基于GPS/DR/DM组合导航定位系统的研究

设计了一种基于GPS辅助以DR和DM的组合导航定位的联邦滤波器,采用GPS、DR和DM组合导航定位的设计方案的基础上,提出一种先分散式再局部集中联邦滤波器并采用一种简化的自适应联邦滤波器算法对各定位数据进行融合优化,并进行了仿真.仿真结果表明本文设计的联邦卡尔曼滤波器自适应算法对多传感器系统进行数据处理,能够提供一种最佳估计途径,在容错、数据容量及降低系统费用等方面,都比集中卡尔曼滤波器更为优越,使误差进一步减小.该设计与一般的分散卡尔曼滤波器比较,在信息综合方面更加快捷.     

基于联邦滤波结构的INS／GPS组合导航系统数据融合研究

为了研究平台式惯导INS（interial navigation system）和全球定位系统GPS（globe position system）组合导航联邦滤波器的实现,使用速度局部滤波器和位置局部滤波器,分别对INS／GPS组合导航系统的向东速度、向北速度,以及对经度和纬度进行卡尔曼滤波,然后将位置数据和速度数据输入主滤波进行数据融合。以无人机的向东匀速水平飞行为背景,运用联邦卡尔曼滤波器算法,使用matelab进行仿真分析。可以证明联邦滤波器算法简单,易于实现,并且可以提高导航系统精度．实际应用中此方法可行。     

基于“速度+姿态”快速传递对准的可观测性分析

惯导系统初始对准一般采用卡尔曼滤波器对初始姿态误差角进行估计,而在设计卡尔曼滤波器之前通常要对系统进行可观测性分析,确定卡尔曼滤波器的效果。捷联惯导系统的卡尔曼滤波模型在传递对准时,为线性时变系统,而线性时变系统的可观测性分析比较困难。文中采用一种依据系统矩阵的奇异值确定状态可观测度的方法对基于“速度＋姿态”快速传递对准的卡尔曼滤波模型进行可观测性分析,结果表明该方法可直接简单地实现系统状态的可观测度分析。     

航空发动机约束卡尔曼滤波方法

<正>卡尔曼滤波器通常用于动态系统的状态估计,但在应用过程中,有些已知的信息在运算过程中被忽略,例如转速、温度与压力的范围限制。约束卡尔曼滤波器将已知的信息作为约束,可以提高估计的精度。文献首次提出了将约束线性卡尔曼滤波应用于发动机健康估计;文献介绍了约束线性卡尔曼滤波数学实现的矩阵变换,与传统的无约束线性卡尔曼滤波对比,该方法对发动机健康状况参数估计更加准确。     

基于联邦滤波的惯导/北斗/里程计紧 组合导航算法研究

针对地面载体长时间复杂应用环境对导航系统精确性和可靠性的要求,提 出一种基于联邦滤波器的惯导/北斗/里程计紧组合导航算法。在分析惯导、北斗、里程 计导航系统特点的基础上,建立了组合导航系统的误差状态模型和量测模型,采用联邦 滤波器实现了三者的紧组合容错系统设计,分别对子系统无故障、北斗及里程计出现故 障情况下进行仿真验证。结果表明,将联邦滤波理论应用于惯导/北斗/里程计紧组合导 航系统可以提高导航性能和系统的容错能力。     

卡尔曼/粒子组合滤波在GPS/INS组合导航中的应用研究

在非线性模型和非高斯噪声条件下,粒子滤波在GPS/INS组合导航系统的观测精度较低时能取得较好的滤波结果,但在高观测精度情况下会导致滤波发散。针对这一问题,在分析了基本粒子滤波器算法原理的基础上提出一种卡尔曼/粒子组合滤波方法,将状态向量分为线性部分和非线性部分,分别用卡尔曼滤波和粒子滤波估计,既保证了简化后滤波算法的结果不会变差,又将运算量大大降低,仿真试验表明,组合滤波器能够获得较高的滤波精度,满足实际的导航要求。     

卡尔曼滤波在某型组合导航系统模拟器中的应用

为提高某型GPS／INS组合导航系统模拟器模拟数据的真实性和飞行软件包、GPS模拟器、组合导航系统模拟器三者交联的有效性,在该模拟器中设计了卡尔曼滤波器。文中在介绍模拟器工作原理的基础上,建立了GPS／INS位置与速度组合方式下的卡尔曼滤波器的状态方程和量测方程,用U-D分解法建立了卡尔曼滤波方程,给出了纯惯导及组合后系统的位置与速度误差仿真曲线,并对仿真结果进行了系统测试,最后与其它模拟器进行了组网导航训练测试。     

基于联邦滤波的容错组合导航系统仿真分析

设计INS／GPS组合导航系统时,考虑到观测量GPS位置和速度是正相关的,可通过降低单个滤波器的维度形成两个局部滤波器,主滤波器融合局部滤波器的状态估计,得到整个组合导航系统的误差状态估计值。同时,根据各局部滤波器的故障情况选择输出,仅利用未失效系统的局部滤波器得到可靠的最优误差状态估计值,使得容错性能大大提高。结果表明,由于采用了并行运算,增加了系统的余度,有效提高了导航系统的精度和可靠性,有较好的容错性和环境适应性,具有较高的应用价值。     

