磷酸掺杂型高温质子交换膜燃料电池关键材料研究进展 |
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引用本文: | 相艳,李文,郭志斌,张劲,卢善富.磷酸掺杂型高温质子交换膜燃料电池关键材料研究进展[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2022,48(9):1791-1805. |
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作者姓名: | 相艳 李文 郭志斌 张劲 卢善富 |
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作者单位: | 1.北京航空航天大学 空间与环境学院,北京 100083 |
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摘 要: | 高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)由于较高的工作温度(130~220℃),具有较快的电极反应动力学、较强的抗燃料/空气中杂质毒化能力、广泛的燃料来源(甲醇重整气、工业副产氢等)及简单的水/热管理系统等优点。因此,HT-PEMFC将成为聚合物膜燃料电池的重要前沿发展方向之一。重点介绍了北京航空航天大学团队近十年来在HT-PEMFC关键材料-高温膜、催化层和膜电极等方面的研究进展,针对磷酸(PA)掺杂型高温膜的质子传导率和机械性能之间的最佳平衡点、催化层中PA分布和迁移对电池性能的影响机制,以及大尺寸膜电极一致性对电堆性能影响与衰减机制等科学问题,从聚电解质膜材料的分子设计、有序催化层结构调控和大尺寸膜电极电堆优化等工作进行了梳理,对HT-PEMFC技术所面临的技术挑战问题与未来发展趋势做出了评述和展望。
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关 键 词: | 燃料电池 高温质子交换膜 催化层 膜电极 高温燃料电池堆 |
收稿时间: | 2022-07-05 |
Research progress on key materials of phosphoric acid doped high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells |
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Affiliation: | 1.School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China2.Beijing Heracles Novel Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100162, China |
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Abstract: | High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) has fast electrode reaction kinetics, strong resistance to fuel/air impurity poisoning, a wide range of fuel sources (pure hydrogen, methanol-reforming gas, formic acid, etc.), and simple water/thermal management systems due to their high operating temperature (130℃-200℃). They have become one of the important development directions of polymer membrane fuel cells. This paper mainly introduces the research progress of Beihang University in HT-PEMFC key materials-high-temperature membrane, catalytic layer, and membrane electrode assemblies in recent ten years. Aiming at the best balance between proton conductivity and mechanical properties of phosphoric acid (PA) doped high-temperature membrane, the influence mechanism of PA distribution and migration in the catalytic layer on cell performance, and the influence and attenuation mechanism of large-size membrane electrode consistency on stack performance. The molecular design of polyelectrolyte membrane materials, the regulation of ordered catalytic layer structure, and the optimization of large-size membrane electrode stack were reviewed, and the technical challenges faced by HT-PEMFC technology as well as the future development trend are reviewed and prospected. |
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