电波折射误差实时修正的公式拟合方法

在实际工程应用中,为了提高雷达测量精度,电波折射误差的修正主要采用实时修正方法。本文给出了电波折射误差实时修正的公式拟合方法,该方法在实际应用中能够快速得到折射误差,从而提高了雷达测量精度。     

单脉冲雷达测量的电离层折射修正的研究

当目标在电离层飞行时,单脉冲雷达的测量电波会受到电离层的折射影响。由于电离层是一种磁离子介质,与低层大气介质的物理特性不一致,对电波造成的折射影响也不同。本文首先介绍电离层折射误差的计算方法,然后分析雷达测量仰角和目标高度造成的折射误差,并比较不同的电子浓度剖面对雷达测量的影响。     

大气水平不均匀性对电波折射误差修正精度的影响

本文首次提出了根据导弹外测系统中雷达电波射线经过的区域进行大气结构探测的新方法，并分析了下垫面复杂地区高精度是续波干涉仪外测系统中大气水平不均匀性对电波折射误差修正精度的影响。     

大气水平不均匀性对电波折射误差修正精度的影响

本文首次提出了根据导弹外测系统中雷达电波射线经过的区域进行大气结构探测的新方法,并分析了下垫面复杂地区高精度连续波干涉仪外测系统中大气水平不均匀性对电波折射误差修正精度的影响,这对提高外测系统测量精度具有很重要的实用意义。     

低空目标双雷达联合定位方法研究

针对海上靶场雷达对低空、远距离小目标的测量数据中存在大量的地海杂波干扰,陆海结合试验环境复杂,大气参数难以精确测量,电波折射修正困难,多径影响较大,以及自身的开环跟踪模式等因素,导致雷达俯仰角测量误差较大的问题,在充分利用靶场雷达测量网布站特点的基础上,提出了一种利用2台雷达共有段落的方位角和斜距信息,构建双雷达联合定位模型,完成目标弹道解算的方法。实测数据与仿真数据综合测试表明,通过使用该方法可有效解决雷达俯仰角测量信息超差对整体测量结果的影响,同时提高了靶场雷测数据处理的精度和可靠性。     

舷外有源诱饵对抗反辐射导弹模型研究

舰载雷达系统包括多种型号的雷达,在舰艇施放舷外有源诱饵对抗ARM时,不能简单地将其视为单一辐射源目标。通过分析舰载雷达辐射源工作特性,建立了舷外有源诱偏条件下ARM对舰载雷达的攻击模型。仿真结果表明,ARM散落点在舰载雷达周围分布较为密集,可以对舰载雷达系统构成了较大的威胁。     

低仰角大气折射误差对初轨精度的影响分析

针对在交会对接任务中测量船使用的电波折射经验模型存在低仰角跟踪测量修正精度差的问题提出改进思路,在模型中引入基于天顶延迟的拟合算法优化修正模型,提高了船载雷达低仰角跟踪时距离的修正精度,满足了测量船数据处理的精度需求。用新方法处理数据,计算的轨道根数半长轴外符合误差平均降低了605m,有效提高了测量船定轨精度。     

日新月异的航空电子战系统(下)

攻击防空雷达出现新招美国国防预研计划局（DARPA）和美国空军不久将启动一个为期3年的计划,来验证一种能迅速和精确测定敌方空防雷达地理位置的新技术,这样即使敌方雷达停止辐射电波,也能用精确制导武器对它们实施攻击。这个项目称为先进战术瞄准技术（AT’）。AT’计划的目标是要达到足够高的定位精度,精确到精确制导武器的杀伤包线之内,而且还要在很短时间内确定,以免机动空防设施移动到杀伤包线之外。确定敌方雷达位置的传统方法是用装备电子支援措施（ESM）系统的一架飞机从几个不同方位对雷达进行方位角测量,这一般需要30…     

数据链试飞电波传播衰减计算

数据链作用距离的试飞结果受试验区电波传播衰减影响很大,需要对其进行精确计算,为分析试飞结果提供支持.Fock级数法是计算电波衰减的一种精确方法,本文详细讨论了应用该方法求解试验区电波传播衰减的工程计算问题.     

基于DRFM的高分辨雷达扩展目标回波仿真技术

介绍了一种基于DRFM的高分辨雷达扩展目标回波信号仿真方法,该方法将舰船等复杂目标视为扩展目标,其雷达回波信号可以看作扩展目标各散射中心产生的回波信号的叠加。应用该技术产生的模拟目标回波信号和假目标干扰信号,由于携带雷达发射信号和照射目标特征信息,能顺利进入末制导雷达接收机,仿真效果优于一般常规仿真技术。     

应用单张像片解析法实现测绘图像实时定位

 针对某大地测绘系统,根据空中探测器实际位置和姿态确定测绘图像的 6个外方位元素,结合摄像机的 3个内方位元素和选中点在图像上的位置,应用单张像片解析法,可以求得图像上任意点的地面坐标,最后经过变换给出该点的经纬度,解决了测绘图像实时定位问题。     

Range-Doppler Imaging of Rotating Objects

During the integration time required to obtain fine Dopplerfrequency resolution in a range-Doppler imaging radar, a point on a rotating object may move through several range and Doppler resolution cells and produce a smeared image. This motion can be compensated by storing the appropriately processed return pulse, and the angular coordinates are determined by the angular coordinates of the radar antenna. The resulting stored data represents the three-dimensional Fourier transform of the object reflectivity density, and hence can be processed by an inverse Fourier transformation. Also included is an analysis of the three-dimensional radar/object geometry with separate source and receiver locations. The effects of various system aberrations are investigated and experimental results from a microwave test range which demonstrate the image improvement are presented.     

