硬铝合金预拉伸、热处理后成形性能的正交试验研究

在铝合金实际成形工艺的基础上通过正交试验研究了成形过程的各个因素:热处理前的变形、试件取样拉伸方向、时效时间及材料厚度对淬火后铝合金各成形性能指标的影响,得到了这些因素对材料各个性能指标的影响规律和新淬火状态下铝合金成形性能的特点,指出了热处理后材料的变形效应并没有消失,甚至依然显著地影响着某些成形性能,给出了2D12铝合金板料在新淬火状态下的本构关系,为成形工艺的制定及数值模拟分析提供了依据。     

2324铝合金厚板内部残余应力分布特征及其影响

 采用了新改进的宏观应力释放法测定 2 32 4铝合金厚板内部残余应力,比较了 T39和淬火状态厚板残余应力分布特点,分析其成因,探讨了 T39状态特殊残余应力分布的成因及对加工性能的影响。结果表明 :T39状态残余应力分布特点为中心受压,与淬火态相反,且应力水平比淬火态低一个数量级,这导致了切削加工中特别的变形     

6005铝合金型材等温转变曲线绘制及其应用

检测6005铝合金型材不同等温工艺后的硬度和电导率,绘制了等温转变TTT曲线和TTP曲线。利用XRD,TEM等设备对合金经不同等温处理后的物相和微观组织进行了研究,结果表明:6005铝合金的TTT曲线和TTP曲线的鼻尖温度均为340℃,淬火敏感温度区间为280～420℃;等温过程中过饱和固溶体中分解析出β″相,随等温时间的延长,逐步转变为β’相及β相;6005铝合金在不同温度下进行等温处理的相变动力学方程也不同。6005铝合金的相变动力学及其淬火敏感特性研究结果表明,在制订6005铝合金现场在线挤压淬火工艺时,有必要在淬火敏感区间加大冷却速率,而在低于或高于敏感区间时可适当减小冷却速率,这样型材在获得较高的力学性能同时又能减少合金内部残余应力。     

2524铝合金薄板平面各向异性研究

采用室温拉伸性能测试、金相组织观察、XRD反极图测定和透射电子显微分析等方法研究了冷轧态和T3态2mm厚2524铝合金薄板不同取向条件下的显微组织和拉伸力学性能.以{110}<112>单组分织构模型为基础,研究了织构与平面各向异性的关系.结果表明,2524冷轧态和T3态铝合金薄板在与轧制方向成45°和60°方向上的强度较0°、30°和90°方向上的强度低,延伸率则是45°方向上最高;轧向力学性能优于横向力学性能;冷轧态合金薄板的平面各向异性高于T3态合金板材;2524冷轧态合金薄板的主要织构为{110}<112>,次要织构为{311}<112>;2524-T3态铝合金成品薄板的主要织构为{110}<001>;2524铝合金薄板的平面各向异性与合金的晶粒结构以及晶体学织构密切有关,其中晶体学织构是造成合金板材平面各向异性的主要原因.     

铸造铝合金ZL114A 的热处理工艺

对铸造铝合金ZL114A开展热处理试验,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、淬火水温、时效温度和时效时间等工艺参数对力学性能的影响,比较了铸态和固溶热处理后的组织变化,并优选出最佳的热处理工艺制度,540℃×14 h/水冷(55℃)+155℃×7.5 h/空冷,为后续的工业化生产提供了参考.     

铸造铝合金ZL114A的热处理工艺北大核心CSCD

对铸造铝合金ZL114A开展热处理试验,研究了固溶温度、固溶时间、淬火水温、时效温度和时效时间等工艺参数对力学性能的影响,比较了铸态和固溶热处理后的组织变化,并优选出最佳的热处理工艺制度,540℃×14 h/水冷(55℃)+155℃×7.5 h/空冷,为后续的工业化生产提供了参考。     

航空高强度铝合金残余应力的抑制与消除

从残余应力的产生和释放两个方面 ,讨论了抑制与消除铝合金中残余应力的若干技术与方法。首先 ,从尽量减少残余应力的产生又兼顾获得所需机械性能的角度 ,分析了采用热水淬火、喷雾淬火及有机介质淬火等淬火工艺。其次讨论了消除铝合金中残余应力的若干技术方法的特点、效果与适用场合 ,并指出在铝合金结构件淬火后的不稳定状态进行残余应力消除处理效果最佳     

