Open ultra-high speed space intelligent data transmission system has the characteristics of ultra-high speed payload data input and on-orbit intelligent information processing based on open architecture design. This paper proposes the methods of studying the ultra-high speed complex data flow control and routing interaction technology, adopting the high-speed transmission interface such as the highly reliable photoelectric module with the adaptability of space environment, advanced star routing processing topology architecture, establishing the unified data standard protocol, and constructing the open ultra-high speed satellite-based processing system platform. Various advanced intelligent processing algorithm applications are realized through platform integration and sharing, architecture on-orbit reconstruction and software update. Research multi-source data classification storage and management technology, solve the problem of massive multi-group high-speed data storage and retrieval, meet up to hundreds of Tb of oversized data storage and retrieval capacity. The functional performance of the system is verified by design simulation and experiment. A new space intelligent data transmission system with high real-time load data processing capacity of hundreds of Gbps, flexible space intelligent processing function and open architecture is realized.