DFH-3F2 Successfully Launched by the LM-3A

ＤＦＨ┐３Ｆ２ＳｕｃｅｓｆｕｌｙＬａｕｎｃｈｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＬＭ┐３ＡＴｈｅＬＭ┐３ＡｌｉｆｔｉｎｇｏｆｆｗｉｔｈＤＦＨ┐３Ｆ２Ｃｈｉｎａ＇ｓｎｅｗｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｏｎｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓｓａｔｅｌｉｔｅＤＦＨ－３Ｆ２ｗａｓｓｕｃｃｅｓｆｕｌ－...     

Address to Ministerial Conference on Space Applications for Development in Asia and the Pacific by the Chinese Delegation

First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Chinese Government and the Chinese people, to convey my congratulations on the opening of the Ministerial Conference on Space Applications for Development in Asia and the Pacific. As a host country, we are grateful to Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific for its preparations for the Conference and grateful to the countries in Asia and Pacific region for their trust in and support to us. I believe we will reach common understanding on some important issues through discussion of     

Study on the Deformation Behavior of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn Wrought Magnesium Alloys by Visco-plastic Self-consistent Modeling

The plastic deformation behavior of new Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn magnesium alloys gains great necessity to clarify and understand the mechanism deeply. In the present work， the tensile mechanical property test and visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) model are used to investigate the activities of deformation modes of VW84M and VW94M magnesium alloys during the tensile deformation. The results show that the mechanical properties of the above extruded alloys are similar but VW94M has higher strength than VW84M after the same aging process. Compared with the extruded alloys， the as-aged alloys have significantly higher activation of pyramidal slip at the later stage of plastic deformation. In addition， the as-aged VW94M alloy with higher strength has the largest activity of pyramidal slip. In summary， the addition of Gd increases the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS) in each slip system of VW94M， while the increase in the strength and the decrease in the elongation of as-aged alloys are associated with the significant activation of pyramidal slip.     

Antennas Made by CAST

1 .Antenna APerture:0.452 .Antenna Aperture:0.453 .Antenna APerture:3.704 .A川enna APerture:4.505.Antenna APerture:3.20Antennas Made by CAST     

The Tanaka-Enome criterion and solar activity in October–November 2003 as observed by the Large Pulkovo Radio Telescope

We present the results of spectral and polarization observations of two large sunspot groups, NOAA 0484 and NOAA 0486 + 0488, which determine high solar activity in October–November 2003. The observations are made with the Large Pulkovo Radio Telescope (LPRT) in the range 2.7–20 cm, the one-dimensional (E-W) resolution of observations being 1–6 arc min, respectively. The main characteristics of the corona radio emission above these active regions are measured, allowing us to follow their dynamics during the entire period of their existence on the solar disk with a period of one day. The analysis of the obtained results is presented from the point of view of the well-known Tanaka-Enome criterion [1–2] (on the basis of this criterion one can predict strong flares from characteristics of radio emission of an active region in quasi-quiet state). Using the activity in October–November 2003 as an example, we demonstrate the capabilities of a new method for estimating the level of solar activity. It was developed on the basis of long-term observations of the Sun by LPRT [3].Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 6, 2004, pp. 585–594.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Borisevich, Ilin, Korzhavin, Peterova, Topchilo, Shpitalnaya.     

Risks Posed by Space Debris

With the rapid development of space technology, the dream of the exploration and peaceful use of outer space has been realized, which, meanwhile, brings great benefits to all mankind, promotes the development of people's production and improves their social activities. Therefore, it is a common concern for people all over the world to make their great efforts     

Changes in the Earth’s ozonosphere due to ionization of high-latitude atmosphere by solar protons in October, 2003

Using the data of the Russian KORONAS-F satellite and American GOES spacecraft on solar cosmic ray fluxes associated with powerful events which occurred on the Sun at the end of October - the beginning of November, 2003, calculations of ionization of high-latitude (70° N) atmosphere were carried out. The calculations have shown that the maximum values of ionization for the chosen latitude lie in the range of 50–70 km. The largest ionization was caused by the flare on November 28, 2003. Based on a numerical photochemical simulation it is shown that, as a result of intensification of catalytic cycles with participation of ozone-destroying NO and OH, the concentration of ozone decreased by 30% at ionization maximum altitudes.Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 6, 2004, pp. 653–662.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Krivolutsky, Kuminov, Vyushkova, Kuznetsov, Myagkova.     

Space Technical Transfer Products by CAST

奥通人二壁一 碧 洲不端品国钾祥臀婴鄂哪▲Chemleal IndustrlalAutomatle M6扭.Urement and Control S外tem阅STn nus Induotrlal control Co.Puter▲Railway Rolling Staek Infrarod Thermal Bearing Detection SystemSpace Technical Transfer Products by CAST     

New Recoverable Satellite Made by China

ＮｅｗＲｅｃｏｖｅｒａｂｌｅＳａｔｅｌｉｔｅＭａｄｅｂｙＣｈｉｎａＭｒ．ＬｉｎＨｕａｂａｏ，ＧｅｎｅｒａｌＤｅｓｉｇｎｅｒｏｆｔｈｅＳａｔｅｌｉｔｅＴａｂｌｅ１ＭａｉｎＦｌｉｇｈｔＰａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓｏｆＣｈｉｎａ＇ｓＲｅｃｏｖｅｒａｂｌｅＳａｔｅｌ...     

