径向两星库仑编队队形保持自适应控制研究

研究地球同步轨道处径向两星库仑编队队形保持的自适应控制问题.建立了双星库仑编队在地球同步轨道处径向两星库仑编队动力学模型.基于建立的非线性化动力学模型,同时考虑到外部扰动和动力学模型误差等因素,设计径向两星库仑编队在地球同步轨道处的构型保持自适应控制律,并利用Lyapnuov稳定性理论证明系统的闭环稳定性.最后进行数值仿真,并与传统PID控制进行了比较.仿真结果表明提出的自适应控制律响应速度快,稳定性好,编队构型能够收敛到期望值,控制性能明显优于PID控制.     

径向共线多星库仑编队飞行构型保持研究

本文研究了多星库仑卫星编队在地球同步轨道处径向轨道动力学与控制问题.首先建立了N颗卫星在同步轨道点处的动力学模型,然后以只在库仑力作用下的四颗卫星编队为例,对共线四星编队模型进行线性化处理.针对其动力学模型设计了LQR控制器.考虑到建模误差,利用误差最大有界范围的二范数设计了改进型的LQR控制律,针对变量引入积分项对扰动误差进行补偿以提高控制精度.数值仿真结果表明,所建立的多星编队动力学模型是正确的,引入积分项的控制减少了编队构型稳定所需时间,且有效维持了编队构型.     

地球静止轨道混合推进三星库仑编队队形保持控制研究

研究了地球静止轨道处混合推进三星库仑编队队形保持控制问题.首先考虑未知有界相对摄动影响,建立了地球静止轨道处混合推进三星库仑编队动力学方程.然后基于相对运动解析解,设计了投影圆轨道旋转编队构型.最后采用滑模控制方法,设计了控制器并证明其稳定性,用饱和函数对控制器进行了改进,消除了抖振的影响.通过控制编队内部静电力和补充...     

近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队飞行非线性反馈控制方法

针对近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队飞行的动力学和控制问题, 提出了一种非线性反馈控制方法. 基于电磁力模型和地磁场模型, 分析了地磁场对近地轨道电磁编队的影响; 建立了集群航天器电磁编队高精度相对轨道动力学模型; 基于Lyapunov稳定性理论设计了一种非线性反馈控制律, 利用该方法对两星电磁编队维持控制进行了仿真验证. 仿真结果表明, 地磁场引起的电磁干扰力可以忽略, 但是电磁干扰力矩的影响必须考虑; 近地轨道集群航天器电磁编队是可控的, 所设计的控制方法是可行的.      

日心悬浮轨道混合推进航天器编队构型保持研究

针对混合推进航天器编队日心悬浮轨道保持控制问题进行了研究.首先推导出在日心悬浮轨道附近的航天器编队相对运动方程，考虑到航天器间距离变化值较小且航天器间距离与航天器到太阳的距离的比值为小量，将其在悬浮轨道附近线性化.基于该线性化方程，设计了一种LQR编队控制方式，该控制方式可通过调节太阳帆的姿态及航天器间库仑力的大小对编队构型进行改变或保持，具有响应速度快和控制简单的特点.最后对控制律进行数值仿真，表明该控制方法能实现编队.     

太阳帆航天器悬浮轨道动力学与控制

基于线性动力学模型和非线性动力学模型,研究了太阳帆航天器日心悬浮轨道保持与控制问题.首先,推导出了柱坐标形式的太阳帆动力学方程,并在参考悬浮轨道附近线性化以建立状态方程,然后对状态方程进行可控性分析.通过合理选择控制变量加权矩阵R,用线性二次型调节器(LQR)对线性模型进行控制.将得到的控制律代入非线性模型中进行验证,表明该控制律渐近稳定,并且具有良好的控制精度,可实现太阳帆悬浮轨道控制.      

椭圆轨道非线性相对运动模型的周期解与应用

在长期的航天器编队飞行中传统的基于线性相对运动模型设计编队保持轨道的方法会引起较多的燃料消耗.首先采用摄动法解析地求得了考虑二阶非线性项时椭圆轨道相对运动模型的周期性条件和周期解;然后以此周期解为参考轨道设计了基于Lyapunov稳定的PD保持控制律.仿真结果表明:基于椭圆轨道非线性相对运动模型的周期解较基于椭圆轨道线性相对运动模型的周期解,精度明显提高;以前者为参考轨道的保持控制与以后者为参考轨道的保持控制相比,燃耗明显降低.     

编队飞行航天器平均轨道根数非线性控制研究

基于非线性动力学模型,研究了环绕编队航天器的相对运动控制问题,介绍了一种基于平均轨道根数的航天器编队飞行非线性闭环控制方法。以航天器在惯性坐标系下位置速度向量误差为输入量,给出了一种全状态反馈控制律,利用Lyapunov方法证明该闭环系统是渐进稳定的;最后利用该方法对一个编队进行控制,仿真结果表明了该控制方法的可行性。     

基于航天器姿轨耦合模型的非线性前馈控制

对于航天器编队飞行和交会对接来说,精确的相对轨道和姿态模型尤其重要,而单独考虑相对轨道模型无法满足其高精度要求,因此从非线性相对轨道动力学方程和修正罗德里格斯参数(MRPs)表示的姿态运动学方程出发,建立了六自由度的相对动力学方程。在模型建立过程中考虑了耦合和非线性因素,保证了模型的精度。针对耦合非线性动力学方程设计了非线性前馈控制律,并通过李雅普诺夫直接法证明闭环系统的全局渐近稳定性。数值仿真算例验证了建立模型和控制律的有效性。     

