连续推力作用下卫星轨道的相对可达区域研究

在燃料一定的情况下,研究连续推力作用下卫星轨道的相对可达区域非常重要.通过对动力学模型的分析,将相对可达区域的计算转化为对最优控制问题的求解,通过对优化模型的分析,最终将最优控制问题的求解转化为对线性微分方程组的求解.给出了卫星轨道相对可达区域的确定方法,对不同燃料和时间限制情况下卫星的相对可达区域进行了计算、仿真和分...     

基于协同进化粒子群和Pareto最优解的卫星编队队形重构方法

针对卫星编队自主队形重构问题,提出了基于协同进化粒子群优化(CPSO)和Pareto最优解的求解方法.首先,使用Legendre伪谱法(LPM)将队形重构问题离散化为非线性规划(NLP)问题;其次,根据卫星编队的特点及碰撞规避的需要,使用CPSO算法对重构问题采用既独立又集中的求解方式,避免了传统优化方法对梯度的求解;...     

分布式卫星干涉测高系统编队构形优化设计方法

 分布式卫星干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）编队构形设计是系统总体设计的关键问题。从系统测高性能优化角度出发，提出分布式InSAR编队优化设计一般方法，将其概括为求解一个优化问题，以主星带辅星群体制分布式InSAR为例建立目标函数，针对其星载双站、斜视、空间基线等特点建立测高精度与辅星轨道根数的关系，基于近似的相对运动数学模型对该优化问题进行简化，并采用遗传算法求解。在此基础上，对多颗卫星组成编队以提高系统测高性能提出了一种多星编队设计方法。仿真分析表明，经优化得到的编队测高性能要优于干涉车轮和钟摆编队，该结果验证了优化设计方法的有效性和正确性。     

Suboptimal Control of Satellite Momenta in a Noisy Environment

The body rate dynamics of a spin-stabilized satellite are perturbed by white noise. We consider the optimal control of body rates and fuel consumption. The corresponding deterministic problem is solved using calculus of variation. The stochastic problem is then solved to obtain a suboptimal controller in closed form.     

基于神经网络的鲁棒制导律设计

 基于神经网络理论对寻的导弹鲁棒制导律进行了优化设计。建立了制导系统非线性运动学方程和鲁棒性能函数,并将鲁棒性能函数转化成了微分对策的极小极大化问题。采用伴随 BP技术,将微分对策的两点边值求解问题转化为 2个神经网络的学习问题,训练后的 2个神经网络分别作为对策双方的最优控制器在线使用,避免了直接求解复杂的鲁棒制导律问题,仿真结果表明了该方法有效性。     

Optimal Terminal Rendezvous as a Stochastic Differential Game Problem

The optimal terminal rendezvous of two satellites in orbit about the Earth is studied using a stochastic model and formulating the rendezvous as a game problem. Each satellite has noise-corrupted output measurements and uses a Kalman filter to generate the best estimate of the states describing the rendezvous. The optimal control for the satellites is determined. A comparison is made in terms of dimensionality and complexity to a deterministic solution of the rendezvous problem.     

对地观测卫星成像调度的多目标约束修正方法

 约束修正是对地观测卫星成像调度的重要组成部分,负责处理成像调度方案的约束满足与优化,是一类复杂的组合优化问题。为得到优化可行的成像调度方案,提出一种新的约束修正方法。针对约束修正问题构建时间序有向图模型,并将约束修正问题归结为点带约束成本的优化路径搜索问题;在此基础上,提出一种基于标记更新的多目标约束修正算法。实际问题的实验与分析表明：该方法能够在规定的时间内求得问题所有的多目标优化解,有效地解决了卫星成像调度的约束满足与优化问题。     

