The fatigue performance of Al-Li-S4 aluminum-lithium alloys with two riveted joints is investigated. The detail fatigue rating (DFR) values are measured and calculated based on the fatigue tests. The fatigue crack initiation and propagation behavior are observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that DFR value of Al-Li-S4 alloy with riveted lap joins is 102.24MPa, and the DFR value of rivet-filled countersink hole structure is 169.41MPa. Fatigue fractography shows that Al-Li-S4 alloy has superior fatigue properties. The study can be used to select suitable materials from the fatigue strength design and fatigue life evaluation of the civil aircraft.