国外对开放式系统架构（OSA）概念的探索至今已有40 多年。美国国防部模块化开放式系统方法 （MOSA）正是建立在OSA 概念之上，综合了采办和工程方法，来实现低成本、优化和快速能力升级的武器 系统灵活开发。本文将集中讨论MOSA 构建方法及其开放式架构的最佳实践，包括开放式任务系统、未来机 载能力环境和传感器开放式系统架构。最后，本文讨论了MOSA 在开放式架构上开展的工作及其挑战，以期 对我国在航空电子OSA 标准研究和实践上有所裨益。

Open System Architecture（OSA）has been explored for more than 40 years. The Modular Open Systems Approach （MOSA） of the U.S. Department of Defense （DoD） is based on OSA concept, which is a combination of acquisition and engineering methodologies, to achieve flexible weapon systems with low costs of integration and rapid upgrade capabilities. We will focus on MOSA architecting methodologies and its open architectures “best practice”, including Open Mission Systems （OMS）, Future Airborne Capabilities Environment （FACE） and Sensor Open System Architecture（SOSA）. Finally , MOSA’s efforts and its challenges around open architectures are also discussed. It is hoped that this discussion can be beneficial for research and practice on avionics OSA standard.

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