共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 640 毫秒
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针对传统着陆器缓冲装置无法复用的不足,提出了一种可重复使用的小型着陆器,通过各关节上的摩擦制动装置吸收着陆冲击能量,由电机及扭簧组件实现再次起飞后着陆腿的姿态恢复,可满足多点飞跃探测的月表探测任务。完成了一维落震中单套着陆腿在竖直方向上的缓冲吸能动力学分析;基于径向基(RBF)代理模型,面向三种典型着陆工况,采用多目标协同优化方法,对单套着陆腿各关节制动扭矩进行了优化,优化后的缓冲吸能关节可有效降低着陆器在落震过程中的加速度峰值。最后进行了整机多工况落震仿真分析,结果表明,各着陆响应均满足设计要求,也可保证良好的着陆过程稳定性,可为中国后续开展星表单次任务多点位探测提供一种可行的解决方案。 相似文献
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Over the last 5 years, NASA has invested in development and risk-reduction activities for a new generation of planetary landers capable of carrying instruments and technology demonstrations to the lunar surface and other airless bodies. The Robotic Lunar Lander Development Project (RLLDP) is jointly implemented by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL). The RLLDP team has produced mission architecture designs for multiple airless body missions to meet both science and human precursor mission needs. The mission architecture concept studies encompass small, medium, and large landers, with payloads from a few tens of kilograms to over 1000 kg, to the Moon and other airless bodies. To mature these concepts, the project has made significant investments in technology risk reduction in focused subsystems. In addition, many lander technologies and algorithms have been tested and demonstrated in an integrated systems environment using free-flying test articles. These design and testing investments have significantly reduced development risk for airless body landers, thereby reducing overall risk and associated costs for future missions. 相似文献
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月球探测器软着陆机构 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
综述了月球探测器软着陆机构的应用与发展现状。介绍了软着陆机构的性能要求和组成,并根据着陆腿结构和缓冲器种类对软着陆机构进行了分类。讨论了着陆器主体设计、着陆腿结构和缓冲器的模块化设计。阐述了着陆器发射、在轨飞行、着陆和着陆后阶段的动力学研究内容。分析了缓冲器设计、着陆机构基本构型设计,以及缓冲器与基本构型主要参数配置等关键技术,对月球探测器软着陆机构设计有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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针对现有被动式铝蜂窝月球着陆器缓冲力波动大、无法重复使用的问题,提出一种基于磁流变缓冲器的仿猫月球着陆缓冲机构。首先,开展了不同高度平台的家猫跳落实验,对其跳落着陆姿态与前/后腿触地冲量进行了分析,探究其缓冲吸能机理;实验结果表明猫后腿的缓冲吸能占比更高。其次,结合猫跳落实验与中国嫦娥系列月球着陆器参数,设计了一种新构型仿猫着陆缓冲机构,并将其与嫦娥着陆器进行了仿真分析对比。结果表明,所提出的仿猫月球着陆缓冲机构,其机体最大加速度降低了18.3%,具有更为出色的着陆性能。其前腿缓冲吸能贡献约为40%,后腿的缓冲贡献度约为60%,与家猫高台跳落实验结果基本吻合,验证了仿猫月球着陆缓冲机构设计方案的合理性。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(2)
The far side of the moon is a unique place for some scientific investigations. Chang'e 4 is a Chinese lunar far side landing exploration mission. Relay communication satellite, named as Queqiao, is an important and innovative part of Chang'e 4 mission. It can provide relay communication to the lander and the rover operating on the lunar far side to maintain their contacts with Earth. It was launched by LM-4 C launch vehicle at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on May 21, 2018. After five precise orbit controls and a journey of more than 20 days, Queqiao inserted into final halo mission orbit around Earth-moon libration point 2, located about 65,000 km beyond the moon. It is the world's first communication satellite operating in that orbit. Up to now, Queqiao worked very well and provided reliable, continuous communication relay service for the lander and the rover to ensure the mission success of Chang'e 4 exploration mission. Via Queqiao, the lander and the rover were controlled to work by ground stations and obtained a great amount of scientific data. The mission overview, operation orbit selection, relay communication system design and flight profile were introduced in this article. 相似文献
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T. Hashimoto T. HoshinoS. Tanaka H. OtakeM. Otsuki S. WakabayashiH. Morimoto K. Masuda 《Acta Astronautica》2014