2A12铝合金试件中空间斜裂纹在线止裂及性能分析

 选择带有空间斜裂纹的2A12铝合金试件进行了拉伸载荷作用下电磁热在线止裂研究。采用数值分析方法确定了止裂工艺参数,并求得了放电后试件内的温度场及热应力场;通过自制加载装置,应用ZL-2超强脉冲电流放电装置完成了空间裂纹在线止裂试验;对止裂前后的铝合金试件进行了微观组织分析和宏观力学性能测试。研究表明：脉冲放电瞬时,裂纹尖端熔化、钝化,并形成了高压应力区,提高了裂纹的扩展功,在一定的拉伸载荷下,试件也不会开裂,达到了裂纹在线止裂的目的。     

6061-T6铝合金弧形槽超声冲击处理残余应力场研究

研究经超声冲击处理后6061-T6铝合金试件弧形槽表层残余应力场的形成与应力分布特点。借助有限元分析软件,模拟弧形槽经超声冲击处理后残余应力场分布,同时进行正交工艺试验,对比仿真结果,探究不同工艺参数对冲击后弧形槽底面残余应力值的影响规律。结果表明,超声冲击处理在弧形槽底形成了厚度约为0.35mm的残余压应力层,残余应力沿深度方向先增大后减小,最大残余应力值可达约-362.5MPa。工艺试验与相同条件下有限元模拟得到的各工艺参数对槽底表面残余应力值的影响趋势基本一致,弧形槽底面残余应力值随工具振幅的增大而增大,随加工间隙的增加有小幅减小,而工件移动速度的改变则对应力值几乎没有影响。     

大型铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力分析

开展了新型7085铝合金材料高温拉伸试验,得到了其基本性能参数与力学模型,运用ABAQUS有限元软件对7085铝合金框梁结构航空模锻件淬火过程进行了数值仿真,研究了淬火工艺参数与方式对残余应力分布规律的影响.研究表明:框梁结构航空模锻件淬火残余应力主要集中于腹板与筋板交汇处,呈现外压内拉的分布特点;淬火温度对残余应力有显著影响,提高淬火温度可有效降低残余应力;固溶温度对淬火残余应力的影响较小,对于大尺寸框梁模锻件,入水方式及转移时间对淬火残余应力的影响甚微.     

超声冲击处理对2A12铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响

采用超声冲击处理方法对2A12铝合金焊接接头进行全覆盖强化处理.通过弯曲疲劳对比试验,建立了未处理与超声冲击强化处理铝合金焊接接头试样的S-N曲线,分析了超声冲击处理对铝合金焊接接头疲劳性能的影响;通过接头组织、残余应力和断口形貌分析了超声冲击处理提高铝合金焊接接头抗疲劳断裂性能的微观机理.结果表明,超声冲击处理使2A...     

Residual stress indentation model based on material equivalence

A novel residual stress indentation model for conical indentation loading is proposed to describe the relationship between the residual stress, material constitutive parameters, load, and displacement for materials with a uniaxial constitutive relationship that obeys Hollomon’s power law (H-law). The novel model was established based on the principle that the equivalent material without residual stress corresponds to the original material with residual stress, conical indentation theoretical model based on energy density equivalence, and an assumed power-law relationship between the dimensionless residual stress and relative difference of the yield stresses of the equivalent material and original material. Sixty imaginary H-law materials with ten equibiaxial and ten uniaxial residual stresses were investigated by Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The residual stresses predicted by the novel model from the indentation load–displacement curves simulated for the imaginary materials are in close agreement with those applied by the FEA. Finally, indentation tests for Cr12MoV steel, 45 steel, and 6061-T6511 aluminum alloy were carried out on their specimens without residual stress and their bending specimens with equibiaxial and uniaxial residual stresses. The residual stresses predicted by the novel model according to the indentation load–displacement test curves are in good agreement with those applied by the tests.     

