Distributed state estimation for linear time-invariant dynamical systems: A review of theories and algorithms

Distributed state estimation is of paramount importance in many applications involving the large-scale complex systems over spatially deployed networked sensors. This paper provides an overview for analysis of distributed state estimation algorithms for linear time invariant systems. A number of previous works are reviewed and a clear classification of the main approaches in this field are presented, i.e., Kalman-filter-type methods and Luenberger-observer-type methods. The design and the stabil...     

Comments, with reply, on `Lyapunov stability designs for switchingregulator/low-pass filter system' by M.L. Brooks

Erroneous conclusions reached in the original paper (see ibid., vol.25, no.5, p.602-10, Sept. 1989) concerning the applicability of the Rough criterion in studying the stability of fourth-order linear systems and its relationship with Lyapunov's stability tests are corrected. A brief review of relevant theory is presented, and faults in the analysis that led to these conclusions are identified. The relationship between the Routh criterion and the second method of Lyapunov is reviewed, and a correct application of the Lyapunov method is presented. It is shown that contrary to the conclusions of the paper discussed, these two methods are equivalent for any linear, time-invariant system, including the fourth-order system in question     

多变量飞控系统的稳定裕度分析

根据系统回差阵最小奇异值及通用相角－幅值裕度估算图,给出了在系统的输入和输出端所有通道的相角和幅值同时变化时系统的稳定裕度,它不仅可作为评价不同控制律鲁棒性优劣的指标之一,也是对古典单通道量测ＭＩＭＯ系统稳定裕度的补充。同时为了克服所得结果的保守性,采用了两种改进方法,并对某型飞机的侧向运动系统进行了稳定裕度的分析、比较。     

晶振误差特性及其对弹载卫星导航接收机的影响分析

在卫星导航定位中,需要通过测量时间来计算伪距和伪距率,因此晶振的应用尤为重要。特别是当弹载卫星接收机工作在振动、高动态等恶劣的工作环境中时,晶振性能会明显恶化。提出了晶振长期稳定性、短期稳定性、相位噪声等误差特性的描述,以及这些误差特性对接收机捕获、跟踪、定位测速影响的仿真分析,并根据仿真结果提出了相应的晶振选型分析和应用方法,以使卫星导航接收机能够满足其工作要求。     

眼动测量系统及其在工效学中的应用

 首先回顾了眼动测量系统的研究发展历程;其次通过对眼动的基本形式、特点的分析,以及双眼运动的规律研究,对眼动测量方法的具体优缺点进行了对比,并重点对红外电视法眼动测量系统(Infrared TVEMMS)及其组成部分的基本原理进行了探讨;最后对眼动测量系统在工效学方面的应用前景进行了分析。     

H~∞方法在鲁棒飞控系统设计中的应用

首先介绍具有良好鲁棒稳定性和鲁棒性能的 H∞方法 ,然后综述几年来 H∞方法在鲁棒飞控系统设计中的应用研究 ,详细说明 H∞ 鲁棒飞控系统设计问题的形成和求解过程 ,并分析模型 /控制器降阶 ,结构不确定性和非结构不确定性的同时镇定 ,多模型设计等与 H∞方法相配合的设计技术的使用     

飞机急滚防偏离系统控制律的研究

本文介绍了某机在急滚机动飞行时出现的一些非线性现象,并采用系统灵敏度理论分析揭示出产生这些现象的原因。随后文中着重探讨各类控制系统,包括ARI系统,稳定轴偏航阻尼器和航向静增益系统对飞机急滚机动特性的影响。分析结果表明,这些系统对防止飞机偏离是有效的.     