The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) views the lunar lander SELENE-2 as the successor to the SELENE mission. In this presentation, the mission objectives of SELENE-2 are shown together with the present design status of the spacecraft. JAXA launched the Kaguya (SELENE) lunar orbiter in September 2007, and the spacecraft observed the Moon and a couple of small satellites using 15 instruments. As the next step in lunar exploration, the lunar lander SELENE-2 is being considered. SELENE-2 will land on the lunar surface and perform in-situ scientific observations, environmental investigations, and research for future lunar utilization including human activity. At the same time, it will demonstrate key technologies for lunar and planetary exploration such as precise and safe landing, surface mobility, and overnight survival. The lander will carry laser altimeters, image sensors, and landing radars for precise and safe landing. Landing legs and a precisely controlled propulsion system will also be developed. A rover is being designed to be able to travel over a wide area and observe featured terrain using scientific instruments. Since some of the instruments require long-term observation on the lunar surface, technology for night survival over more than 2 weeks needs to be considered. The SELENE-2 technologies are expected to be one of the stepping stones towards future Japanese human activities on the moon and to expand the possibilities for deep space science. 相似文献
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介绍了目前国外提出的一种三元结构的火星采样返回任务方案,整个方案分3次发射,分别发射漫游车、着陆器和轨道器,每次发射间隔为4年,最终目的是将火星样品带回地球。该方案的优势在于,通过3次发射分别完成漫游车巡视勘察、着陆器现场探测、轨道器数据中继和在轨探测,最终综合完成火星采样返回,能够极大地缓解项目进度和资金压力,充分利用每次发射窗口分步骤完成探测任务。文章重点对方案涉及的关键技术进行了分析,包括样品获取与封装、行星保护、精准着陆、漫游车的危险规避能力和移动性、火星上升器、交会与样品捕获、地球再入器技术等;对方案的前景和优势进行了探讨,并给出几点启示,如精准着陆或成为今后行星探测着陆方式的新趋势,火星采样返回任务将是人类火星探测的里程碑,今后的深空探测任务趋向国际合作模式等。 相似文献
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国外载人航天器回收着陆技术的进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
进入21世纪,国际上掀起了一个空间探索活动的新高潮,而作为载人空间探索活动重要支撑的回收和着陆技术也相应取得了重要进展。文章综述了关、欧、俄在载人飞船、登月舱、火星着陆器等载人航天器回收着陆技术方面的研究和进展。 相似文献
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月球着陆器有效载荷着陆冲击响应分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对传统月球着陆器着陆冲击分析方法未能准确考虑结构柔性对有效载荷着陆冲击响应影响的缺点,提出了一种基于非线性瞬态动力学的着陆器有效载荷着陆冲击响应分析方法。以某型月球着陆器为对象,取其搭载的月球车为研究的有效载荷,建立月球着陆器着陆冲击非线性有限元分析模型。通过分析结果与试验结果对比,验证了模型及方法;进而分析了3种工况下月球车的着陆冲击响应,并研究了着陆器机体及着陆腿结构柔性对其着陆冲击响应的影响。研究结果表明:该方法较之传统着陆冲击分析方法可更为准确的分析有效载荷的着陆冲击响应;着陆器机体和着陆腿结构弹性均能起到减缓月球车着陆冲击响应的作用,其减缓效果分别为0.54g和0.52g,而二者共同作用的减缓效果更是达到了1.54g;着陆腿弹性对所有有效载荷的着陆冲击响应均有减缓作用,但机体结构柔性的减缓作用对其他有效载荷是否适用则需进行有针对性的分析。
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月面地形障碍是影响载人着陆安全的关键因素之一,可能引起着陆器倾斜、结构损坏甚至倾覆。载人月面着陆除在总体任务规划时要选取平坦安全的着陆区外,还要进行实时在线的地形探测和障碍规避。文章对“阿波罗”计划和“星座”计划中的月面着陆飞行方案和飞行器进行调研,分析了载人月面着陆避障的任务要求和技术特点;结合着陆飞行任务,提出考虑避障的飞行方案,分为高速运动中的粗避障和接近悬停后的精避障两个阶段;考虑月面着陆飞行状态以及光照、月尘等外部环境,设计载人月面着陆时由激光高度计、多普勒激光雷达以及闪光激光雷达组成避障敏感器系统;提出载人避障机动方案,采用接近段中制导目标调整、机动段六自由度控制以及缓速下降段滚动姿态机动等方法,并引入了航天员目测以检查月面地形障碍、选择月面着陆点以及手控进行终端避障机动控制。 相似文献
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随着中国深空探测的发展,在月球表面进行着陆探测成为新的关注热点,因此月球着陆器的着陆稳定性研究成为一项重要课题。文章利用ADAMS软件及其用户子程序,对一种可展开四腿式月球着陆器的着陆稳定性进行了研究,研究结论为着陆器的着陆缓冲机构及总体设计提供参考。 相似文献
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月球着陆器着陆缓冲性能研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
首先基于MSC.Nastran/MSC.Adams软件建立了模拟月球着陆器的动力学模型,并利用模拟月球着陆器在地面冲击试验来验证仿真模型的正确性,重点关注缓冲机构与结构连接处的载荷,结构特征点的加速度响应,以及缓冲器的工作行程。然后利用模拟着陆器地面试验结果修正动力学分析模型,研究表明:着陆器结构和缓冲机构的柔性对缓冲性能具有较大的影响。最后,把动力学分析模型中的模拟结构更换成真实结构,进行着陆器在月球表面的着陆冲击仿真分析,从而获得模拟着陆器地面试验与着陆器在月面着陆的冲击缓冲性能差异。 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(3)
Queqiao relay communications satellite was developed to provide relay communications services for the lander and the rover on the far side of the moon. From entering into its halo mission orbit around the Earth-moon libration point 2 on June 14, 2018, it has operated on orbit more than fifteen months. It worked very well and provided reliable, continuous relay communications services for the lander and the rover to accomplish the goals of Chang'e 4 lunar far side soft landing and patrol exploration mission. The on-orbit operation status of Queqiao relay communications satellite is summarized in this paper. 相似文献