Residual Strength of Stiffened LY12CZ Aluminum Alloy Panels with Widespread Fatigue Damage

Experimental and analytical investigations on the residual strength of the stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with widespread fatigue damage （WFD） are conducted. Nine stiffened LY12CZ aluminum alloy panels with three different types of damage are tested for residual strength. Each specimen is pre-cracked at rivet holes by saw cuts and subjected to a monotonically increasing tensile load until failure is occurred and the failure load is recorded. The stress intensity factors at the tips of the lead crack and the adjacent WFD cracks of the stiffened aluminum alloy panels are calculated by compounding approach and finite element method （FEM） respectively. The residual strength of the stiffened panels with WFD is evaluated by the engineering method with plastic zone linkup criterion and the FEM with apparent fracture toughness criterion respectively. The predicted residual strength agrees well with the experiment results. It indicates that in engineering practice these methods can be used for residual strength evaluation with the acceptable accuracy. It can be seen from this research that WFD can significantly reduce the residual strength and the critical crack length of the stiffened panels with WFD. The effect of WFD crack length on residual strength is also studied.     

交变应力下冷胀孔边残余应力衰减规律的有损检测试验研究

对高胀孔量下的ＬＹ１２ＣＺ板件孔边残余应力在交变应力作用下衰减规律的有损多试件普通莫尔密栅云纹检测方法进行了尝试,给出了一定载荷范围内残余应力的衰减规律,揭示了高胀孔量下残余应力的再分布现象。研究表明,本文所使用的多试件有损检测方法,不但经济可行,而且有足够精度,应用前景十分广阔。     

γ-TiAl合金铣削加工表面残余应力研究

为了探索高温理想结构材料γ-Ti Al合金铣削表面残余应力特性,结合正交试验数据处理方法中的极差分析法,建立各工艺因素情况下不同水平对表面残余应力的关系曲线,并对其工艺过程中的热力影响机理进行分析;同时建立面向残余应力的各因素灵敏度数学模型,进而确定以获取较大残余压应力为目标的工艺参数优选区间。研究表明:在试验参数限定范围内,步进方向以及进给方向均呈现为残余压应力,主要原因是冷塑性变形占主导作用。通过对灵敏度数学模型进行分析,发现残余应力对设计变量中的铣削速度变化最敏感,对每齿进给量、铣削深度和铣削宽度的敏感程度近似相同,为Ti Al金属间化合物铣削表面残余应力控制研究提供了理论依据。     

Investigation of Surface Integrity on TC17 Titanium Alloy Treated by Square-spot Laser Shock Peening

Laser shock peening(LSP) is an innovative surface treatment method,which has been shown to greatly improve the fatigue life of many metallic components.This work investigates surface integrity of TC17 titanium alloy treated by LSP with innovative square laser spot.Nd:glass laser with duration of 30 ns and spot size of 4 mm×4 mm is applied.The surface morphology and surface residual stress of the TC17 titanium alloy,treated with varying peening parameters such as laser power density and overlapping ratio,have been studied in detail.The results show that laser pulse energy greatly influences surface morphology and surface residual stress around single-spot treated areas,and compressive residual stresses are saturated as laser pulse energy is over 55 J.There are significantly different surface morphologies and residual stress distributions at the overlapped areas with different overlapping ratios.A relative smooth surface is produced with uniform compressive residual stress distribution at an overlapping ratio of 8 %.The experiment of residual stress relaxation is implemented by measuring residual stress at the center of four overlapped spots and by four point bending fatigue test at the frequency of 105 Hz.The compressive residual stresses induced by LSP are found to relax quite slowly under cyclic fatigue loading.     

电参数对 7075铝合金微弧氧化膜硬度的影响

通过使用直流双脉冲电源对 7075铝合金进行微弧氧化试验,研究了正向电压、占空比和脉冲频率等电参数对铝合金微弧氧化膜层硬度的影响。通过正交试验,研究了单一水平因素下的膜层硬度平均值的变化规律,发现了通过电参数提升膜层硬度的方法;通过相对极差分析,发现正向电压对膜层影响程度最大,脉冲频率对膜层影响程度最小。提出了针对 7075铝合金微弧氧化膜硬度提升的电参数优化方案:提升氧化膜硬度,应优先考虑增大正向电压;保证氧化膜硬度的同时兼顾其他表面性能,应优先调整对膜层硬度影响最小的脉冲频率。