Formal verification and legacy redesign

Sustaining weapons system hardware and software represents a significant and ever-increasing portion of total system cost. Hardware components are becoming obsolete much sooner while weapons system lifetimes are increasing, We must identify more cost-effective solutions to engineering and reengineering these subsystems. Verifying and validating weapons systems are two of the most costly parts of either engineering process. Traditionally, hardware validation and verification is done by simulation and testing, In the past few years, math- and logic-based formal methods tools have begun to scale up to and be applied successfully to real-world problems. Incorporating formal verification methods into engineering and reengineering processes will cost-effectively and significantly improve the level of trust and the quality of our weapons systems. Formal methods are especially well suited for redesigning current weapon systems which have become unsupportable due to component obsolescence because they help minimize the astronomical costs of rigorously reverifying the reengineered components. We believe that formal methods are an important tool for effective engineering of future weapon systems     

基于Broyden法的旋翼多体系统气动弹性分析

建立了旋翼多体系统气动弹性模型并给出了一种适合于该模型响应计算的数值计算方法。采用柔性多体系统动力学方法建立旋翼气动弹性模型,利用驱动约束显著简化约束方程形式,集成大变形桨叶模型,准确考虑变形的非线性,适合于对采用柔性结构的先进旋翼进行气动弹性分析。基于Broyden法改进隐式积分法积分一步中非线性方程的求解,避免求取切线矩阵和矩阵求逆运算,保持隐式积分法具有较好稳定性的同时提高计算效率,解决了旋翼多体系统气动弹性力学方程隐式表达且具有较强非线性和较高刚性比造成的响应计算困难。通过模型旋翼桨叶响应计算验证了结构模型与气动弹性响应求解方法。采用建立的气动弹性模型计算悬停和前飞状态旋翼气动弹性稳定性,与试验结果对比验证了模型的正确性。研究了不同的稳定性计算方法、桨叶结构模型和入流模型等对悬停和前飞稳定性计算的影响,结果表明本文所采用的结构、气动模型及气动弹性稳定性计算方法提高了气动弹性稳定性分析精度。     

密闭舱压力控制特性

本文主要报告研制中的密闭舱压力控制系统的建模和特性分析。系统特性分析和计算机仿真结果表明此类系统的稳定性条件是容易满足的。理论分析和计算机仿真结果得到了试验结果的验证,证明该数学模型的正确性和可应用性。它对于今后的研制工作是有指导意义的。     

Development Engineering on System 465L

The development engineering involved in large scale systems is but one of many problems included in acquisition of these systems. The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the engineering problems encountered in the development of the Strategic Air Command and Control System 465L and to indicate how the interaction between the technical problems and the nontechnical problems affects the final engineering decisions. In this paper we will indicate the basic requirements for the system and show how the system was configured to meet these requirements. The deficiencies uncovered in the design and first cut solutions to the problems and the compromises which were necessary to implement the system will also be discussed. Illustrative examples will be used to show how the design evolved into the final system configuration which is now in use.     

MIMO系统稳定裕度的几个定义

在介绍了单输入单输出（SISO）系统稳定裕度的基础上，重点讨论了多输入多输出（MIMO）系统的稳定裕度，给出了MIMO系统稳定裕度的几种定义并分析了各种定义的优劣，最后指出了MIMO系统需要进一步研究的问题。     

从CIDS,CMS看客舱通信系统的发展

介绍了Ａ－３４０ＣＩＤＳ系统及Ｂｏｅｉｎｇ－７７７ＣＭＳ系统，分析了客舱通信系统的现状及发展，为航空公司在机型改装及设备配置时提供参考     

具结构式不确定性系统的鲁棒镇定

考虑一类与摄动参数呈多项式函数关系的不确定性模型 ,这类模型反应了预知部分不确定性信息的物理意义。给出了含这类不确定性系统鲁棒稳定的充分条件和最大稳定域估计方法。在区间系统情形 ,该条件退化为已有结果 ,这间接表明文中条件的保守性有限。进一步得到了状态和输出反馈鲁棒镇定控制器的设计方法 ,及文中方法意义下具有最大稳定域的镇定控制器设计算法。最后 ,给出了一个飞控系统鲁棒镇定控制器设计的例子 ,说明文中方法的可行性。     

