火星环绕器环火轨道的角动量管理方法

针对中国首次火星探测的任务需求和规划,结合环绕器质量特性和布局构型以及大椭圆轨道特性,分析了环绕器在环火飞行阶段所受的重力梯度力矩和光压力矩规律.空间干扰力矩累积导致飞轮转速上升,影响姿态机动能力,需要喷气卸载.为减少喷气卸载次数,在满足系统任务的基础上,设计了姿态偏置方案,利用光压力矩和重力梯度力矩相互抵消减少角动量...     

重力梯度力矩作用下近地卫星自旋运动规律分析

为研究近地卫星自旋运动规律,建立了近地卫星在受摄动影响的轨道上运行并受重力梯度力矩作用下的姿态运动模型,推导了自旋角速率满足一定条件下自旋运动的进动角、章动角、自旋角的解析解,对重力梯度作用下的自旋姿态运动规律进行了仿真分析,并用仿真计算结果验证了解析解的正确性。在轨道面缓慢进动情况下,当卫星绕最大主惯量轴自旋时,给出了自旋角速率取值范围表达式,在该取值范围内卫星自旋运动能够跟随轨道面一起进动,自旋轴以恒定的平均角速率进动,章动角在小范围内波动。建立的自旋姿态运动模型和分析结论可用于近地卫星姿态失控后的姿态确定和预测、在轨姿态设计及在轨备份等。     

MEO导航卫星在轨放气产生的干扰力矩研究

摘要： 针对多颗MEO导航卫星太阳翼展开后产生比较明显的干扰力矩，对卫星稳定控制产生了一定影响的现象，本文根据动力学模型、姿态、角速度和飞轮转速变化，给出了干扰力矩计算方法，并结合多颗卫星在轨遥测数据进行计算，得出放气期间产生的干扰力矩.通过使用此干扰力矩进行仿真得出，卫星模拟器结果和在轨表现基本一致.此研究有助于优化卫星飞控流程，并指导卫星放气孔设计.     

气动力矩和重力梯度矩实现微小卫星三轴姿态控制

提出运用低轨道两个主要环境力矩 (重力梯度矩和气动力矩 )实现微小卫星三轴姿态被动控制方案。重力梯度矩提供俯仰和滚转恢复力矩 ,气动力矩提供偏航和俯仰恢复力矩 ;通过姿态稳定性分析和姿控过程动态仿真 ,结果表明此卫星具有结构简单、姿态稳定精度高的优点。     

高阶重力和力矩对空间太阳能电站运动的影响

相比于传统卫星,空间太阳能电站具有超大的尺寸,高阶重力和重力梯度对其轨道和姿态运动的影响将不能再忽略.文中以地球同步拉普拉斯轨道上的太阳塔式空间太阳能电站为例,研究了在考虑地球扁率的引力场中,高阶重力和力矩对空间太阳能电站姿轨运动的影响.首先将空间太阳能电站的重力势函数进行泰勒展开,并保留至四阶项;然后求出电站所受到的重力和重力梯度力矩,并给出其轨道和姿态运动方程;最后通过数值仿真来分析不同阶次的力和力矩对轨道运动的影响.结果表明:高阶力对卫星轨道的影响较大,可达到百米量级;高阶力矩对卫星姿态运动影响则较小,可忽略不计.     

重力梯度小卫星重力场捕获的Lyapunov法

探讨了重力梯度小卫星采用主动磁控技术进行重力场捕获的Ｌｙａ－ｐｕｎｏｖ能量耗散法;给出了分区控制的条件及逻辑;阐述了磁控力矩的产生方法。仿真结果表明,该方法简单、有效,控制精度达到磁控小卫星的较高水平。     

“嫦娥二号”卫星L2点角动量管理

对“嫦娥二号”(CE-2)卫星进入环绕日地拉格朗日L2点的李萨如轨道后卫星喷气卸载所产生的影响进行了研究.提出了一种利用光压力矩辅助卫星太阳电池翼角度调整进行角动量管理的方法.在轨试验表明,太阳光压强度足够对飞行在L2点环绕轨道上的CE-2卫星进行角动量管理,可以大幅度减少动量轮在轨喷气卸载的次数,有利于CE-2卫星的轨道维持.     

