共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
航空相机的热控设计需要解决流动与传热的耦合问题。文章提出某航空相机载荷舱在复杂飞行环境中上升、巡航、下降全过程的热分析及热设计方法:确定载荷舱热分析数据流,采用专业热分析软件、流体计算软件计算辐射外热流、气动外热流,以及等效对流换热系数沿壁面分布情况及与马赫数的变化关系。将热环境赋予载荷舱热分析模型,通过热分析软件与自开发程序迭代对载荷舱两个极端工况进行了仿真分析。结果表明,据此设计的光学窗口内表面温度高于露点温度10℃以上,得到的载荷舱热分析结果满足热控指标要求,热设计方案合理可行。 相似文献
2.
针对数量有限的物理跑车试验无法满足减振与保温性能测试需求的问题,提出一套航天器运输包装箱动力学与热学仿真验证方法,包括:建立适用于包装箱系统的刚柔耦合多体动力学系统,通过结合线路条件测试生成的动力学系统外部激励,实现减振性能虚拟跑车测试;建立基于计算流体力学的包装箱热学模型,通过模拟自然对流和空调控制,实现包装箱保温性能虚拟跑车测试;基于C/S架构和导航式流程设计思想,建立航天器运输包装箱仿真验证平台,通过实际案例证明该平台仿真结果与实际跑车测试数据具有较高的一致性。 相似文献
3.
V型皱褶芯材夹层结构与强迫对流冷却相结合,可应用于高超声速飞行器或大功率电子器件承载和散热的多功能设计。文章采用数值仿真方法对强迫对流条件下V型皱褶芯材夹层结构的换热及其产生的热应力进行研究,获得了相应的速度场、温度场及结构热应力分布。结果表明:强迫对流条件下,V型皱褶芯材夹层结构的换热性能明显提高,同时导致较大的压力损失。流体速度场随着几何构型的改变而发生周期性的变化,在结构偏折处波峰一侧流速达到最大,对流换热得到增强;沿着冷却液流动方向,结构与冷却液的温度逐渐升高,并伴随着周期性的波动;皱褶芯材夹层结构的整体换热能力随着入口流速的增大而增强。热流输入侧的面板热应力和变形均较大,结构皱褶部位存在应力集中。 相似文献
4.
The convection of heat-generating fluid in a rotating horizontal cylinder is experimentally investigated. The threshold of convection excitation, the structure of convective flows and the heat transfer in the cylinder depending on the heat release capacity, liquid viscosity and aspect ratio of the cavity are studied. It is found that the average convection is excited by the thermovibrational mechanism —the gravity force, rotating in the cavity frame, produces the oscillations of non-isothermal fluid relative to the wall, which in turn result in excitation of mean convective flows. It is shown that the structure of convective flows depends on the dimensionless velocity of rotation. At relatively low rotation velocity the convection develops in the form of a periodic system of vortices regularly distributed along the cylinder axis. The threshold of excitation (critical value of vibration parameter) of three-dimensional vortex structures grows with rotation velocity. Above some definite rotation velocity the convection develops as two-dimensional rolls parallel to the axis of rotation. The threshold of two-dimensional structures excitation does not depend on the rotation velocity. Besides the structure of thermal convective flows the analysis of the relatively weak currents generated by the inertial waves below the threshold of convection is performed. 相似文献
5.