Multi-Sphere Method for modeling spacecraft electrostatic forces and torques

The use of electrostatic (Coulomb) actuation for formation flying is attractive because non-renewable fuel reserves are not depleted and plume impingement issues are avoided. Prior analytical electrostatic force models used for Coulomb formations assume spherical spacecraft shapes, which include mutual capacitance and induced effects. However, this framework does not capture any orientation-dependent forces or torques on generic spacecraft geometries encountered during very close operations and docking scenarios. The Multi-Sphere Method (MSM) uses a collection of finite spheres to represent a complex shape and analytically approximate the Coulomb interaction with other charged bodies. Finite element analysis software is used as a truth model to determine the optimal sphere locations and radii. The model is robust to varying system parameters such as prescribed voltages and external shape size. Using the MSM, faster-than-realtime electrostatic simulation of six degree of freedom relative spacecraft motion is feasible, which is crucial for the development of robust relative position and orientation control algorithms in local space situational awareness applications. To demonstrate this ability, the rotation of a cylindrical craft in deep space is simulated, while charge control from a neighboring spacecraft is used to de-spin the object. Using a 1 m diameter craft separated by 10 m from a 3 by 1 m cylindrical craft in deep space, a 2 °/s initial rotation rate can be removed from the cylinder within 3 days, using electric potentials up to 30 kV.     

Effective Coulomb force modeling for spacecraft in Earth orbit plasmas

Coulomb formation flight is a concept that utilizes electrostatic forces to control the separations of close proximity spacecraft. The Coulomb force between charged bodies is a product of their size, separation, potential and interaction with the local plasma environment. A fast and accurate analytic method of capturing the interaction of a charged body in a plasma is shown. The Debye–Hückel analytic model of the electrostatic field about a charged sphere in a plasma is expanded to analytically compute the forces. This model is fitted to numerical simulations with representative geosynchronous and low Earth orbit (GEO and LEO) plasma environments using an effective Debye length. This effective Debye length, which more accurately captures the charge partial shielding, can be up to 7 times larger at GEO, and as great as 100 times larger at LEO. The force between a sphere and point charge is accurately captured with the effective Debye length, as opposed to the electron Debye length solutions that have errors exceeding 50%. One notable finding is that the effective Debye lengths in LEO plasmas about a charged body are increased from centimeters to meters. This is a promising outcome, as the reduced shielding at increased potentials provides sufficient force levels for operating the electrostatically inflated membrane structures concept at these dense plasma altitudes.     

Robust optimal sliding mode control for the deployment of Coulomb spacecraft formation flying

Inter-spacecraft electrostatic force (Coulomb force) is desirable for close formation flying control because of its propellant-less and free contaminate characteristics attributed to the propellant exhaust emission. This paper presents robust optimal sliding mode control to deal with the problem of thruster saturation in tracking the formation trajectory for Coulomb spacecraft formation flying. The robust controller design is based on optimal control theory as a linear quadratic system, and it is augmented with an integral sliding mode control technique. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed using the second Lyapunov method. The developed controller outperforms the existing ones, because it has a higher degree of fine-tuning to cope with the uncertainty. Numerical simulations are employed to confirm the efficiency of the developed controller.     

力伺服系统的模糊自适应控制

位置扰动型施力系统存在着多余力的问题,同时由于系统的非线性及参数时变等因素的影响,给系统的校正和优化带来了困难,为了消除位置扰动型施力系统中存在的多余力以及非线性,参数时变等因素的影响,采用在非线性前馈校正基础上的模糊自适应控制策略,可以较好地消除系统的多余力,同时克服了系统的非线性及参数时变等因素的影响,改善系统的动态品质,仿真研究的结果验证上述结论。     

On two kinds of intermediate orbits for asteroid explorations

In the paper, two kinds of intermediate orbits for asteroid explorations are proposed. One is around the collinear libration points of the Sun-asteroid restricted three-body problem. The other is around the asteroid itself. The first kind of intermediate orbit is applicable to asteroids with known masses, while the second is suitable for asteroids with unknown or negligible masses. Analytical solutions of these two intermediate orbits in the simplified models are introduced first, and then numerical algorithms are used to refine them to obtain the true orbits in the real force model. At last, the problem of station-keeping is addressed. The linear optimal feedback control law is used, and numerical simulations are made to both kinds of intermediate orbits. The results show that both kinds of orbits are feasible. The cost is reasonable and mainly depends on the initial insertion error.     

地月平动点中继应用轨道维持

地月平动点中继应用轨道对于月球背面探测具有十分重要的应用价值,由于地月平动点的不稳定性,必须进行轨道维持。文章研究了真实力模型下月球平动点中继应用轨道的维持。首先,基于限制性三体问题下平动点轨道的运动特性,研究了平动点轨道维持的数学模型与维持策略,提出了平动点轨道维持的连续环绕控制方法,并给出了轨道维持的Halo和Lissajous两种控制方式;其次,充分考虑各天体和光压摄动下,采用数值手段研究了不同幅值的地月平动点周期中继应用轨道的维持间隔与速度增量等。研究结果表明:Lissajous控制方式适用于月球平动点中继应用轨道的维持,在给定测控精度条件下,维持间隔约7.4d,速度增量优于20m/s/a。该方法已经成功应用于我国"嫦娥2号"日地平动点任务和"嫦娥5T1"地月平动点任务并获得了良好的控制效果,还可直接应用于我国未来"嫦娥4号"等月球背面探测任务。