面向空管模拟机培训的智能应答机长研究

针对当前日益增长的空中交通管制员(以下简称“管制员”)培训需求以及传统管制员培训模拟机面临的效率低等问题,设计了 1个面向空管模拟机培训的智能应答机长系统。该系统利用语音识别、指令提取、指令复诵、语音合成等技术,能够实现对管制模拟培训过程中管制员语音的智能识别和理解,并模拟飞行员自动输出复诵指令的功能。通过对真实空管对话语音模式的研究和分析,制定了 1套详细的复诵规则,以适应不同场景下的管制指令复诵模式。此外,集成了特情处理模块以支持管制员特情处理培训。在真实管制培训环境下进行实验验证,结果表明,所提出的智能应答机长系统综合复诵准确率为 88.6%,可以有效提升管制员培训质量和效率,显著降低了人力成本。并且,该系统可以作为子系统集成到现有的管制员培训模拟机系统中,具有较强的便捷性和兼容性。     

民航空管语音交换系统的发展水平和新技术动态

国际民航组织(ICAO)倡导雷达管制移交和话音管制移交互为备份手段,民航空管语音交换系统在空管设备保障业务中起到了越来越重要的作用.本文介绍了民航空管语音交换系统在民航空管业务中的作用和地位;阐述了目前民航空管语音交换设备的发展水平,并分析了民航空管语音交换系统的最新技术动态.     

基于网络的雷达管制模拟机培训系统设计与开发

日益紧张的管制模拟机教学资源,制约了空中交通管制学员实践技能的培养,基于网络的雷达管制模拟机培训系统可有效突破管制专业实训课程的瓶颈。系统由网络管理平台和雷达管制模拟培训系统两大部分组成。系统的网络设计采用Client+Web Service(客户端+网络服务)和B/S(浏览器端/服务端)两种架构体系来实现,雷达管制模拟培训系统采用C#+Web Service+XNA进行编程,实现学员的基本技能及提高技能的培养。系统的结构设计采用基于Microsoft.Net架构的多层结构和面向对象的模块化设计方式,服务端数据库采用SQL Server数据库,可快速有效地进行数据管理和维护。此外,系统依据中国民航雷达管制的管制规则,建立了相应的计分规则,实现了自动评分功能。该系统可拓宽空管学员的训练手段,提高空管培训的效率,具有一定的应用价值。     

语音识别在空中交通管制中的应用挑战与发展

研究一种安全可靠的管制语音识别系统对于推进空管自动化进程、降低管制人员负荷、提升安全效能至关重要。对管制语音识别技术发展所面临的挑战进行了详细介绍,测试科大讯飞、腾讯云、阿里云、上海麦图这4家公司的商用语音识别系统。结果表明,在前3家通用领域的商用ASR系统中,科大讯飞识别效果最好,CER为25.36%。相比之下,由于麦图的产品是基于ATC数据训练,具有最佳性能,其CER为15.02%。此外,设计了实验来探究人工设计的语音特征和基于自监督预训练策略提取的特征之间的优缺点。结果表明,后者有利于提升识别系统识别准确率和鲁棒性,但存在推理速度慢和部署难度大的问题。最后,总结了研究进展并进行了未来展望。     

电子进程单系统与CDM系统信息共享在塔台管制中的应用

<正>塔台电子进程单系统是专门为机场塔台管制所设计。系统的核心目的是通过一个集成的管理工具减少塔台管制工作中多个管制席位之间的内部交流和协调。塔台管制员可使用该系统进行管制席位之间协调移交航班,保证管制工作顺畅。同样可以在条件允许的情况下通过该系统与进近管制单位进行移交,它将是未来管制部门间不可或缺的协调工具。CDM系统是将空管、机场、航空公司等可利用运行信息资源集成为一体的信息平台,更加合理、     

简讯

民航广州地区正式实施雷达管制RadarManagementCarriedoutinGuangzhouArea民航广州地区于2000年元月5日零时（北京时）起正式实施了雷达管制。整个飞行管制服务区实施雷达管制在中国民航尚属第一次，这是具有历史性的突破和几代空管人辛勤努力的结果。中南空管局空中交通管制中心经过多年对管制区域航路和航线进行调整，对管制区域进行合理地划分扇区，对管制工作程序进行了优化，加强了管制人员模拟机雷达管制的培训，引进了美国先进的多雷达处理系统和基高频通信设备，为实施雷达管制做了充分的准备。雷达管制是目前世界上空管系统使用…     

空管自动化系统雷达航迹与飞行计划自动相关浅析

空管自动化系统通过FDP（flight data processing飞行数据处理），收发AFTN电报，对飞行数据进行计算和推算，从而实现航空器的雷达航迹与飞行计划相关，为管制人员提供航空器的准确位置信息。本文主要简介雷达航迹和飞行计划自动相关的基本原理，以此对大连空管自动化系统中自动相关的几种情况进行分析。     

雷达管制模拟练习绩效模糊综合评价研究

为了实现新一代雷达管制模拟机练习的自动评价,建立雷达管制模拟练习综合评价指标体系结构．运用层次分析法确定各个评价因素的权重系数,根据雷达管制练习中的要求建立评价因素的隶属函数。确定模糊综合评价模型,并运用模型对3名学员的雷达管制模拟练习进行了模糊综合评价。     

对加强空管系统党员队伍建设的思考

民航空管系统不仅仅是管制部门,而是机关职能部门、管制部门、技术保障部门的综合体,其党组织、行政组织、群众组织三位一体。空管系统多年的情况表明,党员队伍是空管安全、改革、建设、发展的重要力量,党员队伍的资源是空管系统最主要的人力资源。因此,党员素质的高低,对实现空管日常运行保障、加强空管文化建设、提高空管服务质量、推动空管技术革新、创建和谐空管,都具有十分重要的作用。     

双岗制下不同席位管制员工作负荷差异性研究

双岗制是中国民航空管基层安全管理的重要措施,合理分配指挥席与协调席任务是确保双岗制有效实施的前提,因此分析不同席位管制员工作负荷是一项有意义的工作.本文以时间线分析方法为基本思路,结合DORATASK方法建立管制员工作负荷评价模型,利用该模型对指挥席工作负荷和协调席工作负荷进行测量.通过对某管制室实时数据的采集和分析,得出两个席位上的工作负荷存在显著差异,并且这种差异性在该管制室主要受协调航班量的影响.     