In this study, we aim to clarify the blowoff mechanism for flame spreading in an opposed laminar flow in narrow solid fuel ducts. To clarify this mechanism we conducted two experiments. First, we observed the changes of the flame spread rate at various oxygen velocities, ambient pressures, and port diameters. For flame spreading in laminar flow, combustion modes could be classified into 3 distinct regimes based on the strength of the opposed flow, i.e., chemical regime, thermal regime, and stabilized regime. This result is consistent with the result in turbulent flow. In the stabilized regime, quenching distance is almost constant despite oxygen velocity. In order to investigate the effect of ambient pressure and port diameter of fuels on blowoff limit, transition oxygen velocity is observed. As a result, transition oxygen velocity is proportional to the logarithm of the ambient pressure and port diameter. This relation is applicable despite the flow condition. Furthermore, we calculated velocity gradient at the fuel surface to reveal the determining factor of the blowoff limit in laminar flow. Consequently, velocity gradient, which is considered to dominate flow separation in laminar flow, would not be constant. This is because the velocity gradient at the fuel surface could not be evaluated by only the assumption of Hagen–Poiseuille flow but other parameters, such as vaporized fuel gas and natural convection by buoyancy should be included. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
Trajectories are calculated by the boundary-integral method for two contaminated deformable drops under the combined influence of buoyancy and a constant temperature gradient at low Reynolds number and with negligible thermal convection. The surfactant is bulk-insoluble, and its coverage is determined by solution of the time-dependent convective-diffusion equation. Two limits are considered. For small drops, the deformation is small, and thermocapillary and buoyant effects are of the same order of magnitude. In this case, comparison is made with incompressible surfactant results to determine when surfactant redistribution becomes important. Convection of surfactant can lead to elimination of interesting features, such as the possibility of two different-sized drops migrating with fixed separation and orientation, and can increase the difference between the drops' velocities. For larger drops, deformation can be significant, leading to smaller or larger drop breakup, and buoyant motion dominates thermocapillarity. In this case, convection of surfactant can increase deformation and offset previously observed inhibition of breakup for clean drops when the driving forces are opposed. This effect is less pronounced for larger size ratios. By extension, redistribution of surfactant can enhance deformation-increasing tendencies seen with driving forces aligned in the same direction. 相似文献
9.
The different types of convective phenomena which may occur during the dendritic solidification of metallic alloys are discussed from an order of magnitude analysis. Bulk thermal convection and/or interdendritic solutal convection have to be considered according to the values of the experimental data. Scaling laws for the solute boundary layer resulting from bulk thermal convection have already been derived. It is shown here that the interdendritic flow depends on a solutal Grashof number Gr based on the horizontal density gradient and a characteristic length Ls which is of the order of the liquid channels width. For Gr < 1, which is generally verified in practical cases, the interdendritic flow velocity Ur is proportional to the Grashof number. This a priori law compares favorably with the results of horizontal solidification experiments where the mean interdendritic flow velocity has been estimated from the resulting measured macrosegregation. In these experiments, as well as for most horizontal dendritic solidifications of metallic alloys at 1 g, the ratio (R is the growth rate) is of order one. In order to cancel the interdendritic flow effects, this ratio has to be lowered by one order of magnitude. According to our analysis, this can be obtained by performing the experiments either at a slightly reduced g level (~10?1 g), or at 1 g in a vertical stable configuration with a sufficiently low residual horizontal thermal gradient. 相似文献
10.
采用数值模拟和飞行测试验证相结合的方法对液体运载火箭高空对流/辐射耦合换热问题开展系统深入研究。基于燃气多组分输运Navier-Stokes方程、热辐射方程、Realizable k-ε两方程湍流模型,建立了高空含自由流的运载火箭燃气喷流流动模型。辐射模型采用离散坐标法(DOM),空间离散采用二阶迎风TVD格式,对多个典型飞行高度火箭底部热流进行大型并行计算,将数值结果与试验数据进行广泛对比,验证了计算模型的精度和有效性。数值研究表明,火箭底部辐射热流在刚起飞阶段达到最大值,随着飞行高度上升,辐射热流逐渐降低,火箭底部对流热流表现为先升高后降低的趋势,并在20 km高空达到峰值。本文的预测分析方法对液体运载火箭底部热防护设计具有重要的理论意义和工程应用价值。 相似文献
11.
12.
电弧放电等离子体对超声速边界层影响的数值模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于电弧放电等离子体热阻塞机理,对等离子体超声速流动控制过程进行了数值模拟,研究了等离子体对边界层的影响,分析了放电区大小、温度等对其作用效果的影响。结果显示:在高温等离子体放电区的上下游近区发生了边界层分离及漩涡运动;在放电区内有两种边界层,即高温等离子体与外界低温气流之间的温度边界层和气流与壁面之间的粘性边界层;放电区内形成漩涡运动的原因有两个,即内外压差和边界层分离;上游边界层的分离点y轴坐标随温度的增大而减小;增大来流速度,放电区上游分离点y轴坐标呈先增大后减小的趋势、放电区内漩涡运动加剧、下游近区边界层分离点y轴坐标减小。 相似文献
13.
