碳纤维缠绕复合气瓶自紧力和疲劳的数值模拟

采用数值模拟方法研究了自紧工艺对碳纤维缠绕复合气瓶的应力分布和疲劳性能的影响。基于ANSYS商用有限元分析软件,考虑气瓶封头部分碳纤维缠绕层的角度和厚度沿封头子午线的连续变化,建立了有限元模型。分析验证了54 MPa自紧压力对复合气瓶零压和35 MPa工作压力下内衬和复合材料缠绕层应力的影响,并利用Coffin-Manson公式预测了复合气瓶的疲劳寿命。结果表明,自紧后复合气瓶内衬在工作压力下的最大应力减小了29.1%。有限元计算的疲劳寿命结果与实验测定结果之间的误差<8%,验证了有限元模型和计算方法的正确性。     

塑性工作内衬复合材料气瓶结构设计研究

为提高航天复合材料压力容器(COPV)性能因子,COPV壳体常采用超薄壁塑性工作金属内衬和高强碳纤维缠绕的双层壳体结构.通过对传统的网格理论进行优化,提出了塑性工作内衬COPV结构静力学计算的算法,联立求解各内压载荷阶段的静力学平衡方程和应变协调方程,对COPV纤维与内衬应力应变进行计算和分析.利用ANSYS有限元软件...     

空间推进系统用铝内衬PBO 纤维缠绕高压气瓶的研制

以空间推进系统用高压复合材料气瓶的开发为背景,开展了PBO纤维的应用研究。分别对PBO/D-3和PBO/D-8复合材料力学性能进行了测试,获得了性能最佳的复合材料配方体系。在此基础上,将PBO复合材料用于空间推进系统用铝内衬复合材料高压气瓶,开展了2.4 L铝内衬高压气瓶的研制。结果表明:PBO(HM)/D-8复合材料力学性能最佳,其拉伸强度与NOL层间剪切强度分别高达1 397 MPa和20.2MPa,采用其缠绕的复合材料气瓶结构系数高达64.5 km。     

可重复使用复合材料气瓶设计及试验验证

为了适应未来重复使用运载器更高的重复使用性能要求,设计了一种航天用轻质高压可重复使用复合材料气瓶,采用金属内胆/复合材料层结构形式。复合材料采用T700碳纤维复合材料,金属内衬采用铝合金。采用有限元仿真和试验验证的方法对气瓶的强度和重复使用性能进行了分析和验证,其仿真爆破强度为81 MPa,试验爆破强度84 MPa,仿真与试验疲劳失效次数均大于1 200次。结果表明,所设计的重复使用复合材料气瓶满足23 MPa工作压力重复使用300次要求。     

纤维缠绕压力容器的可靠性分析

文摘运用一次二阶距(FOSM)法,对纤维缠绕复合材料压力容器进行了可靠性分析,并与传统网格理论设计法进行了对比,讨论了纤维拉伸强度、爆破压力、压力容器半径、纤维缠绕层总厚度及缠绕角的变异系数对纤维强度发挥系数和压力容器壁厚的影响。结果表明:随着各设计参数变异系数的均匀增大,纤维强度发挥系数迅速减小,压力容器壁厚迅速增大;缠绕角度和纤维拉伸强度的变异系数对它们的影响最为显著。     

复合材料高压气瓶的碳纤维缠绕设计和ANSYS分析技术

为了获得复合材料气瓶合理的有限元分析模型,并能够有效地掌握气瓶固有的变化规律,以不锈钢316L为内衬、碳纤维(T1000GB)/环氧树脂(BA202)为复合层的高压气瓶作为研究对象,介绍了一种采用螺旋缠绕与环向缠绕组合线型的缠绕设计方法.利用该方法确定复合层厚度、缠绕角、缠绕层数等参数,运用ANSYS程序,采用薄壁壳单元shell91建立了复合层多层结构模型,得出了气瓶应力、应变分布规律,并给出了气瓶疲劳破坏点和起裂点处失效参数的变化历程,最后,将ANSYS计算结果与试验实测结果作了比对分析,为定量化研究复合材料气瓶提供准确的数据支持.研究结果表明:ANSYS数值仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好,采用壳单元shell91可以比较正确地模拟复合层的多层结构;柱形复合材料气瓶破坏薄弱点位于简体(靠封头)部位,气瓶受环向膨胀力影响较大,易使其沿纵向撕裂;随瓶内压力升高,薄壁内衬发生完全塑性变形,复合层仅发生弹性变形.     

复合材料气瓶铝内衬缺陷对疲劳及爆破性能的影响

研究了复合材料气瓶在生产过程中金属内衬存在的凹坑、裂纹以及腐蚀等的缺陷类型,并且对存有以上缺陷类型的复合气瓶进行疲劳及爆破实验,研究其对气瓶的性能影响.结果表明:金属内衬缺陷的存在会使得气瓶在承受内压载荷的过程中,金属内衬在缺陷位置出现应力集中,提前出现裂纹的扩展,使得金属内衬失效,无法充分发挥复合材料层高强度的优势,使得复合材料气瓶的疲劳失效次数及爆破强度大大降低,影响最终的使用性能.     

卫星用复合材料气瓶性能

通过对环氧树脂、NOL环力学性能、金属内衬表面性能、复合材料真空质损和复合材料气瓶性能等进行研究和分析,研制出一种用于卫星推进系统的复合材料气瓶.结果表明:该复合材料气瓶经150次疲劳试验后爆破压强为86 MPa,容器特征系数达57.7 km,且满足真空使用环境要求.     

基于渐进损伤的纤维全缠绕铝内胆气瓶自紧工艺

采用渐进损伤的分析方法对纤维全缠绕铝内胆气瓶的力学行为进行分析。基于三维Hashin失效准则,自定义刚度折减方案,编译VUMAT子程序,实现了复合材料层合板损伤的产生和演化过程的模拟。依据经典网格理论并结合实际情况,建立气瓶有限元模型。分析了复合材料层渐进损伤发展和累积的过程,验证了自紧工艺对提高气瓶承载力的必要性,提出了合理的自紧力范围。研究结果表明,损伤发生的顺序或可能性:基体拉伸拉伸分层纤维拉伸/基体压缩,且损伤大都从螺旋缠绕层开始。除基体拉伸损伤由封头向筒体发展,由复合材料外层向内层发展,其余损伤大都从筒体中部向两端发展,由内层向外层发展。当自紧力为最大工作压力的1.5~1.65倍时,气瓶的应力分配得到改善,承载能力得到提高。从减少复合材料的损伤和最大程度降低内衬应力的角度,最优自紧力应为最大工作压力的1.5倍。     

轻量化复合材料压力容器研究进展

复合材料压力容器结构设计理论的发展,薄壁金属内衬成型技术的创新,缠绕成型工艺仿真技术的实现以及性能监测与评价体系的建立,为最大化地减轻复合材料压力容器的重量奠定了基础,有效地解决了新一代航天飞行器动力系统的减重技术"瓶颈".     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.