基于能量最优的敏捷遥感卫星在轨任务规划

针对敏捷遥感卫星对多个离散观测点在轨自主任务规划问题,在考虑姿态运动方程耦合性的基础上,将问题分解为空间资源调度问题和连续最优控制问题,进而提出了一种结合伪谱法和遗传算法的混合求解算法。该算法针对基于行商问题(TSP)模型建立的空间资源调度问题模型,选用二维编码结构对观测顺序和相对观测时间进行实数编码,并采用遗传算法求解观测序列和观测时间;针对判断观测时间可行性时涉及的时间最优控制问题、以及姿态转移过程中涉及的最小能量消耗问题,将其归结为连续最优控制问题,并基于Gauss伪谱协态变量映射定理,采用Gauss伪谱法进行求解。通过与基于单纯遗传算法的规划算法进行对比试验,本文所提出的基于伪谱法和遗传算法的混合求解策略针对目标问题,在典型工况下姿态转移过程中能量消耗降低60%。     

Nonsaturating Satellite Open-Loop Feedback Controls

The dynamics of a zero-momentum three-axis attitude controlled satellite is used to formulate an optimal control problem, which is then solved for the special case where the flywheels operate in a nonsaturating mode. The results then serve as guidelines in the design of simple open-loop and feedback controllers.     

Use of the Navy Satellite System in Geodetic Surveying

The question of how multiple-pass data from the Navy Satellite System can be processed to yield an optimal estimate of the latitude, longitude, and elevation of a point on the Earth's surface is considered. It is demonstrated that the problem can be treated by use of modern estimation techniques. Two methods are considered: Kalman estimation and weighted least-squares estimation. The variance of the estimation errors is compared for a simulated sequence of 50 satellite passes.     

一种卫星导航接收机固定多波束抗干扰方法

自适应波束形成抗干扰性能受先验信息、通道幅相误差等因素影响较大,在工程应用中实现复杂,鲁棒性较差。针对这一问题,提出了一种卫星导航接收机固定多波束抗干扰方法,该方法将信号空间分为多个子空间,通过最优分配策略选取多个子空间分别实现固定波束指向,并相应地在每个波束后配置独立的卫星捕获跟踪通道组,然后依据最高信噪比准则在所有的子空间中优选卫星进行定位解算。该方法无需先验信息辅助,在抑制干扰信号的同时对卫星信号形成接收增益,在存在工程误差的实际条件下可达到与典型自适应波束形成算法相当的抗干扰性能,且具有鲁棒性强、更易工程实现等优点。最后,通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的有效性。     

编队卫星队形重构防碰撞最优轨迹规划

 针对编队卫星队形重构的轨迹规划问题,提出了直接配置混合整数线性规划(DCMILP)方法。首先将卫星编队飞行问题进行简化,整个过程使用线性化描述;继而将三阶Simpson方法扩展至编队卫星的队形重构过程中,将各卫星的状态量和控制量在各节点处离散化;然后根据目标函数及碰撞规避问题等各种约束条件,将整个过程转化为混合整数线性规划问题,从而可以找到该非凸问题的全局最优解。最后,通过对三维和二维两组编队卫星队形重构进行仿真,由结果可以看出,与传统方法相比该方法快速有效,能够满足实时性的要求,使得卫星编队的自主运行成为可能。     

改进参数化方法及在低空风切变中的应用

研究对参数化方法进行必要的改进,从而使该方法更好地用于求解最优控制问题。改进的基本思路是设法降低利用该方法转换而得的非线性规划子问题的维数。通常在利用参数化方法求解最优控制问题时,由于对控制变量和状态变量同时参数化,从而导致所转化而得的非线性规划子问题维数高,求解难。通过分析认为,只需对控制变量参数化,而对状态变量在时间节点处的值,则可通过对最优控制问题的微分约束进行分段积分求得,从而降低了转换而得的非线性规划子问题的维数,有利于该算法进一步推广应用。利用改进算法求解了飞机在低空风切变中的最优着陆轨迹问题,求解结果表明,改进算法可以顺利求解一类最优控制问题。     

Carrier phase navigation architecture for shipboard relative GPS

Carrier phase differential GPS (DGPS) navigation architectures and algorithms for automatic shipboard landing of aircraft are described. Processing methodologies are defined to provide high integrity carrier phase cycle estimation and positioning by optimally exploiting the complementary benefits of measurement filtering and satellite geometric redundancy for the terminal navigation problem. Navigation performance sensitivity to the standard deviations of raw carrier and code phase measurement errors, measurement error correlation times, and the filtering duration is quantified. Necessary conditions to ensure acceptable terminal navigation availability are specifically defined.     

