Self-Tuning Excitation Control for Synchronous Machine

A novel scheme for the control of synchronous generator excitation system is described. The proposed controller, which makes use of self-tuning proportional-integral (PI) control, is very effective for improving the dynamic performance of the synchronous machine over a wide range of operating conditions when the machine is subjected to major disturbances or small random load changes. A fixed-gain PI excitation controller is also included for comparison.     

Design of SIMO Excitation Controllers for Synchronous Generators

Stabilization of synchronous generator oscillations is investigatedby using a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) excitation controller.The feedback signals which are most effective for the damping ofelectromechanical oscillations are selected based on the participationfactors of various signals. In order to improve the dampings ofpoorly damped oscillation modes, the eigenvalues associated withthese modes are shifted to certain prespecified locations by adjustingthe parameters of the excitation controller. Time domain simulationresults are also presented to show the validity of the proposedmethod.     

Damping of Generator Oscillations Using Static VAR Compensators

The design of a novel static VAR compensator for the damping of electromechanical oscillation in a synchronous generator is presented. The proposed compensator, which is made up of a fixed capacitor and a thyristor-controlled inductor, is installed at the generator terminal to provide the required damping without deteriorating the voltage profile under disturbance conditions. In order to have better dynamic performance, a supplementary proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller of which the parameters are determined by eigenvalue assignment is incorporated in the static VAR compensators. The dynamic responses of the synchronous machine subjected to a three-phase fault are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the static VAR compensators. A comparison study of the proposed controller and a PID excitation controller is made with respect to damping enhancement and terminal voltage deviation.     

基于DSP的航空发电机检测电路的设计

飞机发电机控制器是飞机电源系统的重要组成部分,文中设计了以TMS320LF2407A DSP芯片为核心处理器的航空交流发电机数字控制器的检测电路,可以实现交流采样、同步信号检测等功能,该电路有助于简化发电机控制器的硬件结构,提高发电机数字控制器的抗干扰能力和可靠性。     

Model reference adaptive control with smooth switching scheme for piecewise linear systems and its application in turbofan engine control

A model reference adaptive control (MRAC) with smooth switching scheme was proposed for piecewise linear systems, and the method was utilized in turbofan engine control to avoid the discontinuity of control input. In this scheme, each sub-region of the operating envelope had its own MRAC controller, and smooth indicator function based smooth switching scheme was introduced to switch multiple controllers smoothly at the boundary of adjacent sub-regions. The Lyapunov stability analysis indicated that the proposed smooth switching scheme can guarantee the convergence of the closed-loop system during the controllers switching. The tracking error system was converted into a switched system to analyze the global stability of the closed-loop system. The advantage of the method was that the chattering of system output and instability caused by asynchronous switching can be eliminated. The simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in comparison with the existing MRAC controller with gain scheduling for turbofan engine.      

Full control of a PWM DC-AC converter for AC voltage regulation

The design and implement action of a DSP-based fully digital-controlled single-phase pulsewidth modulated (PWM) dc-ac converter for ac voltage regulation is described. The proposed multiloop digital controller (MDC) consists of a current controller, a voltage controller, and a feedforward controller. This MDC was realized using a single-chip digital signal processor (DSP). The PWM gating signals are determined at every sampling instant by the proposed multiloop digital control scheme using a set of detected feedback signals. A software current control; scheme has been developed to achieve fast current control of the PWM inverter and decouple the inductor of the output filter. Experimental results have been given to verify the proposed digital control scheme. The constructed DSP-based PWM dc-ac converter system can achieve fast dynamic response and with low total harmonic distortion (THD) for rectifier type of loads     

基于无功相对偏差的无刷励磁发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障诊断新判据

为了寻找到在线识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障的新方法,通过对同步发电机发生转子绕组匝间短路后电磁特性和电气参量的变化进行分析,根据故障发生后励磁电流增加而无功输出量却相对减少的特征,提出了利用计算和测量故障前后发电机输出无功相对变化率,作为识别无刷励磁同步发电机转子匝间短路故障严重程度的一个较为实用的方法。利用发电机动态模拟试验机组,进行了相关的试验验证。     

Coordinated Frequency and Voltage Control of Synchronous Generators

Three different types of controllers, i.e., the conventional controller, the linear optimal controller (LOC), and the variablestructure controller (VSC) are proposed for the coordinatedfrequency and voltage control of synchronous generators. Theinteraction between the frequency and voltage control loops is takeninto account by incorporating both the speed-governing system andthe excitation system into the mathematical model of thesynchronous generator. Results obtained from computer simulationindicate that the variable structure controller can yield the bestdynamic responses following a step load change.     

