性明显优于两种方法各自求解时的情况;在动态实验中该方法能有效抑制单独采用Mahony滤波时存在的超调问题,表现出更高的动态解算精度,从而为偏振光组合导航系统提供了更精确的姿态估计信息。 相似文献
11.
12.
GPS/INS uses low-cost MEMS IMU 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
13.
Kharin E.G. Polikarpov V.G. Kopylov L.A. Kopelovich V.A. Kozhurin V.R. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2007,22(3):26-29
In past years, the onboard trajectory measurements complex (OTMC) was found in flight tests of flight vehicles (FV). The quick-release small-sized complex makes registration of the information of onboard systems, definition of trajectory parameters of FV, the information synchronization of onboard systems, and trajectory parameters. OTMC is used for the solution of the whole set of different tasks on estimation of the characteristics of FV and its onboard equipment. With the help OTMC in flight tests there solved the tasks of estimation: operation and accuracy characteristics of air navigation computing systems, inertial navigational systems, integrated navigational systems; SNS receivers, landing radio engineering systems, accuracy of flights under the standard takeoff patterns and landing, take-off and landing characteristics, accuracy characteristics of radars, corrections of high-altitude, fast-track parameters, systems of early warning of ground proximity etc 相似文献
14.
Nielson John T. Swearingen Gary W. Witsmeer A. J. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》1986,1(3):20-26
The Global Positioning System is an extremely accurate satellite-based navigation system which, after its completion in 1989, will provide users worldwide, 24 hour. all weather coverage. A joint research project among Boeing, Rockwell-Collins, and Northrop has been completed in which a GPS receiver was integrated with a low-cost strap-down inertial navigation system and a flight computer. A Kalman filter in the latter allows in-fight alignment and calibration of the INS. In addition, feedback from the INS to the GPS receiver improves the system's ability to reacquire satellite signals after outages. The resulting system combines the accuracy of GPS with the jamming immunity and autonomy of inertial navigation. System tests were conducted in which a Boeing owned T-33 jet aircraft was flown through known test pattern to align and calibrate the INS. Earlier tests, including tests against an airborne jammer, were conducted in a modified passenger bus. 相似文献
15.
《IEEE transactions on aerospace and electronic systems》1989,25(5):775-781
A microwave scanning beam landing system from the 1950s and 1960s is still operating routinely. It depends on airborne reception of pulse-coded signals from mechanically scanned antennas. Military versions include the US Navy's C-Scan for carrier landings and the Tactical Instrument Landing System used in Sweden. Other sets, called microwave scanning beam landing systems, serve Space Shuttle orbiters. System concepts and functional hardware requirements were tested extensively by on-ground and flight procedures. Both the US Navy and Sweden purchased operational equipments in 1969 相似文献
16.
17.
机抖激光陀螺捷联系统普遍采用抖频偏频技术消除闭锁效应的影响,这使得激光惯导成为自带激励源的动力学系统,动力学系统结构参数的设计将影响陀螺抖动效率和陀螺测量精度。在陀螺抖动驱动力条件下,建立了包含激光惯导箱体、惯性测量本体、陀螺、减振器、抖轮在内的较为完整的动力学模型,给出了该模型的解答过程和Matlab仿真计算结果,讨论了不同结构参数对抖动效率及惯导精度的影响规律,并在此基础上提出了激光惯导结构基于动特性设计的原则和方法。经验证,该方法能够有效指导结构转动惯量等参数设计,提高了设计质量,有效避免了激光惯导由结构设计不足而导致的动力学问题。 相似文献
18.
在黑障区飞行阶段中,惯性导航系统会因缺少辅助导航系统而持续累积误差,导致飞行器导航系统可靠性下降。针对这一问题,提出了一种新的基于极限学习机的黑障区智能导航算法,通过极限学习机(ELM)对GPS正常工作的导航信息进行学习。在黑障区,利用学习得到的模型对惯性导航系统进行误差补偿,较好地修正了当GPS失锁时惯性导航系统的误差,避免了因误差累积而导致的导航信息发散。仿真结果表明,该算法能够保证在GPS失锁的黑障区中导航系统输出的信息有较好的可靠性和精度,能够为接下来的姿态调整和着陆准备提供良好的基础。 相似文献
19.
《Aerospace Science and Technology》2007,11(6):499-506
Autonomous and safe landing spacecraft on moon and planetary bodies is a rather difficult and risky task. Accurate relative navigation between the spacecraft and the planetary surface is essential, together with the autonomous hazard detection and avoidance. This paper describes the vision-aided inertial navigation (VAIN) scheme to meet the pinpoint landing requirement of the next generation planetary lander. Images of distinctive surface feature called feature points/landmarks are detected and tracked autonomously to improve the performance of inertial navigation. Landmark image information derived from optical navigation camera and the spacecraft state information sensed by IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) are integrated in extended Kalman filter algorithm. The validity of the proposed navigation scheme is confirmed by computer simulation. 相似文献
20.
微波着陆系统MLS的最优航迹计算以减小居民最敏感的生理噪声为基本优化性能准则,用感觉噪声级Sone为单位。计算了考虑了噪声传播时温度、风梯度、沿进场航迹附近区域生活居民区分布位置及密度等影响。通过对杜塞尔道夫-罗奥申航空港计算结果证实,使航空港附近居民的平均有效感觉生理噪声级(Sone)较原有Jeppesen标准方式降低了20%以上。 相似文献