Hill区域内基于推广的Poincaré映射的低能逃逸/捕捉轨道

给出了Hill区域内基于推广的Poincare映射的低能逃逸轨道的计算.文中的推广的Poincare映射需要在相空间中选取两个(而非一个)与流相截的面,即将包含某个天平动点的截面通过轨道来映射到近拱点的通道面上的,在数值上通过总变差减小的Runge-Kutta方法来实现两个相面之间的映射.捕捉轨道则可由Hill三体模型的对称性直接导出.最后,关于Rhea的二维、三维的逃逸和捕捉轨道的仿真结果验证了该方法的精度和鲁棒性.     

极坐标系连续常值推力机动分析

连续常值推力是空间飞行常用的轨道机动方式，在空间交会与星际航行使命中具有重要的应用价值。其中，小推力适合于地球轨道航天器交会机动，而切向或周向推力以及较大的正径向推力可用于脱离地球引力场的逃逸飞行，执行星际交会使命。应用常推力作用下的极坐标系质心运动方程，对机动推力的量值没有限制；在航天器交会应用中，对相对距离也无要求。这种方法可直接获得向径与速度等轨道参数随时间或极角（绕地心的转动角）的变化，便于分析轨道转移与逃逸运动，有助于飞行使命与运动轨迹的设计。特别是，若机动转移的初轨为圆轨道，在推力较小、飞行时间不长的情况下，应用无量纲形式运动方程，可获得具有工程应用价值的近似解。文章给出一些有关的结果与应用案例。     

目标天体极轨道卫星的轨道寿命

星际探测器轨道的特征与探测目的密切相关，对目标天体两级地区进行探测显然采用的是极轨道（或接近极轨道）。对于这类卫星（或称轨道器），如果轨道半长径较大，则会因第三体报骚动国导致轨道偏心率增大，使其近星距减小到等于目标天体的赤道半径而落到该天体上，结束其运动寿命，即使目标天体不存在大气（如月球等）亦会如此。     

甚小型卫星发展综述

介绍了立方星(CubeSat)、片上卫星(SpaceChip)、印制电路板卫星(PCBSat)、多芯片组件卫星(MCMSat)4种甚小型卫星的发展情况和技术特点。CubeSat技术最为成熟,已发射多颗此类卫星,但体积固定,成本较高;SpaceChip是卫星小型化的最终目标,它成本最低,集成度最高,体积最小,但通信距离较短;PCBSat的成本和性能居中,设计复杂度低,且元器件有商用现货供应,但功耗较大;MCMSat综合了PCBSat和SpaceChip的技术特点,技术复杂。我国甚小型卫星可选择优先发展PCBSat;重点突破商用现货元器件的筛选,以及空间应用技术、一体化姿态控制技术、新型微推进技术、轻型高效的蓄电池和太阳电池技术等。     

Observations of electromagnetic emissions inside the Earth’s plasmasphere from the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Interball-1</Emphasis> satellite

The spectrum analyzer AKR-X onboard the Interball-1 satellite at the beginning (August–October 1995) and at the end (August–October 2000) of satellite operation in perigees of its orbital motion recorded and analyzed electromagnetic emissions of the inner regions of the Earth’s plasmasphere in the frequency band 100–1500 kHz at distances of 1.1–1.8 R _E. The observations have shown that the electromagnetic modes (the Z and LO modes escaping the magnetosphere) which are formed at the altitudes 600–4000 km are associated with the subauroral nonthermal continuum and with the recently discovered kilometric continuum. There are noticeable differences in the spectral character of these emissions during the minimum (1996) and maximum (2000) solar activity, when, as a rule, the LO mode escaping the plasmaphere and the continua are not present.     

Applied potential tomography

Applied Potential Tomography (APT) is a new method of imaging changes in the distribution of electrical resistivity within the human body. Such changes occur during respiration and, because of the movement of blood within the chest, during the cardiac cycle. Changes can also be observed due to redistribution of fluid within the body during simulated weightlessness. As very low electric currents are used to take measurements the method is safe. The equipment is simple and compact and ideal for use in space based measurement of physiological changes in the human body.     