农林5A型飞机驾驶员座椅FAA适航验证强度分析

介绍了农5A飞机驾驶员座椅在FAA适航取证中的强度验证计算方法。先对农5A飞机驾驶员座椅验证试验假件作用在安全带和肩带上载荷进行了分析,然后施加到座椅强度有限元计算模型上进行计算。座椅经参考强度计算结果设计改进后,顺利完成了强度验证试验,满足了FAA适航要求。本文为小型飞机座椅适航取证提供了思路和方法。     

Aiding vertical guidance understanding

A study was conducted to evaluate training and displays for the vertical guidance system of a modern glass cockpit airliner. The experiment consisted of a complete flight performed in a fixed-base simulator with airline pilots. Three groups were used to evaluate a new flight mode annunciator display and vertical navigation training. Results showed improved pilot performance with training and significant improvements with the training and the Guidance-Flight Mode Annunciator. Using actual behavior of the avionics to design pilot training and FMA is feasible and yields better pilot performance.     

Speech variability in automatic speaker recognition systems for commercial and forensic purposes

Speaker recognition is a major task when security applications through speech input are needed. Nevertheless, speech variability is a main degradation factor in speaker recognition tasks. Both intra-speaker and external variability sources produce mismatch between training and testing phases. In this contribution, channel and inter-session variability are explored in order to accomplish real automatic systems for both commercial and forensic speaker recognition. Results are presented making use of "AHUMADA", a subset of "GAUDI" large speaker recognition-oriented database in Spanish.     

Voice recognition: software solutions in real-time ATC workstations

Speech recognition features desired by air traffic controllers, such as the ability to use complex messages and address hundreds of individual aircraft could not be implemented a decade ago, but these tasks became possible with improved speech recognition engines and an increase in processing power and memory. Speech recognition was a key element in the air traffic controller (ATC) workstation used to support a Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) system. Our work, under the direction of the Avionics Engineering Center at Ohio University, was in support of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Runway Incursion Reduction Program (RIRP) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Runway Incursion Prevention System (RIPS) conducted at the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport (DFW). This paper examines the challenges and opportunities of developing voice recognition software solutions in ATC workstations using multiple dialects and accents, complex and varied grammars and terminology, accuracy, hardware restrictions, and user-training procedures.     

Digital air/ground communications for air traffic control

The early 1990's communications for air traffic control (ATC) uses analog single channel radios with conventional amplitude modulation (AM) in the very high frequency (VHF) band. To overcome eventual saturation of the current system, a sample “next generation” ATC communications system has been designed to increase capabilities and provide a graceful transition from the current system. The new ATC communication system must address problems with the modulation format and a balance between increased channel capacity and overall cost. The controller/pilot workloads can be reduced in that the information segments allow for either semi-automatic or fully automatic handoff or frequency change. The principal performance factor is the addition of data, fully integrated with voice, while offering an increase in throughput. The architecture is structured to put priority on the uplink voice messages while offering significant information capacity capabilities for external data sources. When digital data and voice communication systems mature in the ATC environment, a natural evolution to more data traffic and less voice will occur. At that time, a simple restructuring of the channel assignments and priorities could offer increased throughput for connection to ground based data sources such as high capacity routers     

Data communications concept for a SATS scenario

The small aircraft transportation system (SATS) concept envisions doorstop to destination transportation in a safe and timely manner. Data communications are a key component in achieving the aviation-related operational performance improvements that are sought. However, data communication doesn't start when you get into the aircraft; it starts back at the location where the flight is planned. In fact, data communications support the pilot in all phases of the flight: flight planning, pre-flight, departure, en route, transition, approach, landing, and rollout as well as for a missed approach. The Internet is being used to perform flight planning activities, and the mobile communications available today support Internet access en route to the departure airfield. On-board the aircraft, data communications provide surveillance and air traffic control (ATC) support to the pilot. The location of other aircraft is available to the pilot and ATC system through automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) and traffic information service-broadcast (TIS-B) applications that transmit the location of other aircraft in the vicinity. Other aircraft locations are used to forecast potential conflicts and, thus, enhance flight safety. As the aircraft nears a SATS-equipped airfield, the pilot uses data link messages to request a landing sequence. The airport management module (AMM) provides a landing sequence assignment to the aircraft. As the pilot maneuvers the aircraft for a landing, he/she is using data-linked surveillance data to determine the location of other aircraft and maintain a safe separation distance between aircraft even in a low visibility environment.     

民用飞机情景识别系统试飞研究

由于平视显示器(HUD)、视景增强系统(EVS)以及合成视景系统(SVS)优秀的情景显示能力,HUD与EVS、SVS结合使用将显著提高飞行机组情景识别以及态势感知能力。同时,HUD与自动着陆系统结合使用可降低着陆和起飞时的最低天气标准。随着机组情景识别能力的提高,必须提出高效的试飞方法来验证情景识别系统的适航符合性,在分析EVS、SVS与HUD结合使用的基础上,提出综合的优化的民用飞机机组情景识别系统试飞方法以及基于任务的符合性判据。