Satellite Launch Gets Insurance

The People’s Insurance(Property)Co.(PICC Property)and the China Telecommunications Broad-cast Satellite Corp.(Chinasat)signed ＄220 million worth of contracts on July 29,1996 on two communi-cations satellites.The two telecommunications satellites are the Dongfanghong 3,developed by the Chi-nese Academy of Space Technology,and Chinasat 7,a product of the US Hughes company. The two satellites were planned to be responsible for the relay of the broadcasting of 15 televisionchannels,including some from China Centraal Television (CCTV),and for the expansion of the country’stelecommunications capacity.Chinasat7 was launched on August 18,1996 and failed to enter its plannedorbit.Dongfanghong 3 is scheduled to be launched by China’s Long March 3A launch vehicle at the endof the year.It is the first deal for PICC Property since the transformation of its parent company.PICC     

TaiYuan Satellite Launch Center

There are three major space launch bases in China, the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center and the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. All the three launch centers are located in sparsely populated areas where the terrain is even and the field of vision is broad. Security, transport conditions and the influence of the axial rotation of the Earth are all     

Long March Launch Vehicle Completing 70~(th) Launch

China's Long March launch vehicle family completed its 70th launch, successfully putting the third Beidou navigation and positioning satellite into orbit on May 25, 2003, which indicates that China has completed its own satellite navigation and positioning system.     

Xichang Satellite Launch Center

Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC) is mainly for geosynchronous orbit launches. The main purpose of XSLC is to launch spacecraft, such as broadcasting, communications and meteorological satellites, into geo-stationary orbit. Most of the commercial satellite launches of Long March vehicles have been from Xichang Satellite Launch Center. With 20 years' development, XSLC can launch 5 kinds of launch vehicles and send satellites into     

China's Space Launch Centers

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LM- 2E Launch Vehicle

The LM-2E,a large strap-onlaunch vehicle developed by China,represents a major achievement ofthe country in space launch technol-ogy.Many key technologies,in-cluding structural dynamics,aero-dynamics and large payload fair-ing,had been developed and usedin the LM-2E.The large capabilityand high reliability of the vehiclewere verified by the successful testflight in 1990 and the launches oftwo Aussat B communications satel-lites made by Hughes in the UnitedStates.China has been developing     

LM-4B Launch Vehicle

The history of LM-4B traces back to the end of the 1970s. The feasibility study of LM-4 began in 1982 and the engineering development was initiated in the following year. Initially, the LM-4 served as a back-up launch vehicle for LM-3 to launch China's communications satellites. After the successful launch of China's first communications satellites by LM-3 in 1984, the main mission of the LM-4     

LM-3B Launch Failure

A LM-3B was launched from Xichang Satellite Launch Center at 3: 01 on Feb. 15 with the Intelsat 708 but began to experience an anomaly in attitude about 2 sec. later. It touched down with its nose at about T 22s and exploded violently. The failure is under intensified investigation. The analysis of the telemetered data has shown that the crash was caused by a change in the inertial reference, which is to be confirmed through further analysis and demonstration.     

LM- 3B Launch Vehicle

LM-3B launch vehicle is a heavy three-stage liquid propellant strap-on launch vehicle, which was developed based on the mature technologies of the LM-3A and LM-2E. It not only has the highest payload capacity to send China's satellites to GTO, but is also one of the most advanced launch vehicles in the world with high reliability, reasonable price and perfect technological design. It can launch over 90% of various kinds of satellites in the international commercial satellite market.     

LM-3A Launch Vehicle

INTRODUCTIONThe LM-3A launch vehicle is a large three-stage liquid propellant launch vehicle developed on the basis of LM-3 and LM-2C. By incorporating the mature technologies of LM-3 and adding a more powerful improved LOX/LH cryogenic third stage and more     

LM-3 Launch Vehicle Series

The LM-3 launch vehicle series include LM-3, LM-3A and LM-3B. LM-3 The LM-3 is a large launch vehicle with multiple purposes. Its liftoff mass is about 202t, and liftoff thrust is 2744kN. The LM-3 stands 43.25m tall, with the diameters of the first and second stages being 3.35m and the third 2.25m. The LM-3 is launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center. Its flight may be divided into the first stage's operation phase, the second stage's opera-     

LM-1D Launch Vehicle

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CGWIC to Launch US Satellites

The China Great Wall Industrial Corporation (CGWIC) won a contract to launch two US broadcast satellites using Chinese carrier rockets.     

China's Long March Launch Vehicle Family

This paper is intended to have an introduction on research and development of China's Long March launch vehicle family, with an emphasis on the development of nine launch vehicles; the LM-1, LM-2, LM-2C, FB-1, LM-3, LM-4, LM-2E and LM-1D, LM-3A under development.     

Long March Rockets' Commercial Launch Services

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Chinese LM-2C Launch Vehicle

Developed on the basis of the LM-2, the LM-2C was designed to launch China's indigenous recoverable satellite. It can be used to launch a large satellite into low orbit. The LM-2C is a two-stage liquid launch vehicle updated on the basis of a long-range rocket.     

LM-2C Series Launch Vehicles

On December 30, 2003, a LM-2C/SM launch vehicle was launched from Xichang Sat-ellite Launch Center (XSLC), successfully sending TC-1 satellite into orbit. The satellite is the first one of the two scientific satellites known as Double Star. The operation orbit of the satellite is the highest compared with China's other satellites ever launched.     

The New Launch Complex in Xichang

There are two launch complexes in Xichang Satellite Launch Center. One is the Long March-3 launch complex which is a fixed 77m high launch tower. The other is the Long March- 2E launch complex which is composed of a 98m mobile tower and a 70m fixed tower. The latter is newly constructed, the first use of which was in July, 1990 when the Long March-2E made its maiden demonstration flight. In addition to the LM-2E, the complex (the largest one in China) can also be used to launch even larger Long March boosters to be developed in the future. Technical facilities and equipment of the new complex are described here.     

Maiden Flight of Long March 7——The New Generation Medium Launch Vehicle in China

On June 25, 2016, the Long March 7(LM-7) launch vehicle completed its maiden flight successfully. LM-7, as a new generation of medium and basic launch vehicle based on the design concepts of non-toxic and nonpolluting, was developed for the purpose of launching a cargo spacecraft to the Chinese space station. Based on the experience on launching cargo spacecraft and satellites, LM-7 can be adapted for mainstream satellite launch missions in the future with its characteristics of serialization and continuous optimization. LM-7 is expected to be used to launch manned spacecraft in the future. This paper presents a general review of LM-7 with regard to the general scheme and provides references for the development prospects of a medium launch vehicle series in China.     

China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology

November 11,1992 was the thir-ty fifth anniversary of China A-cademy of Launch Vehicle Technol-ogy(CALT),which grows out ofthe First Branch of the Fifth Acade-my under the Ministry of NationalDefence.Dr.Qian Xuesen was itsfirst president. Since its establishment in 1957,under the guidance of the principleof relying on our own efforts,striking for external assistance andmaking good use of science andtechnology achieved by the devel-oped countries,CALT has been de-