CAECC Software Testing Laboratory Accredited by CNAL

Software Testing Laboratory ofChina Aerospace Engineeringand Consultation Center (CAECC)is accredited by China NationalAccreditation Board for Laboratories(CNAL) as the first such laboratory indomestic space industry. Since CNAL isa member of International LaboratoryAccreditation Cooperation (ILAC),software testing reports certificated toCAECC are recognized by 45 labora-tory accreditation organizations in Asia-Pacific region, Europe and America.The laboratory has more than ten…     

A Study of the Luminescence of the Lyman–Birge–Hopfield Bands in the Atmospheres of the Earth and Titan

Cosmic Research - Calculations were made of the volume and integral emission intensities of the Lyman–Birge–Hopfield (LBH) bands of molecular nitrogen at 146.4, 138.4, 135.4, and 132.5...     

Space Law Facing Problems Caused by Technology Development

ＳｐａｃｅＬａｗＦａｃｉｎｇＰｒｏｂｌｅｍｓＣａｕｓｅｄｂｙＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔＢｙＪｉａｏＹｏｎｇＷｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｐａｃｅｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙａｎｄｉｎｃｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｕｍａｎｓｐａｃｅａｃｔｉｖ...     

High-speed streams of the solar wind near the earths’s orbit and their sources on the sun according to stereoscopic observations in the minimum of the 23rd cycle

Based on the results of plasma and magnetic measurements at three different points of the heliosphere and telescopic observations of the Sun from these points we study simultaneously high-speed streams (HSS) of the solar wind (SW) near the Earths’s orbit and coronal holes (CH) that have generated them. The data from spacecraft STEREO-A, STEREO-B, ACE, and SOHO are used together with ground-based observations from March 2007 to May 2008. In this period there existed HSS whose sources represented CH of various polarity, geometry, and location relative to the heliographic and heliomagnetic equators. Dependence of SW parameters on mutual positions of spacecraft with respect to CH and heliospheric current sheet, and also on heliolatitude and geometry of the CH is revealed. A difference of more than 5° in locations of spacecraft with respect to the heliospheric current sheet in November 2007 allowed us to discover a heliolatitude velocity gradient of the SW streams between the STEREO-A and STEREO-B spacecraft. On the average this gradient at that time was equal to 20 km/s per degree. Substantial variations in SW streams associated with variations of the HSS SW sources during a few hours or days were also observed. This variability makes it difficult to use the data of spacecraft STEREO-B for sufficiently accurate prediction of SW properties in the near-Earth space by the method of simple advanced ti me shift due to heliolongitude difference between a spacecraft and the Earth even in solar activity minimum.     

Some ecological mechanisms to generate habitability in planetary subsurface areas by chemolithotrophic communities: the Río Tinto subsurface ecosystem as a model system

Chemolithotrophic communities that colonize subsurface habitats have great relevance for the astrobiological exploration of our Solar System. We hypothesize that the chemical and thermal stabilization of an environment through microbial activity could make a given planetary region habitable. The MARTE project ground-truth drilling campaigns that sampled cryptic subsurface microbial communities in the basement of the Río Tinto headwaters have shown that acidic surficial habitats are the result of the microbial oxidation of pyritic ores. The oxidation process is exothermic and releases heat under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These microbial communities can maintain the subsurface habitat temperature through storage heat if the subsurface temperature does not exceed their maximum growth temperature. In the acidic solutions of the Río Tinto, ferric iron acts as an effective buffer for controlling water pH. Under anaerobic conditions, ferric iron is the oxidant used by microbes to decompose pyrite through the production of sulfate, ferrous iron, and protons. The integration between the physical and chemical processes mediated by microorganisms with those driven by the local geology and hydrology have led us to hypothesize that thermal and chemical regulation mechanisms exist in this environment and that these homeostatic mechanisms could play an essential role in creating habitable areas for other types of microorganisms. Therefore, searching for the physicochemical expression of extinct and extant homeostatic mechanisms through physical and chemical anomalies in the Mars crust (i.e., local thermal gradient or high concentration of unusual products such as ferric sulfates precipitated out from acidic solutions produced by hypothetical microbial communities) could be a first step in the search for biological traces of a putative extant or extinct Mars biosphere.     

Features of the Motion of the Earth’s Geographic North Pole and Jumping in the Geomagnetic Field

Cosmic Research - The results of an analysis and comparison of times of appearance of the features of the long-term displacement of the geographic North Pole over the Earth’s surface and the...     

Analysis of the orbital motion of the asteroid Apophis’ satellite

We have analyzed the orbital disturbed spacecraft motion near an asteroid. The equations of the asteroidocentric spacecraft motion have been used with regard to three perturbations from celestial bodies, the asteroid’s nonsphericity, and solar radiation pressure. It has been shown that the orbital parameters of the main spacecraft and a small satellite with a radio beacon can be selected such that the orbits are rather stable for a fairly long period of time, i.e., a few weeks for the main spacecraft with an orbit initial radius of ~0.5 km and a few years before approaching Apophis with the Earth in 2029, for a small satellite at an orbit initial radius of ~1.5 km. The initial orientation of the spacecraft orbital plane perpendicular to the sunward direction is optimal from the point of view of the stability of the spacecraft flight near an asteroid.     

Stochastic models of the earth’s rotation taking the effects of the moon and planets into account

A generalization of kinetic and spectral and correlation equations of fluctuations in the Earths rotation is made taking into account the effect of the Moon and planets (these equations form the basis for corresponding stochastic models). Special attention is paid to a parameterized version of kinetic equations based on the method of normal approximation. The application of linear stochastic models for obtaining the spectral and correlation characteristics of the Earths rotation is considered, including the case of random parameters of the tensor of inertia of a deformable Earth. The results can be used for constructing stochastic models of the Earths rotation over time intervals of 6–10 years.Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 43, No. 1, 2005, pp. 54–66.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Markov, Dasaev, Perepelkin, I. N. Sinitsyn, V. I. Sinitsyn.