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火星着陆自主导航方案研究进展
崔平远1,2, 高艾1,3, 于正湜1,4
1.北京理工大学宇航学院，北京100081;2.飞行器动力学与控制教育部重点实验室，北京100081;3.飞行器动力学与控制教育部重点实验室，北京100082;4.飞行器动力学与控制教育部重点实验室，北京100083
摘要:
火星着陆导航技术是火星着陆过程的核心技术之一。围绕火星着陆环境特点与导航技术遇到的挑战，分析了目前火星着陆过程的导航能力和自主导航的发展趋势，并针对火星着陆过程的特殊性和导航需求，概述了火星着陆过程各阶段自主导航方案的研究现状与进展。进而从导航方案设计与配置、导航模型建立与仿真、导 航方案性能分析等方面，对自主导航方案的最新研究进展进行了分析，并在火星着陆全过程自主导航方案综合仿真的基础上，获得了满足火星定点着陆要求的各阶段交接点应满足的导航精度。最后，基于目前技术现状和发展趋势，提出了构建“递进式三阶段”火星着陆自主导航方案的设想，可为未来火星着陆自主导航方案的设计与论证提供参考。
关键词:  火星着陆  最终接近  大气进人  下降着陆  自主导航
DOI：
分类号:V448.22+4
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2012CB720000)；国家自然科学基金资助项目（61374216,61304248,61304226）；高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20111101110001)；北京理工大学创新团队基金资助项目
Research Progress of Autonomous Navigation Scheme for Mars Landing
CUI Pingyuan1,2, GAO Ai1,3, YU Zhengshi1,4
1.Institute of Deep Space Exploration Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081，China;2.Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081，China;3.Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100082，China;4.Key Laboratory of Dynamics and Control of Flight Vehicle, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083，China
Abstract:
Navigation is one of the core technologies for Mars landing. In this paper, the Mars landing navigation capabilities and development trends of autonomous navigation are firs街analyzed, concentrating on the landing environment characteristics and technological challenges. And the research status of autonomous navigation scheme is summarized subject to the specialties and requirements of each flight phase during Mars landing. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the latest research progress in autonomous navigation schemes is conducted in the respects of design and configuration of schemes, model building and simulation, navigation performance analysis and so on. Then the required navigation precision on each interface point of flight phases is obtained by comprehensively simulating the whole progress of Mars landing. Finally, the conceive of a "progressive three-stage" autonomous navigation scheme for Mars landing is proposed while considering the present situation and developing trend of technology, which would provide useful data for the design and demonstration of navigation scheme for future Mars landing.
Key words:  Mars landing  final approach  entry  descent and landing  autonomous navigation