A New Optimal Hatch Filter to Minimize the Effects of Ionosphere Gradients for GBAS

At present, the main problem faced by ground-based augment system （GBAS） is that though carder smoothing filter and local differential global positioning system （LDGPS） improve the accuracy of the pseudorange by reducing the noise in it and eliminating almost all the common errors between the user and the reference station, they also cause extra errors on account of the effects of the ionosphere temporal and spatial gradients. Based on the analysis of these errors as well as the smoothing noise, this article suggests a new algorithm to design the optimal Hatch filter, whose smoothing window width varies real-time with the satellite elevation, ionosphere variation, and distance from the user to the reference station. By conducting the positioning process in the GBAS emulation platform for several hours and after its comparison with the performances of traditional Hatch filters, it is found that the errors in the differential correction become smaller and the positioning accuracy gets heightened with this new method.     

空间环境对超低轨道卫星轨迹规划的影响

针对超低轨道卫星受空间环境影响显著,对特定目标的轨迹规划难度大的问题,分析了经验大气模型中空间环境参数预报的预报误差以及空间环境参数预报对轨迹规划的影响.在目前空间环境参数预报的误差特性的基础上,建立了轨道控制量和空间环境参数双变量的轨迹评估规划的算法,通过轨迹规划评估后选取最优轨迹规划方案.该算法能够很好地适应空间环境参数的变化,降低空间环境参数预报误差带来的轨道控制风险.目前,该算法已在某超低轨道卫星的轨迹规划中得到成功应用,对需要考虑空间环境因素影响的较低轨道卫星的轨迹规划与控制具有一定的借鉴意义.     

差分卫星导航系统定位精度飞行测试方法

针对机载差分卫星导航系统的定位误差特性,提出一种考核机载差分卫星导航系统定位精度的飞行测试方法。在事后数据处理过程中,由于两部卫星接收天线之间安装位置不同而导致的杆臂效应会使最终结果产生较大的计算误差,故提出了一种基于消除杆臂的数据处理方法。通过以上飞行测试方法和数据处理方法可以有效地评估机载差分卫星导航系统的定位精度。     

Analysis of solar panel orientation in low altitude satellites

The computation of the optimal orientation of solar panels which are fixed to the body of the satellite, from the point of view of average power, is presented. In practical cases, some of the parameters which determine the optimal orientation vary during the lifetime of the satellite. In these cases we compute a worst case optimum, which maximizes the average power in the worst case situation. Finally, an application of these procedures to an Earth observation satellite is performed     

飞行器控制系统的高精度计算方法

对于连续时间线性二次最优控制问题，在动力学方程和价值泛函的基础上，给出其全状态下的微分方程，进而将精细时程积分法引入上述问题，其优点为，放弃了传统的差分算法，使计算过程既简便又稳定；避免了Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ代数方程的求解；具有非常高的计算精度。通过对某飞行器控制系统的计算，充分说明了上述特色。     

Demodulation of a Continuous PM Signal Contaminated with Incidental AM Discrete Phase-Lock

This paper analyzes the problem of communication from phase-modulated (PM) satellite transmitters which usually exhibit some degree of incidental amplitude modulation (AM). Hybrid analog-digital demodulator structures for this type of signal are presented using results of nonlinear estimation theory. It is shown that the structure of the optimal demodulator is nonlinear in nature. Hence, first- and second-order approximations are employed to yield physically realizable phase-lock loop structures. Such algorithms are applicable at sampling instants and linear predictory relationships between sampling instants are derived.