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摘要:
雷达散射截面(RCS)是评价飞机隐身性能的重要指标，进气道对飞机的RCS有较大贡献，研究飞机进气道的散射有重要意义。相对于普通凸表面类型目标，进气道属于腔体，在远场条件计算、测量系统配置方面都需根据自身特有的散射机理做相应调整。借鉴矩形波导与远场关系理论，分析进气道等腔体类型目标的散射规律，判断进气道散射只与口面场有关。以一种方形腔体为例，采用几何光学法进行定量回波分析，通过电磁仿真软件FEKO进行仿真计算验证理论推导的正确性。在紧缩场和普通远场2种环境下，对腔体目标进行RCS对比测量研究。数值计算和实验测量的结果表明：对进气道等腔体类目标进行散射测量时，测试场仅需保证口面尺寸满足远场条件即可，但是测量系统需要具备2~5倍进气道长度的测量能力。
Abstract:Radar cross section (RCS) is an important index to evaluate the stealth performance of aircraft. As the inlet has a great contribution to the RCS of aircraft, it is significant to the study of the scattering of aircraft inlet. Compared with the common convex surface target, the inlet belongs to the cavity, so the far-field condition calculation and measurement system configuration should be adjusted according to its own unique scattering mechanism. Based on the theory of the relationship between rectangular waveguide and far field, the scattering law of cavity type targets such as inlet is analyzed. Taking a square cavity as an example, the quantitative echo analysis is carried out by using geometrical optics method, and the correctness of the theoretical derivation is verified by FEKO simulation. The RCS of the cavity target is measured in the compact field and the far field. The results of numerical calculation and experimental measurement show that when measuring the scattering of cavity like targets such as inlet, the test field only needs to ensure that the size of the inlet surface meets the far-field conditions, but the measurement system needs to have the measurement ability of 2~5 times the length of the inlet.
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图 6 不同极化状态下推导结果与FEKO仿真计算的归一化曲线
Figure 6. Normalized curves between derived results and FEKO simulation results under different polarization states
图 8 15 GHz不同极化状态下金属腔体与涂吸波材料腔体的RCS曲线对比
Figure 8. RCS curve comparison of metal cavity and cavity coated with absorbing material under different polarization conditions at 15 GHz
图 11 水平极化状态下不同方位角的一维距离像
Figure 11. One-dimensional range profiles at different azimuth angles under horizontal polarization
图 12 不同条件下的实验测量系统
Figure 12. Experimental measurement system under different conditions
图 13 方形腔体水平极化状态下紧缩场测量与普通远场结果比较
Figure 13. Comparison of compact field measurement and ordinary far field measurement of square cavity under horizontal polarization state
图 14 频率15 GHz方形腔体水平极化状态下的RCS曲线
Figure 14. RCS curves of 15 GHz square cavity in horizontal polarization state
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