一种不需要源个数估计的MUSIC算法

MUSIC方法是阵列高分辨测向子空间方法中的经典算法,该算法的一个缺点就是需要进行源个数估计,源个数估计不正确将会导致虚假峰和漏峰.提出一种不需要源个数估计的MUSIC方法,该方法首先将快拍分组,对每一组的自相关进行特征值分解,以最小特征值对应的特征向量作为噪声向量,然后将搜索向量在每一组噪声向量上的投影构成新的矩阵,DOA对应的新矩阵将缺秩,根据新矩阵的缺秩程度来估计DOA.仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性.     

非凸二次约束下航天器姿态机动路径迭代规划方法

针对复杂约束下航天器姿态机动路径规划问题,首先描述和分析了航天器姿态机动过程中面临的动力学和运动学约束、有界约束、姿态指向约束,把姿态指向约束利用非凸二次型进行表述;其次从能量最优角度出发,将该约束机动问题归纳为非凸二次约束二次规划问题;然后引入线性松弛技术,将该问题转化成双线性规划问题,求出其中一个变量的凸包络和凹包络,降低求解复杂度,从而求出原问题的一个线性松弛。同时为了提高求解精度,提出一种基于评价函数的迭代规划算法,利用线性松弛求出的解作为初值,通过评价函数进行迭代规划,最终求出原问题的最优解。仿真结果表明该方法不仅可以满足复杂的姿态约束,得到全局姿态优化路径,而且能够降低能量消耗。     

The motion of a synchronous satellite in a system similar to the earth-moon system

The stationary motions of a synchronous axisymmetric satellite are studied in the field of attraction by the Earth and a third body whose parameters are close to those of the Moon. Equations of motion are written in canonical variables that take into account the resonance character of the problem. The plots characterizing the dependence of the rotation parameters of the satellite relative to the center of mass on the elements of satellite’s translational motion are presented. A picture is given that represents the initial configuration of the system for implementing stationary motions.     

公共治理视域下的廊坊城市软环境建设上水平研究

近年来,廊坊市城市公共治理取得了一定的成效,主要呈现以下特征：一是治理主体逐步多元化;二是部门联动逐步完善化;三是城市管理日渐开放化。面对新的形势实现城市发展由传统治理向公共治理转变必须重塑政府,增强政府治理能力;实现政府理念再造;重新定位政府角色;增强政府回应性;激发城市主体参与意识。     

公共治理视域下的廊坊城市软环境建设上水平研究

近年来,廊坊市城市公共治理取得了一定的成效,主要呈现以下特征：一是治理主体逐步多元化;二是部门联动逐步完善化;三是城市管理日渐开放化。面对新的形势实现城市发展由传统治理向公共治理转变必须重塑政府,增强政府治理能力;实现政府理念再造;重新定位政府角色;增强政府回应性;激发城市主体参与意识。     

一种翻滚火箭箭体的运动参数估计方法

针对处于自由翻滚运动状态的火箭箭体,其呈回转体结构,运动参数估计难的问题,提出了一种翻滚火箭箭体的运动参数估计方法。采用激光成像雷达获取目标的三维点云数据,通过点云法向量估计和随机采样一致性算法计算得到自旋轴;然后结合序列各帧的自旋轴估计结果,采用最小二乘法求解得到翻滚火箭箭体的翻滚轴;进而利用相邻两帧的自旋轴和翻滚轴估计结果求解得到章动角和空间章动角速率。基于仿真数据对方法进行了实验及分析,结果表明该方法能够有效地估计自由翻滚状态的火箭箭体的翻滚轴、章动角和空间章动角速率。     

On the planar inertial motion of a system of three coupled bodies

Numerous papers are devoted to studying the motion of a system (coupling) of two bodies in the Earth’s satellite orbit ([1–4] and others). The problem on the planar inertial motion of three bodies, coupled by a non-extensible weightless string having the form of an unfastened chain, is considered in the paper. Such a configuration can be represented, for example, by a system of two coupled spacecraft rotating around their common center of mass (in order to simulate the gravity force) in long-term space missions, when the third body (the lift) is located on a connecting cable. The bodies are considered to be the material points (particles).     