物流系统中要素冲突问题探讨

物流系统各要素之间在目标、产权和运作上存在冲突，这些冲突会影响到物流系统功能的发挥。对此，提出了处理物流系统要素冲突问题的基本原则，即系统思考、区别对待、重点突出、适度控制。并按照霍尔的系统工程的思路构建了处理物流系统要素冲突问题的三维结构框架图，给出了主要冲突的解决思路和方法，如采用一体化和供应链管理的思想来解决效益悖反问题，选择适当的战略联盟伙伴促进物流要素间的能力均衡及信息共享，加快推进物流标准化以解决设备不匹配、票据不统一的问题，旨在加强要素间的协同作用，通过企业、政府、行业协会的共同努力，合理引导冲突，从而促进物流系统的功能跃迁。     

试验信息系统兼容性测试策略

结合试验信息系统的特点,以测试发射试验信息系统与安全管理系统的兼容性测试为例,提出了对试验信息系统进行兼容性测试的主要策略,包括业务软件与新增支撑软件在同一运行环境下的运行稳定性、安装/卸载兼容性测试;新增支撑系统或设备在运行期间对交换机网络流量影响的测试;新增系统或软件对CPU（中央处理器）、内存、端口等的占用情况测试等。通过对应用该测试策略的测试结果进行分析,发现了系统兼容性方面的问题。这些策略也可为其他类似系统的兼容性测试提供参考。     

计算机辅助功能危险评估方法研究

功能和安全一直是高风险复杂系统的关键问题。传统的功能危险评估由安全工程师手工进行分析，面对高度复杂系统时，就会变得难以完成且容易出错。解决这种问题的一个途径就是利用计算机进行辅助。为此提出一种计算机辅助的功能危险评估方法，采用状态图语言搭建系统状态模型，将功能失效影响直观地从系统状态转移图上表达出来。并且在系统状态模型的基础上，采用计算机编程快速计算出导致系统故障的失效组合以及最小割集。最后以飞机为对象证明了方法的可行性。     

Integrated automatic vehicle location systems

The state-of-the-art transportation management system integrates automatic vehicle location, in-vehicle systems, customer information networks, and management information systems. As advanced technologies are integrated into transportation systems, the transit system becomes more efficient and reliable, which, in turn, makes it more attractive to users. The greatest benefit will not be realized until all of these technologies are integrated. Transit agencies and system integrators who take a total systems approach to the integration of advanced technologies will have a competitive advantage. They will provide services which provide the greatest utility to prospective users, riders, and the transit agency at the lowest cost     

飞行器多学科设计优化中的灵敏度分析方法研究

近年来,在飞行器设计领域,多学科设计优化(MDO)方法得到了高度重视。灵敏度分析技术作为MDO的关键技术之一,被认为是处理飞行器MDO研究中四个复杂性问题的有力工具。本文对适用于飞行器MDO的灵敏度分析方法进行了系统研究。首先介绍了多种学科灵敏度分析方法,阐述了各种方法的原理,比较了各种方法的优缺点。在此基础上,进一步探讨了几种常用的系统灵敏度分析方法。最后,总结了各种灵敏度分析方法在飞行器MDO中应用的原则,并对发展适用性更广的广义灵敏度分析方法提出了建议。     

Adaptations of a comparison technique for terrain navigation

This paper deals with a terrain navigation technique based on the comparison of terrain height measurements with a reference map. The comparison can be either based on minimum absolute differences, minimum square differences or on cross correlations. This paper will give an introduction to these methods and state some important adaptations. The first adaptation increases the independence of the terrain navigation system by calculating the position hypothesis only based on previous position measurements and the strap-down velocity. The second adaptation uses a detailed search to increase the performance and the reliability of the terrain navigation system. Both adaptations are important steps to a higher integrity of modular terrain navigation systems.