用数值模拟法研究了高超声速球锥组合体的层流流场特性与热行为,给出了流场计算方法与格式。研究结果表明:球锥组合体压缩拐角在高超声速下出现流动分离,其流动特性受壁面温度的影响极大;提高壁面温度使压缩拐点处分离点位置前移,再附点位置后移,涡心位置提高,分离范围扩大,同时降低球锥组合体热流的分布,球锥组合体头部热流明显减小。 相似文献
14.
为考察主动冷却式一体化热防护结构用V型皱褶芯材夹层结构的性能,文章采用Fluent软件模拟受恒定热流载荷皱褶芯材夹层板在强制对流条件下的传热过程,分析其换热特性和流道内流体流动规律;并在分析皱褶芯材夹层板中正三角和倒三角2种流道换热性能差异的基础上,提出相邻流道流向相反的改进方案。该方案可提高冷却剂的利用率,使结构温度分布更加均匀。相比于具有相同几何参数的波纹芯材夹层板,皱褶芯材夹层板具有更好的换热性能,但同时以更大的当量密度和进出口压降损失为代价。比较几种常用的热效率指标,并定义了一种同时考虑换热性能、泵功率和结构质量的热效率指标,再分别以不同的热效率指标为目标函数,对皱褶芯材的几何参数L、W和S进行初步优化设计。 相似文献
15.
采用耦合求解轴对称非定常NS方程与一维分离动力学方程的方法,对多级火箭低空级间热分离初期过程进行数值仿真。依据仿真结果描述低空级间热分离初期流场的两种典型结构:内部为喷管扩张段流动分离以及外部为级间缝隙横向喷流与超声速外流的干扰流场;给出两种典型流场结构中位于上面级弹体表面(喷管内)的流动分离点位置以及壁面压力分布随仿真时间的变化;初步估算流动分离线偏斜时内外流动分离区域对上面级弹体的干扰力矩。通过分析数值模拟与力矩估算结果,发现在低空级间热分离内外流场中流动分离激波后方形成的高压区域是上面级所受干扰力矩的重要来源。研究结论可为级间热分离过程干扰机理研究提供理论方向,为级间热分离时序设计提供参考。 相似文献
16.
In oceanographics situations where salt fingers may be an important mechanism for the transport of heat and salt in the vertical direction, velocity shears may also be present. Salt finger convection is analogous to Bénard convection in that the kinetic energy of the motions is obtained from the potential energy stored in the unstable distribution of a stratifying component. On the basis of the thermal analogy it is of interest to discover whether salt fingers are converted into two-dimensional sheets by wind shear, and how the vertical fluxes of heat and salt are changed by wind shear. Salt finger convection under the effect of steady wind shear is theoretically examined in this paper. The evolution of instability developing in the presence of a vertical density gradient disturbance and the horizontal Couette flow is considered near the onset of salt fingers under a moderate rate of shear. We use velocity as the basic variable and solve the pressure Poisson equation in terms of the associated Green function. Growth competition between the longitudinal rolls (LR) and the transverse rolls (TR), whose axes are, respectively, in the direction parallel to and perpendicular to the Couette flow, is investigated by the weakly nonlinear analysis of coupled-mode equations. The results show that the TR mode is stable under a small wind shear and the LR mode is stable for a higher wind shear. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
20.
目标飞行器舱内流场设计验证与评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目标飞行器密封舱内流场设计是实现舱内温湿度控制、污染物扩散的基本途径,是保证长期在轨驻留航天员热舒适性的重要手段。文章分析确定了目标飞行器流场设计地面验证的等温化试验准则,通过保证流场温差不大于1 ℃,降低地面自然对流的影响,使微重力环境下工作的流场设计在地面环境得到有效验证。结果表明,航天员活动区88.3%区域风速在0.08~0.5 m/s之间,睡眠区风速均在0.08~0.2 m/s之间,均满足指标要求。目标飞行器流场最佳风速范围(0.076~0.203 m/s)所占比例为82.8%,优于国际空间站各舱段最佳风速范围所占比例。 相似文献