A permanently-acting NEA damage mitigation technique via the Yarkovsky effect

In the later stages of a combined mission of exploration and damage mitigation of a hazardous Near Earth Asteroid (NEA), sufficiently detailed tracking, orbit prediction, mass distribution, and physical properties data have been accumulated. It may be desirable to implement a “slow push” damage mitigation technique that is capable of altering the NEA orbit continuously and permanently. This possibility was suggested in a companion paper that outlined an archetypal exploration/mitigation mission to the NEA 99942 Apophis, which is achieved using a novel albedo change approach. The details and apparatus used in the albedo modification technique are described in the paper. We describe the design details and the constraints on particle size (to prevent electrostatic levitation and escape) and on the dispensing speed (to achieve the desired coverage zone and prevent particles from orbiting or escaping).     

老子深邃的贵身思想

老子关注人的一项重要内容就是要确定身与物谁贵谁轻。他主张贵身，反对以物役身；人是目的，物为手段；人以身为贵，依道贵身；贵身有道。     

磁液悬浮式离心血泵实验研究

磁液悬浮式离心血泵是第三代人工辅助心脏系统的核心部件,血泵的好坏直接影响到整个系统的工作性能。本文针对一种新型磁液悬浮式离心血泵开展血泵性能测试的实验研究,通过设计实验系统测试获得血泵各项性能参数,并对此种新型血泵的综合性能进行评价,为新型磁液悬浮式离心血泵的研制工作提供实验依据。     

长征二号F火箭逃逸系统整流罩装配技术

针对长征二号F火箭逃逸整流罩纵向连接结构及解锁系统的技术要求,从整流罩各部段的对接桁、解锁接头的装配质量及精度入手,通过装配工装,增加过程控制,消除各部段的铆接变形,提高装配质量与精度及协调性。改进解锁机构的装配工艺,减小解锁机构的摩擦力,确保逃逸系统整流罩的同步解锁。     

Space and the fate of humanity

Current growth and consumption rates on Earth cannot be sustained into the future. Space technology is already a vital tool in the management of the planet and we should look at it to mitigate some of the problems we face. However, this should not include colonization of interstellar space. Rather we should focus on using solar energy from space and on mining asteroids, both of which would be feasible if the Moon was developed as a space base and power station. The most difficult and expensive part of getting into space is escaping Earth's gravity - something that could be avoided once a presence was established on the Moon. A lunar base would also provide the obvious site from which to reach GEO, travel to Mars or back to Earth and, ultimately, to explore the further reaches of the Solar System.     

Analytic expansions of luni-solar gravity perturbations along rotating axes for trajectory optimization—Part 2: The multipliers system and simulations

An efficient self-contained trajectory optimization software is generated by making use of de Pontécoulant's analytic lunar theory removing the need for an outside third body ephemeris program to compute the lunar and solar position vectors at each integration step. The accelerations being further resolved along the rotating Euler–Hill frame after expansion to third order in the spacecraft radial distance, the adjoint differential equations are derived in a direct manner complementing the generation of the dynamic system of equations for full compatibility. Because the variation of parameters equations are cast in terms of the nonsingular equinoctial elements with the perturbation accelerations resolved in their analytic form along the rotating axes, the adjoint equations are also derived in the same manner providing a highly efficient and accurate system of equations for rapid computations in conjunction with Aerospace Corporation's NLP2 nonlinear programming codes to search for the initial values of the multipliers that steer the spacecraft towards its target orbit in minimum time. Numerical simulations show that the solutions obtained by the analysis developed in this paper are essentially identical to the more indirect approach based on the use of inertial accelerations obtained from a separate ephemeris generator and subsequent conversions to the thrust frame and equinoctial system.     

几种高性能纤维的表面性能及其对界面粘接的影响

分别使用扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱仪，对T-800炭纤雏、F-12有机纤维及新型超高强度PBO纤雏(聚对苯撑苯并双嗯唑)进行了物理与化学表征和分析，用SEM观察得出这三种纤雏表面物理形态差别清晰可见，T-800纤雏表面沟槽深且直径小，PBO纤雏表面极光滑且直径中等，F-12纤维直径最大且表面有微小沟槽。XPS定量分析表明，这三种纤维表面活性也不一样，T-800纤维表面活性较多，PBO纤维表面活性最差。纤维表面状态的差异体现在它们与树脂复合后的材料界面粘接性能上，T-800纤维的界面剪切强度(IFSS)高，F-12纤雏次之，PBO纤雏最差。