基于置信度加权的组合导航数据融合算法

 针对联邦滤波融合算法中由于模型量测噪声统计特性未能被准确描述导致其子滤波器误差变大，进而导致联邦滤波估计出现偏差的问题，为了改进联邦滤波融合方法，将模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波方法和置信度加权方法与联邦滤波融合方法相结合，应用于组合导航系统。该方法首先将模糊自适应卡尔曼滤波方法应用于各子滤波器，使其能够跟踪真实量测噪声统计特性。然后通过模糊方法计算得到各子滤波器的置信度，进而得到联邦滤波器的置信度，再由得到的置信度对各子滤波器及联邦滤波器输出进行加权，得到最终的全局输出。对车载组合导航系统的仿真结果表明，这种算法对量测噪声具有较强的自适应性，能够抑制置信度低的子滤波器在融合系统中所占的权重，提高联邦滤波融合算法的精度，是一种可行的车载组合导航数据融合算法。     

JIDS/SINS/GPS组合导航系统两级故障检测结构设计

针对传统组合导航系统故障检测方法不能同时准确检测突变故障及缓变故障的不足,提出了一种两级故障检测结构。这种结构采用联邦滤波器结合了残差χ2检测法易于检测突变故障和状态χ2检测法易于检测缓变故障的优势,在JIDS/SINS/GPS组合导航系统中得到了成功应用。仿真表明,这种方法对突变故障和缓变故障都达到了较好的检测效果。此外,此方法没有改变联邦滤波器原有结构,检测准确度高,计算量小,是一种便于工程实现的检测方法。     

SINS/GNSS integrated navigation system based on maximum versoria filter

In the missile-borne Strapdown Inertial Navigation System/Global Navigation Satellite System (SINS/GNSS) integrated navigation system, due to the factors such as the high dynamics, the signal blocking by obstacles, the signal intefereces, etc., there always exist pulse interferences or measurement information interruptions in the satellite receiver, which make nonstationary measurement process. The traditional Kalman Filter (KF) can tackle the state estimation problem under Gaussian white noise, but its performance will be significantly reduced under non-Gaussian noises. In order to deal with the non-Gaussian conditions in the actual missile-borne SINS/GNSS integrated navigation systems, a Maximum Versoria Criterion Extended Kalman Filter (MVC-EKF) algorithm is proposed based on the MVC and the idea of M-estimation, which assigns a smaller weight to the anomalous measurements so as to suppress the influence of anomalous measurements on the state estimation while maintaining a relatively low calculation cost. Finally, the integrated navigation simulation experiments prove the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.     

GPS/BDS/INS tightly coupled integration accuracy improvement using an improved adaptive interacting multiple model with classified measurement update

An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is commonly used to fuse raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements and Inertial Navigation System (INS) derived measurements. However, the Conventional EKF (CEKF) suffers the problem for which the uncertainty of the statistical properties to dynamic and measurement models will degrade the performance. In this research, an Adaptive Interacting Multiple Model (AIMM) filter is developed to enhance performance. The soft-switching property of Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm allows the adaptation between two levels of process noise, namely lower and upper bounds of the process noise. In particular, the Sage adaptive filtering is applied to adapt the measurement covariance on line. In addition, a classified measurement update strategy is utilized, which updates the pseudorange and Doppler observations sequentially. A field experiment was conducted to validate the proposed algorithm, the pseudorange and Doppler observations from Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) were post-processed in differential mode. The results indicate that decimeter-level positioning accuracy is achievable with AIMM for GPS/INS and GPS/BDS/INS configurations, and the position accuracy is improved by 35.8%, 34.3% and 33.9% for north, east and height components, respectively, compared to the CEKF counterpart for GPS/BDS/INS. Degraded performance for BDS/INS is obtained due to the lower precision of BDS pseudorange observations.     

Cubature Kalman filter with closed-loop covariance feedback control for integrated INS/GNSS navigation

Cubature Kalman Filter (CKF) offers a promising solution to handle the data fusion of integrated nonlinear INS/GNSS (Inertial Navigation System/Global Navigation Satellite System) navigation. However, its accuracy is degraded by inaccurate kinematic noise statistics which originate from disturbances of system dynamics. This paper develops a method of closed-loop feedback covariance control to address the above problem of CKF. In this method, the posterior state and its covariance are fed back to the filtering process to constitute a closed-loop structure for CKF covariance propagation. Subsequently, based on the maximum likelihood principle, a control scheme of the prior state covariance is established by using the feedback state and covariance within an estimation window and further adopting a proportional coefficient to amplify the feedback terms in recent time steps for the full use of new information to reflect actual system characteristics. Since it does not directly use kinematic noise covariance, the proposed method can effectively avoid the adverse impact of inaccurate kinematic noise statistics on filtering solutions. Further, it can also guarantee the prior state covariance to be positive semi-definite without involving extra measures. The efficacy of the proposed method is validated by simulations and experiments for integrated INS/GNSS navigation.     