空间站组合体惯性系内角动量管理控制

针对惯性系内重力梯度力矩与气动力矩的常值部分积累引起控制力矩陀螺饱和的问题,在惯性系内建立空间站的动力学模型并进行线性化,利用滤波变量将系统状态方程扩维,采用LQR方法设计系统反馈控制增益矩阵,实现空间站在惯性系内的角动量管理控制.惯性系内重力梯度力矩、气动力矩由轨道角速度整数倍的频率成份构成,可以根据实际情况增加抑制不同频率成份的滤波变量,用于抑制不同频率成份干扰力矩对空间站姿态或控制力矩陀螺角动量的干扰,从而使空间站长期在惯性系内飞行而不需要进行角动量的卸载.仿真验证了控制器的性能.     

基于卫星寿命末期燃料计算偏差分析的寿命预测方法

针对PVT方法计算剩余燃料偏差大影响卫星在轨任务规划的问题,提出一种基于输入参数偏差分析的卫星剩余燃料估计和修正方法.在推导剩余燃料估计误差传播方程和比对记账法、PVT法计算偏差的基础上,开展PVT法计算剩余燃料的误差源和输入偏差分析,对卫星剩余燃料进行修正.在仅考虑剩余燃料影响的前提下,建立地球静止轨道(GEO)卫星在轨燃料消耗预测模型,预测GEO卫星剩余寿命.实际工程应用表明：该方法在卫星剩余燃料计算出现较大偏差时,能够较好地修正计算偏差,可为卫星在轨任务规划提供技术支撑及参考借鉴.     

卫星在轨故障案例与人工智能故障诊断

减少卫星在轨故障,使卫星按设计寿命要求在轨执行飞行任务是卫星设计的一个重要课题.为了分析在轨卫星故障的原因,探索最新的卫星故障诊断方法,首先收集了2003～2021年卫星典型在轨故障案例,然后对卫星故障从不同的维度进行统计分析和相关性分析,包括卫星平台与卫星故障的相关性、卫星在轨时长与卫星故障的相关性等,最后介绍了基于...     

Scaling analysis and model estimation of solar corona index

A monthly average solar green coronal index time series for the period from January 1939 to December 2008 collected from NOAA (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) has been analysed in this paper in perspective of scaling analysis and modelling. Smoothed and de-noising have been done using suitable mother wavelet as a pre-requisite. The Finite Variance Scaling Method (FVSM), Higuchi method, rescaled range (R/S) and a generalized method have been applied to calculate the scaling exponents and fractal dimensions of the time series. Autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to find autoregressive (AR) process and Partial autocorrelation function (PACF) has been used to get the order of AR model. Finally a best fit model has been proposed using Yule-Walker Method with supporting results of goodness of fit and wavelet spectrum. The results reveal an anti-persistent, Short Range Dependent (SRD), self-similar property with signatures of non-causality, non-stationarity and nonlinearity in the data series. The model shows the best fit to the data under observation.     

Stochastic particle acceleration by the forced interaction of relativistic current sheets

We address the problem of interacting relativistic current sheets in self-consistent kinetic plasma simulations within the framework of the Particle-In-Cell model. The interaction is enforced in head-on collisions of up to 10 current sheets at relativistic bulk speeds. The simulations are motivated by the general problem of Poynting flux dissipation in ‘striped wind’ configurations presumably governing the relativistic outflows pervasive in pulsar winds and gamma-ray bursts. We identify the generation of non-thermal particles and formation of a stable power-law shape in the particle energy distributions f(γ) dγ ∝ γ^−s dγ. In 1D, a spectral index s ∼ 2 is observed and attributed to a stochastic Fermi-type acceleration mechanism. In 2D, the generic index of s ∼ 3–4 is retained as in previous simulations of individual current sheets. Whereas in 2D the high energy cut-off is constrained by the limited dissipation of magnetic energy, in 1D the process converts the bulk motion of current sheets towards directed particle momentum of an exclusive class of non-thermal particles.     

Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in-situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results

In the frame of the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission a new sample preparation system (SPS) compatible with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the in situ analysis of complex organic molecules in the Martian soil. The goal is to detect, if they exist, some of the key compounds that play an important role in life on Earth including carboxylic acids, amino acids and nucleobases.     

Concept options for the aerial survey of Titan

Various aerial platforms intended for long endurance survey of the Titan surface are presented. A few novel concepts are introduced, including a heated methane balloon and a balloon with a tethered wind turbine. All the concept options are predicted to have lower scientific payload fractions than the Huygens probe. It is concluded that the selection of the best aerial platform option depends on more accurate mass estimates and a clear decision on whether, or not, in situ surface composition measurements are required in conjunction with aerial remote sensing.     

Heterogeneous solid/gas chemistry of organic compounds related to comets,meteorites, Titan,and Mars: Laboratory and in lower Earth orbit experiments

To understand the evolution of organic molecules involved in extraterrestrial environments and with exobiological implications, many experimental programs in the laboratory are devoted to photochemical studies in the gaseous phase as well as in the solid state. The validity of such studies and their applications to extraterrestrial environments can be questioned as long as experiments conducted in space conditions, with the full solar spectrum, especially in the short wavelength domain, have not been implemented. The experiments that are described here will be carried out on a FOTON capsule, using the BIOPAN facility, and on the International Space Station, using the EXPOSE facility. Vented and sealed exposition cells will be used, which will allow us to study the chemical evolution in the gaseous phase as well as heterogeneous processes, such as the degradation of solid compounds and the release of gaseous fragments.     

基于LuGre模型的电液加载系统摩擦补偿

为了提高电液加载系统控制精度,针对摩擦问题提出了基于LuGre摩擦模型的前馈补偿方法.建立了用于摩擦仿真分析和补偿器设计的电液加载系统数学模型;通过实验获取并分析了相关的摩擦数据;基于实验数据进行LuGre模型参数辨识,把LuGre模型和辨识结果引入电液加载系统数学模型,并进行仿真结果与实际摩擦数据的对照,证明了LuGre摩擦模型的准确性.设计前馈补偿器,进行了实验对比,实验结果表明前馈补偿器可将摩擦产生的控制误差有效地降至未补偿时的30%左右.      

CoRoT and Kepler results: Solar-like oscillators

The space-borne observatories CoRoT (Convection Rotation and planetary Transits) and Kepler have provided photometric time series data of unprecedented precision for large numbers of stars. These data have revolutionized the fields of transiting exoplanets and asteroseismology. In this review some important asteroseismic results obtained using data from the CoRoT and Kepler space missions concerning stars that show solar-like oscillations are discussed. These results comprise, among others, measurements of the location of the base of the convection zone and helium second-ionization zone in main-sequence stars, the presence (or not) of core-helium burning in red-giant stars, as well as differential rotation in these stars.     

The ESA scientific programme

The ESA scientific programme has, so far, provided several significant astrophysics experiments and further important missions are scheduled for execution during the next decade. These missions are briefly summarised together with several astrophysics investigations presently under study.     

Return to Europa: Overview of the Jupiter Europa orbiter mission

Missions to explore Europa have been imagined ever since the Voyager mission first suggested that Europa was geologically very young. Subsequently, the Galileo spacecraft supplied fascinating new insights into this satellite of Jupiter. Now, an international team is proposing a return to the Jupiter system and Europa with the Europa Jupiter System Mission (EJSM). Currently, NASA and ESA are designing two orbiters that would explore the Jovian system and then each would settle into orbit around one of Jupiter’s icy satellites, Europa and Ganymede. In addition, the Japanese Aerospace eXploration Agency (JAXA) is considering a Jupiter magnetospheric orbiter and the Russian Space Agency is investigating a Europa lander.     

HELIO: The Heliophysics Integrated Observatory

Heliophysics is a new research field that explores the Sun–Solar System Connection; it requires the joint exploitation of solar, heliospheric, magnetospheric and ionospheric observations.