励磁系统仿真模型校正技术研究

励磁控制系统作为同步发电机的重要组成部分,主要作用是向同步发电机的定子绕组提供一个可控的直流电流(电压),维持机端电压恒定,满足同步发电机的正常发电需要。通过发电机组控制系统模型,及时校正机组仿真模型,对异常响应进行预警排查,能够有效提高系统运行的稳定性。在MATLAB中搭建了一种以外部仿真机作为励磁调节器的单机无穷大系统仿真模型,模拟励磁系统PID主环异常以及电力系统稳定器(PSS)辅环异常时的输出,与理论值进行对比分析,能够及时确定故障原因和部位,实现故障维修。     

Variable structure and adaptive control of a synchronous generator

Damping of synchronous generator oscillations has been investigated by using three types of controllers, i.e., the PI (proportional-integral) controller, the model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) and the variable-structure model-following controller (VSMFC). It was found that the PI controller fails to accommodate itself to the situation where there is a significant change in generator loading conditions. The MRAC greatly improves the dynamic responses of the generator over a wide range of operating conditions by minimizing the error in the responses obtained from the plant with a specified reference model. The damping of the generator is further improved by the VSMFC, which reduces the sensitivity of generator responses relative to plant parameter variations by providing sliding-mode operations     

基于多指标非线性控制的永磁同步电动机转速控制

应用精确线性化方法研究了永磁同步电动机的非线性控制问题.根据精确线性化理论,设计了永磁同步电动机状态反馈线性化控制器和相对阶为1的多指标输入输出反馈线性化控制器.多指标非线性控制器选择全状态量线性组合形式为输出函数,根据系统特征根配置方法,整定了输出函数中各状态量的反馈系数.比较2种控制器仿真结果发现,多指标非线性控制器可以实现对电动机转速的有效控制,且控制器结构简单,设计方便,动静态性能良好.     

Variable Speed Wind Energy Conversion Using Synchronous Machine

A power generation scheme using a synchronous generator with an excitation control system driven by a variable-speed wind turbine is described. The proposed scheme has been analyzed over a wide speed range and under wind gusting conditions. Performance characteristics show that it is feasible to use variable-speed fixed-pitch wind turbines to generate electric power.     

SPWM 控制算法的Matlab 仿真和失真度分析

针对航空发动机数字电子控制器的实时性和高性能要求,需保证数控系统中的传感器激励信号的高精度和低失真度,使传感器提供更准确地反馈信号以参与航空发动机数控系统的控制。基于数字电子控制器的硬件实现,分析和总结了在航空发动机数控系统中常见的传感器激励信号的发生方法,计算出了几种方法中对应的开启和关闭时间,并指出了各种方法的优缺点。最后提出了1种在硬件实现前的准确、可行的针对SPWM激励波形的仿真方法。详细描述了利用SPWM技术发生正弦信号的基本原理和几种常用方法中正弦信号的实际输出值对于理想输出值的逼近方法,并着重阐述了利用Matlab数学工具仿真生成SPWM信号及计算其失真度的方法,最后得出各种方法的实际输出效果。     

飞行模拟转台高精度数字重复控制器的设计

从工程的角度讨论了离散重复控制系统的设计,所提出的重复控制方法可保证速度跟踪误差快速收敛为零。在重复控制器中采用了高阶低通滤波器和动态补偿器,改善了跟踪精度,保证了系统的稳定性,减少了周期性扰动误差。将所提出的方法应用于飞行模拟转台伺服系统的速度控制中,仿真结果表明,针对周期指令信号和周期干扰信号可保证较高的跟踪精度和较强的稳定性和鲁棒性。     