基于神经网络的航天器GPS/INS组合定姿系统

基于GPS和惯性技术的组合导航系统是近年来导航系统的研究热点和主要发展方向.目前基于卡尔曼滤波方法的算法在稳定性、计算量、算法鲁棒性以及系统可观测性等方面仍然存在问题.基于神经网络技术研究了一种新的GPS/INS组合定姿自适应卡尔曼滤波方法,理论分析表明,该方法不但对姿态信息具有较好的估计性能,而且对系统模型的精确性、噪声特性具备良好的鲁棒性.最后,利用模拟数据对所研究算法进行了分析计算,与传统的卡尔曼滤波方法进行了比较、分析,结果表明所设计组合算法在精度、稳定性以及鲁棒性等方面较传统卡尔曼方法具有良好的特性.     

水下复杂环境下基于SINS/USBL/DVL多源信息融合的组合导航算法

针对复杂水下声场环境下高精度、长航时导航与定位的需求,构建了捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)/超短基线(USBL)相对测量信息的观测方程和SINS/声学多普勒测速仪(DVL)的观测方程,提出了一种融合SINS/USBL/DVL多源信息的组合定位算法.为解决声学量测信息不确定引起的导航性能下降的问题,充分考虑水声野值所导致的...     

A novel optimal data fusion algorithm and its application for the integrated navigation system of missile

For Inertial Navigation System(INS)/Celestial Navigation System(CNS)/Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) integrated navigation system of the missile, the performance of data fusion algorithms based on the Cubature Kalman Filter(CKF) is seriously degraded when there are non-Gaussian noise and process-modeling errors in the system model. Therefore, a novel method is proposed, which is called Optimal Data Fusion algorithm based on the Adaptive Fading maximum Correntropy generalized high-degree...     

基于UKF的GPS/SINS组合导航直接式滤波算法

基于无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)方法,使用姿态、速度、位置等9个导航参数组成状态向量,以GPS系统输出的速度、位置组成6维观测向量,构建直接式结构的UKF滤波器。该滤波器能够直接反映系统导航参数的动态过程,准确显示运动状态演变。针对GPS/SINS组合导航系统的特点,构建了GPS/SINS组合导航直接式卡尔曼滤波仿真验证系统,仿真结果验证了基于UKF的GPS/SINS组合导航直接式滤波算法的有效性,该直接式非线性滤波算法可使惯性组合导航系统的导航精度得到提高。     

New low cost avionics with INS/GPS for a variety of vehicles

Development of a new vehicle avionics suite is described, including integration of a low-cost, tightly-coupled integrated Inertial Navigation System/Global Positioning System (INS/GPS) to support vehicle guidance, navigation, and control (GN&C). A wide variety of next-generation low-cost launch vehicles could potentially benefit from integrated INS/GPS technology for GN&C and/or range safety applications. Coleman Aerospace Company (CAC) has developed a new low-cost avionics suite, the generic Integrated Mission Guidance & Tracking System (IMGTS), an open architecture, modular system that supports the requirements for various guidance applications and range safety tracking. As part of this development, Boeing North American, Inc. is supplying its Modular Miniature Integrated GPS/INS Tactical System (M-MIGITS^TM) Military-Off-The-Shelf (MOTS) INS/GPS product to support CAC's IMGTS GN&C     

Mahalanobis distance-based fading cubature Kalman filter with augmented mechanism for hypersonic vehicle INS/CNS autonomous integration

Inertial Navigation System/Celestial Navigation System(INS/CNS) integration, especially for the tightly-coupled mode, provides a promising autonomous tactics for Hypersonic Vehicle(HV) in military demands. However, INS/CNS integration is a challenging research task due to its special characteristics such as strong nonlinearity, non-additive noise and dynamic complexity.This paper presents a novel nonlinear filtering method for INS/CNS integration by adopting the emerging Cubature Kalman Filter(C...     

基于DKF的IMU误差预测算法

作为导航领域常用的组合导航方式,全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)/惯性导航系统(INS)组合导航在GNSS信号失锁后,由于惯性测量单元(IMU)误差随时间迅速积累,其定位结果会偏离载体真实位置,导航精度下降.针对此问题,提出了一种长短期记忆网络(LSTM)辅助的算法,称之为深度卡尔曼滤波(DKF)算法.DKF算法的核心思想是使用LSTM训练IMU误差模型,然后通过训练出的模型预测IMU误差,最后将预测的IMU误差代入IMU数据以校正导航结果.仿真结果表明:在200s测试数据上,DKF算法将误差从1.1537m/s降低到0.3746m/s.与平均预测、卡尔曼预测和最小二乘估计等方法相比,DKF算法的误差最小,具有更优越的导航性能.