Minimum Number of Satellites for Three-Dimensional Continuous Worldwide Coverage

Global positioning by means of satellites requires simultaneous observation by at least four satellites. The problem is to determine the minimum number of satellites and the corresponding orbital geometry necessary to satisfy this requirement on a continuous basis. To model the problem, a fixed number of users are assumed uniformly distributed in a known manner over the surface of the earth, and the satellites are restricted to exist in either three or four orbital planes. However, the orbit radius and inclination angle are left as variables. Under these assumptions, and starting with a small number of satellites which will be increased afterwards, an algorithm is developed to determine the visibility of satellites at each surface location. In this way it is possible to specify the minimum number of satellites needed by any desired orbital geometry. It is found that the number of satellites required for three-dimensional continuous worldwide coverage decreases as the orbit radius is increased. There appears to be no general trend regarding the effect of the inclination angle on the minimum number of satellites.     

运动等离子柱体的电磁散射

 本文应用Minkowski变换研究了轴向运动非均匀等离子柱体的电磁散射。表明在坐标变换中易于导出相应稳态问题的解。文中详细研究了一半径为1m的等离子柱体的一些散射远场特性,其中包括远场方向图和后向散射横截面积(RCS)。     

基于点云数据的发动机管路最小间距计算方案

为检测整机发动机管路是否满足最小间距的设计要求,提出了一种基于点云数据的发动机管路最小间距计算方案,方案包含5个步骤:①从点云数据中划分出不同管路的数据;②基于管路点云数据的空间分布构造等间隔栅格,计算栅格中心点作为管路的趋势线数据;③在管路各趋势线数据点位置上构造垂直平面,将管路点云数据投影到最近的垂直平面上,获得各个垂直平面上呈圆弧状分布的投影点数据;④对各垂直平面上的投影点数据进行最小二乘圆拟合,得到拟合圆圆心及其半径值,将拟合圆圆心作为管路中心线数据;⑤采用遍历法计算两条管路中心线数据的最小间距,中心线最小间距分别减去两条管路的半径值则得到两条管路的表面最小间距。通过12条管路验证了方案的准确度。实验结果表明:管路最小间距偏差在-0.35~0.46mm之间,管路半径偏差在-0.08~0.22mm之间。该方案的实施有助于管路间距数字化检测的实现,且方案的计算结果具有较好的鲁棒性。      

弹道中段目标质心位置估计

 质心在目标上的位置是弹道中段目标的重要进动特征,也是目标的质量分布特征,可用于识别弹头和诱饵.针对旋转对称目标,提出了基于窄带雷达回波相位特性的质心位置估计方法.首先,选取目标对称轴上的任意点作为质心位置参考点,定义相应的质心位置参数,并构造以该点为相位参考中心的全姿态散射系数模板;然后,对窄带雷达回波采样序列进行相位匹配变换,搜索匹配函数的最大值,从而得到质心位置参数的估计值.仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性.     

弹道导弹子母弹头落点散布分析

建立了弹道导弹子母弹落点散布的计算模型，并利用解爆坐标系下的弹道模型，分析了8种主要因素对子弹落点参数和落点散布的影响，给出了估算子母弹落点散布半径的解析式。利用本模型计算的结果与标准值进行比较，证明所建模型是正确的。     

Moving Targets Processing in SAR Spatial Domain

This paper presents a novel technique to estimate the initial coordinates and velocity vector of moving targets, including those with velocities above the Nyquist limit, using a single synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensor without increasing the pulse repetition frequency (PRF). The basic reasoning is that, although the returned echoes may be undersampled in the azimuth direction, their phase and amplitude are informative with respect to the moving target trajectory parameters. Therefore, the so-called blind angle ambiguity, inherent to systems using a single SAR sensor, is overcome. The proposed method samples the data in the spatial domain, along the signature curve which depends on the moving target trajectory parameters. The resulting algorithm is a highly efficient (from the computational point of view) ID matched filter. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is illustrated using simulated SAR data and real data from the MSTAR public release data set, corresponding to a static SAR scene and a static BTR-60 with simulated motion.     

3-D Radar Based on Phase-in-Space Principle

A height-finding technique utilizing the relative phase between a series of point sources of a traveling-wave array is described. The point sources in the focal region of a torus antenna are used to control the phase of the antenna elevation pattern in space. Signals received from a given beam angle will arrive at each terminal of the traveling-wave feed with a different phase. By comparing this phase with a reference phase, the angular direction of an arriving plane wave can be measured with considerable accuracy. Thus a radar system with a single antenna and feed structure can be employed to yield instantaneous height coverage along with the usual range data.     

Study of ADS-B Data Evaluation

In western China, the terrain and meteorological conditions are so complex that it is not suitable to construct new radar stations. Automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) is a totally new surveillance method, so before practically applied and operated in China, abundant tests and evaluations are necessary to validate the performance of ADS-B and guarantee the operational security. During the flight tests, we collect the data of radar, ADS-B and high accuracy position and compare the performance of ADS-B with radar based on high accuracy position. To solve the asynchronous problem among radar data, ADS-B data and real-time kinematic (RTK) data caused by different update rates, this article proposes the technique of synchronizing multi-surveillance data by extrapolating from the data of low update rate to high update rate according to velocity and heading. Meanwhile, because radar data, ADS-B data and RTK data are expressed in different coordinates and cannot be compared each other, this article provides a method to unifying the coordinates of multi-surveillance data. By the analysis and evaluation, we can conclude that the performance of ADS-B is better than radar.