基于滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无传感器控制系统的优化研究

为了优化传统基于滑模观测器(SMO)的永磁同步电机(PMSM)无传感器控制系统的性能,分析了传统控制系统中相应模块的数学模型和控制算法存在的问题,建立了优化的基于SMO的PMSM无传感器控制系统模型并进行了仿真。通过分析传统SMO的数学模型,在保证SMO满足Lyapunov稳定条件的前提下,根据电机不同工况对滑模增益进行实时优化,提高了SMO的观测性能。为了提高锁相环(PLL)输出信号的质量,在PLL输入端加上低通滤波器,并对低通滤波环节造成的位置角度偏差进行补偿。通过仿真验证上述所采用优化策略的正确性和可行性,结果表明:优化模型在保证系统动态性能的同时能够获得比传统观察系统质量更高的观测信号。     

Constrained adaptive neural network control of an MIMO aeroelastic system with input nonlinearities

A constrained adaptive neural network control scheme is proposed for a multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) aeroelastic system in the presence of wind gust, system uncertainties, and input nonlinearities consisting of input saturation and dead-zone. In regard to the input nonlinear-ities, the right inverse function block of the dead-zone is added before the input nonlinearities, which simplifies the input nonlinearities into an equivalent input saturation. To deal with the equiv-alent input saturation, an auxiliary error system is designed to compensate for the impact of the input saturation. Meanwhile, uncertainties in pitch stiffness, plunge stiffness, and pitch damping are all considered, and radial basis function neural networks (RBFNNs) are applied to approximate the system uncertainties. In combination with the designed auxiliary error system and the backstep-ping control technique, a constrained adaptive neural network controller is designed, and it is pro-ven that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semi-globally uniformly bounded via the Lyapunov stability analysis method. Finally, extensive digital simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme towards flutter suppression in spite of the integrated effects of wind gust, system uncertainties, and input nonlinearities.     

一种混合励磁同步发电机的气隙磁密分析及其电压谐波抑制

为改善混合励磁同步发电机的气隙磁密分布,采用三段式气隙长度对转子进行了优化,对比了优化前后的气隙磁密。为抑制电压谐波,在完成转子结构优化的基础上,进一步采用短距、分布电枢绕组以及定子斜槽等措施。最后对样机电压波形进行了实测和质量分析,结果表明:采用三段式气隙长度与定子斜槽相结合,可将电压波形的总谐波失真(THD)抑制在5%的范围内。此外,探讨了偏心距法在切向/径向混合励磁电机中应用的可行性,并对比了分别采用偏心距法和三段式气隙长度法时的气隙磁密。     

Motion synchronization in a dual redundant HA/EHA system by using a hybrid integrated intelligent control design

This paper presents an integrated fuzzy controller design approach to synchronize a dis-similar redundant actuation system of a hydraulic actuator (HA) and an electro-hydrostatic actu-ator (EHA) with system uncertainties and disturbances. The motion synchronous control system consists of a trajectory generator, an individual position controller for each actuator, and a fuzzy force tracking controller (FFTC) for both actuators. The trajectory generator provides the desired motion dynamics and designing parameters of the trajectory which are taken according to the dynamic characteristics of the EHA. The position controller consists of a feed-forward controller and a fuzzy position tracking controller (FPTC) and acts as a decoupled controller, improving posi-tion tracking performance with the help of the feed-forward controller and the FPTC. The FFTC acts as a coupled controller and takes into account the inherent coupling effect. The simulation results show that the proposed controller not only eliminates initial force fighting by synchronizing the two actuators, but also improves disturbance rejection performance.     

有输入未建模动态的导弹鲁棒控制器设计

在导弹系统俯仰通道中存在输入未建模动态情况下，提出了一种基于RBF神经网络和反演控制技术的非线性鲁棒控制器的设计方法。首先应用两个RBF神经网络对输入未建模动态设计了神经网络逆补偿器．然后利用反演控制技术设计了导弹非线性控制器．最后应用Lyapunov稳定性理论推导出RBF神经网络权重矢量调节律，证明了系统的所有信号均有界且全局指数收敛至原点。最后给出的BTT导弹非线性六自由度数字仿真结果显示了该设计方法的有效性。     

开关磁阻电机发电运行强励方案的研究与实践

从开关磁阻发电机的运行原理可以看出 ,合理和充分的励磁是发电工作的关键。本文提出了强化励磁的构想 ,设计了强励的解决方案 ,并进行了样机实验验证。分析和实验表明 ,强励方案对运行在低压宽转速系统中的开关磁阻发电机 ,可以获得显著效果